Content from https://inside.mines.edu/~tcamp/baci/baci_index.html;

balnxxe/bagui

@@ -0,0 +1,16 @@
+#!/bin/sh
+# Let the BACI user know that bagui is no longer supported
+echo "In 2012, We decided to stop supporting the BACI graphical user"
+echo "interface PCODE interpreter, bagui, because of its dependence"
+echo "on Tcl and Tk.  For the functionality of bagui, we strongly"
+echo "recommend that you use the bagui built into the JavaBACI"
+echo "system.  This application is easier to install and use"
+echo "because it is Java based."
+echo ""
+echo "                     Bill Bynum  bynum@cs.wm.edu"
+echo "                     Tracy Camp  tcamp@mines.edu"
+echo "                     September, 2012"
+#
+#
+# $Id: bagui,v 1.1 2012/09/29 20:44:36 bynum Exp $
+#

projects/README

@@ -0,0 +1,21 @@
+
+                         BACI PROJECTS 
+                         July 15, 2001 
+
+This directory contains sample course projects for an 
+undergraduate operating system course that uses BACI. 
+These projects are briefly described in: 
+
+        B. Bynum and T. Camp, After you Alfonse: A Mutual
+        Exclusion Toolkit, Proceedings of the 27th SIGCSE
+        Conference, February 1996. 
+
+	B. Bynum and T. Camp, BACI: The Ben-Ari Concurrent
+	Programming System, in Operating Systems: Fourth
+	Edition by W. Stallings, 2001. 
+
+If you are a professor teaching an OS course, we are happy to
+share our solutions to these projects with you. Please contact 
+either of us at:
+      Tracy Camp        tcamp@mines.edu
+      Bill Bynum        bynum@cs.wm.edu

projects/a-b-sem.tex

@@ -0,0 +1,78 @@
+% HOMEWORK #2
+% re: processes 
+%
+\documentstyle[11pt,fullpage]{article}
+\pagestyle{empty}
+\begin{document}
+
+\begin{center}
+{\large\bf BACI Projects for an OS Course} 
+ 
+\end{center}
+
+\begin{enumerate}
+\item {\bf A's and B's:} For the following 
+program outline in Ben-Ari Concurrent Pascal, 
+\begin{tabbing}
+xxxxxx \= xxx \= \kill 
+\> PROGRAM As\_and\_Bs; \\
+\\
+\> VAR \\
+\>\> \{ semaphore declarations \}  \\
+\\
+\> PROCEDURE A; \\
+\> BEGIN (P's and V's only) END; \\
+\\
+\> PROCEDURE B; \\
+\> BEGIN (P's and V's only) END; \\
+\\
+\> BEGIN \\
+\>\> \{ semaphore initializations \} \\
+\>\> COBEGIN A;A;A;B;B; COEND; \\
+\> END. 
+\end{tabbing}
+complete the program using {\it general} semaphores so that the
+processes ALWAYS terminate in the order A (any copy), B (any copy), A
+(any copy), A, B. In addition to the program, 
+hand in the results of FIVE executions of the
+program using the -apt option. 
+Include an explanation (or proof, if you prefer) of why the
+program works like it should.
+
+\item {\bf Binary Semaphores:} 
+Repeat problem 1 using only BINARY semaphores. In addition, you
+can use assignment, incrementing, and decrementing auxiliary INTEGER
+variables, along with IF-(testing INTEGER expressions)-THEN-ELSE. 
+Consider why this problem can not be solved without counting 
+variables. 
+
+\item {\bf More A's and B's:}
+Repeat the A and B problem using four concurrent processes 
+(A, A, A, and B) such that they terminate in the order A (any copy), 
+B, A, A. 
+
+\item {\bf Even More A's and B's:} 
+Repeat the A and B problem using eight concurrent processes (A, A, A, A,
+B, B, B, B) such that they terminate in the order AABABABB. {\bf
+Tough one!} 
+
+\item {\small\bf Busy Waiting versus Semaphores:} 
+Using the program developed in the 
+general semaphore project above (ABAAB), consider
+the performance effect of its execution with your fair and 
+your unfair (random) semaphore implementations.
+That is, calculate the total number of 
+busy waiting loops that occur in each implementation. 
+Compare the performance of these two semaphore implementations 
+with a busy waiting implementation, i.e., an implementation that
+uses the exchange operation for synchronization. In each case, 
+use a large number of executions (say,
+1000) to obtain better statistics. 
+Discuss your results, explaining why one implementation is preferred
+over another. 
+
+
+\end{enumerate}
+
+
+\end{document}

projects/add.cm

@@ -0,0 +1,56 @@
+//**************************************************************//
+//                                                              //
+//  Program:  Concurrent Add Exercise                           //
+//  Filename: add.cm                                            //
+//  Original author:  Neil Bergmann                             //
+//  Modification:  Tracy Camp                                   //
+//                                                              //
+//  This program is a concurrent add example for use with       //
+//  the BACI system.  In its current version, it gives          //
+//  indeterminate, incorrect answers.                           //
+//                                                              //
+//  You need to add additional code to this file; do NOT        //
+//  delete, replace, or modify existing code.                   //
+//                                                              //
+//**************************************************************//
+
+//Global Variable Declarations //
+
+  int total;  //Global variable to hold accumulating total//
+
+//**************************************************************//
+void add(int lower, int upper)
+//Adds numbers in the range lower to upper inclusive to total//
+
+{
+  int i;   
+  for (i=lower;i<=upper;i++) 
+  {
+    total = total + i;
+  }
+}
+
+//**************************************************************//
+void initialize()
+//Initializes all global variables and data structures//
+
+{
+total = 0;
+}
+
+//**************************************************************//
+//main program//
+
+main() {
+
+cobegin {
+  add(1,10); add(11,20); add(21,30); add(31,40); add(41,50);
+  add(51,60); add(61,70); add(71,80); add(81,90); add(91,100);
+}
+
+cout << "Sum [1..100] = " << total << endl;
+
+} //main program//
+
+//**************************************************************//
+

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+E end
+%%EndProlog
+%%BeginSetup
+%%Feature: *Resolution 600dpi
+TeXDict begin
+%%PaperSize: Letter
+
+%%EndSetup
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+%%Trailer
+end
+userdict /end-hook known{end-hook}if
+%%EOF

projects/bakery.tex

@@ -0,0 +1,29 @@
+% HOMEWORK #2
+% re: processes 
+%
+\documentstyle[12pt,fullpage]{article}
+\pagestyle{empty}
+\begin{document}
+
+\begin{center}
+{\large\bf BACI Project for an OS Course} 
+\end{center}
+
+\vspace*{0.5in} 
+
+{\small\bf The Baker's Problem:} Suppose you are the owner of a bakery
+that just became extremely popular. In the past, you waited on
+customers as soon as they came into your store. Now, however, 
+almost every customer 
+has to wait for service! You are thrilled with your success, but are
+worried about fairness. \\
+
+One day, after the store has closed, 
+you decide to install a ticket system in order to be sure to serve 
+customers in turn. Since you are a computer expert, in 
+addition to being a great baker, you decide to use your new computer to
+implement this ticket system. Should you use semaphores or monitors in
+your implementation?  Make a decision and then do the implementation in
+BACI. 
+
+\end{document}

projects/dine.cm

@@ -0,0 +1,167 @@
+//**************************************************************//
+//                                                              //
+//  Program: Dining Philosopher Problem                         //
+//  Filename: dine.cm                                           //
+//  Original author:  Neil Bergmann                             //
+//  Modification:  Tracy Camp                                   //
+//                                                              //
+//  This program implements the dining philosopher problem.     //
+//  This version occasionally results in deadlock.              //
+//                                                              //
+//**************************************************************//
+
+
+//**************************************************************//
+// GLOBAL DECLARATIONS                                          //
+
+const int number= 5; //number of diners//
+
+const int true = 1; // logical true
+const int false= 0; // logical false
+const int none = -1;  // indicates nobody has a fork
+
+semaphore fork[number];
+//fork provides mutual exclusion on forks - only one diner can //
+//grab a fork at a time//
+
+int hasfork[number];
+//hasfork keeps a record of which diner currently has a particular fork//
+
+int dinerseaten[number];
+//records which diners have eaten so far//
+
+//YOU CAN ADD DECLARATIONS HERE//
+
+//**************************************************************//
+int left (int diner)
+//returns index of fork to the left of 'diner'//
+//DO NOT CHANGE THIS FUNCTION//
+{
+  return diner;
+} //left//
+
+int right (int diner) 
+//returns index of fork to the right of 'diner'//
+//DO NOT CHANGE THIS FUNCTION//
+{
+  if (diner < number-1 )
+    return (diner+1);
+    else return 0; //fork to right of last diner is #0//
+} //right//
+
+
+//**************************************************************//
+void initialize ()
+
+//YOU CAN ADD ANY INITIALIZATIONS HERE//
+{
+int count;
+  for (count=0; count<number; count++)
+  {
+    dinerseaten[count] = false;  //no diners have eaten yet//
+    hasfork[count] = none;         //nobody has forks yet//
+    initialsem(fork[count],1);   //only one diner per fork at once//
+    
+  } 
+} //initialize//
+
+
+
+//**************************************************************//
+void takefork(int forknum, int diner)
+//diner tries to take a fork, blocking until it is available//
+//mark which diner has the fork//
+//DO NOT CHANGE THIS PROCEDURE//
+
+{
+    p(fork[forknum]);
+    hasfork[forknum] = diner;
+} //takefork//
+
+//**************************************************************//
+void replacefork(int forknum, int diner)
+//diner replaces a fork after eating//
+//DO NOT CHANGE THIS PROCEDURE//
+
+{
+  //check if this diner really had this fork, if not complain//
+  if (hasfork[forknum] == diner) 
+  {
+    hasfork[forknum]  = none; //nobody has this fork now//
+    v(fork[forknum]); //signal that fork is available//
+  } else
+    cout << "ERROR:  Diner # " << diner <<
+            " did not have fork number" << forknum << endl;
+}  //replacefork//
+
+//**************************************************************//
+void  eat(int diner)
+// Checks that diner has correct forks to left and right //
+// Prints out message and sets 'dinerseaten' flag        //
+// DO NOT CHANGE THIS PROGRAM EXCEPT TO CHANGE OUTPUT //
+
+{
+  //now check diner has correct forks, and let him or her eat//
+  if ((hasfork[left(diner)] == diner) && 
+     (hasfork[right(diner)] == diner) )
+   {
+     cout << "Diner # " << diner << "has eaten "<< endl;
+     dinerseaten[diner] = true;
+   } else 
+     cout << "Diner # " << diner << " did not have correct forks" << endl;
+}  //eat//
+
+//**************************************************************//
+void  success ()
+//This procedure checks that all diners have eaten//
+// DO NOT CHANGE THIS PROGRAM EXCEPT TO CHANGE OUTPUT //
+{
+  int alldone;
+  int count;
+
+  alldone = true;
+  for (count=0; count<number; count++)
+    alldone = alldone && dinerseaten[count];
+  if (alldone) 
+    cout << "SUCCESS" << endl;
+  else
+    cout << "FAILURE" << endl;
+
+} //success//
+
+
+//**************************************************************//
+void dine(int diner)
+//This procedure is started concurrently for each diner //
+//This version of program occaisionally deadlocks       //
+
+{
+
+  takefork (left(diner), diner);
+  takefork(right(diner), diner);
+  eat(diner);
+  replacefork(left(diner), diner);
+  replacefork(right(diner), diner);
+} //dine//
+
+  
+//**************************************************************//
+// main program                                                 //
+// DO NOT CHANGE THIS PROGRAM EXCEPT TO CHANGE NUMBER OF DINERS //
+
+main ()
+{
+  initialize();
+  cobegin
+  { dine(0); 
+    dine(1);
+    dine(2);
+    dine(3);
+    dine(number-1);
+    //add/delete more lines if number of diners changes...//
+    //note baci can only handle about 10 threads at a time//
+  } 
+  success();
+
+}
+

projects/diners.html

@@ -0,0 +1,70 @@
+<HTML>
+<HEAD>
+
+<BR>
+
+Neil Bergmann at Queensland University of Technology, Australia 
+created this project. Thanks Neil! 
+
+<BR>
+<BR>
+<BR>
+
+<B>The Dining Philosophers </B>
+<p>
+This assignment deals with one of the famous problems in 
+resource allocation, deadlock and synchronization. 
+Copy a proposed solution to the Dining Philosopher's 
+problem, <tt>dine.cm</tt> (BACI C-- syntax) 
+from the common directory of larkspur. 
+Execute the program 50 times and record how often the
+philosophers eat and how often they deadlock. 
+(BACI prints out system diagnostics when it detects deadlock,
+i.e. when all threads in the system are blocked.)
+Identify the problem that exists in this solution to the
+Dining Philosophers, and fix the problem such
+that your solution is independent
+of the number of philosophers. Execute the program at least 
+50 times and confirm that deadlock doesn't occur in
+your solution.
+<p>
+Written deliverables:
+<OL>
+<LI> A listing of your revised code; highlight the parts of
+your revised code that are different from the original.
+<LI> A brief explanation of why the original program deadlocks, and also an
+explanation of how the diners sometime do manage to
+eat in this program.
+
+<LI> A brief explanation of how your solution corrects the 
+problem discussed in 2., emphasizing why
+your solution <i>never</i> deadlocks. 
+
+<LI> An illustration of the results from 50 executions (in a compact
+format!), 
+which shows that your solution never deadlocks. (You can add a
+for-loop to the main program outside the cobegin to help make this data
+collection easier.) 
+
+<LI> Show the results from your compact 50-executions 
+when you change your program to four
+dining philosophers and then to three dining philosophers. 
+The only parts of the code that should change for these different
+executions is the number of calls to <tt>dine()</tt> in the cobegin/coend
+block. 
+
+<LI> A brief explanation to the following three questions:
+<OL type=a>
+<LI> Is your algorithm robust against deadlock when the number of diners
+change? Explain. 
+<LI> Is your algorithm fair in the sense that every diner has a chance 
+to be the first to eat? Explain. 
+<LI> If diners took an hour to eat their spaghetti, what is
+the longest and shortest time that five diners would take to 
+eat using your algorithm? Explain. 
+</OL> 
+</OL>
+
+</BODY>
+</HTML>
+

projects/reader-writer.html

@@ -0,0 +1,102 @@
+<HTML>
+<HEAD>
+
+<B>Reader/Writer Problem with Writer Priority: </B>
+<p>
+Using <I>general</I> semaphores, create a solution to the
+reader/writer problem such that writers have priority over
+readers. When writers have priority, the following rules
+exist: 
+<UL>
+<LI> A reader can read the shared file (e.g., database) 
+    only when there are NO active or waiting writers. 
+<LI> A writer can only write to the shared file when the
+writer is given mutually exclusive access to the file. 
+<LI> Multiple readers can read the shared file concurrently, 
+if the above rules are followed.
+</UL> 
+
+<p> 
+Your BACI program should consist of the following three procedures:
+<OL> 
+<LI> Coordinator: This procedure should be executed before any readers or
+writers are executed, and should be used to initialize the semaphores 
+and any other global variables that require initialization. 
+<LI> Reader(int reader): Multiple copies of this procedure may be executed 
+from the cobegin/coend block; reader is the id of this particular reader. 
+<LI> Writer(int writer): Multiple copies of this 
+procedure may also be executed from the cobegin/coend block; writer
+is the id of this particular writer. 
+</OL> 
+
+<P>
+Use two global declarations to declare the number of readers/writers
+in the system: 
+<center>
+const int Rnumber= 5; //number of readers// <BR> 
+const int Wnumber= 3; //number of writers//
+</center>
+If the above number of readers/writers are defined, then main() will 
+be: <BR> 
+&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
+main() { <BR> 
+&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
+      Coordinator; <BR> 
+&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
+      cobegin { <BR> 
+&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
+          Reader(0); <BR> 
+&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
+          Reader(1); <BR> 
+&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
+          Reader(2); <BR> 
+&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
+          Reader(3); <BR> 
+&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
+          Reader(Rnumber-1); <BR> 
+&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
+          Writer(0); <BR> 
+&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
+          Writer(1); <BR> 
+&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
+          Writer(Wnumber-1); <BR> 
+&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
+    //add-delete lines when the number of readers or writers change. <BR> 
+&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
+    //NOTE: BACI can only handle about 10 threads at a time <BR> 
+&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
+      } <BR>  
+&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
+} <BR> 
+
+<p>
+In both the Reader and Writer procedures, during the actual 
+reading/writing phase of the shared file, have a for loop of length 
+three that prints to stdout "... reading is performed by process I ..." (or 
+"... writing is performed by process J ..."), where I/J is the id value 
+of the reader/writer.
+In addition, both the Reader and Writer procedures should print a 
+message to stdout just before they perform a P() or V() operation on 
+any of the semaphores. In the message, each thread must identify itself
+as a reader or a writer, the id of the reader/writer, the name of
+the semaphore variable upon which it is operating, and the value
+of the semaphore variable at that time. 
+
+<P> 
+Written deliverables:
+<OL>
+<LI> A listing of your code (*.lst). 
+<LI> The results from executing your program with the following 
+number of readers/writers:
+<OL type=a> 
+<LI> Rnumber= 5 and Wnumber= 3
+<LI> Rnumber= 6 and Wnumber= 1
+<LI> Rnumber= 1 and Wnumber= 6 
+</OL> 
+<LI> A brief explanation of how your solution gives writer
+priority. 
+</OL>
+
+</BODY>
+</HTML>
+

projects/synch-prims.tex

@@ -0,0 +1,76 @@
+% HOMEWORK #2
+% re: processes 
+%
+\documentstyle[11pt,fullpage]{article}
+\pagestyle{empty}
+\begin{document}
+
+\begin{center}
+{\large\bf BACI Projects for an OS Course} 
+\end{center}
+
+\begin{enumerate}
+\item {\small\bf Implementation of Machine Instructions:} 
+Implement the exchange instruction in the text. 
+The implementation of this instruction should be 
+based on an ATOMIC function which returns a BOOLEAN value. You 
+should test your implementation of the machine instruction by building 
+a mutual exclusion protocol on top of your low-level operation. 
+
+\item {\small\bf Implementation of Fair Semaphores (FIFO):} 
+The default semaphore in BACI is implemented with 
+a random wake up order. For non-terminating processes, 
+this random behavior allows the possibility of starvation. 
+A fair semaphore implementation, on the other hand, 
+has a FIFO wake up order. Implement semaphores with this FIFO wake up
+order. Allow users to define a semaphore as a CONST value in the range
+[1..13]. This CONST value should be used as a tag for access to a 
+semaphore and its corresponding variables. 
+At least four procedures will be required in your 
+implementation:
+\begin{itemize}
+\item PROCEDURE {\tt Create\_Semaphores}(); \\
+You should place your initialization code here. 
+\item PROCEDURE {\tt Init\_Semaphore}({\it sem\_index} : INTEGER; 
+                {\it val} : INTEGER); \\
+In this procedure, you should initialize the semaphore represented by {\it
+sem\_index}. As in the given
+BACI semaphore implementation, 
+your FIFO semaphore implementation should not allow the use of a
+semaphore unless it has been initialized. 
+\item PROCEDURE {\tt FIFO\_P}({\it sem\_index} : INTEGER); \\
+This procedure should include the ATOMIC compare-and-swap
+operation implemented above. If a calling process needs to be put to
+sleep, use the SUSPEND operation. The WHICH\_PROC command 
+helps keep track of sleeping processes.  
+\item PROCEDURE {\tt FIFO\_V}({\it sem\_index} : INTEGER); \\
+This procedure should REVIVE a process waiting on the 
+semaphore represented by {\it sem\_index} 
+in a FIFO basis. If no such semaphore exists, this procedure should
+increment the value associated with the semaphore. Again, use the
+ATOMIC compare-and-swap operation to obtain mutual exclusive access to
+variables associated with this semaphore. 
+\end{itemize}
+Bear in mind that this code should be written as a system
+implementation 
+and, as such, should handle all possible errors. You are 
+responsible for producing code which is robust in the presence of
+ignorant, stupid, or even malicious use by the user community. 
+Lastly, full credit will not be received if your solution has 
+non-required waiting. 
+
+\item {\small\bf Implementation of Unfair Semaphores:} 
+Assume that the semaphore operation given in BACI does not exist. 
+Implement semaphores based on Dijkstra's original proposal by
+randomly choosing which process to wake up when a signal occurs
+(E. Dijkstra, ``Hierarchical ordering of sequential 
+processes,'' {\em
+Acta Informatica}, vol. 1, no. 2, pp. 115--138, 1971.) 
+The RANDOM(INTEGER) command returns a random
+number in the range [0..(INTEGER-1)]. 
+Follow the information in the fair semaphores implementation project on the
+minimal number of
+procedures required for this implementation. 
+\end{enumerate} 
+
+\end{document}

projects/threads.html

@@ -0,0 +1,37 @@
+<HTML>
+<HEAD>
+
+<BR>
+
+Neil Bergmann at Queensland University of Technology, Australia 
+created this project. Thanks Neil! 
+
+<BR>
+<BR>
+<BR>
+
+<B>Concurrent threads:</B>
+<p>
+See the program <tt>add.cm</tt> (BACI C-- syntax). 
+This program 
+is a concurrent BACI program to add the first 100
+integers using 10 concurrent threads. Using BACI, execute
+this program 20 times and record the results. Identify the
+problem(s) that exists in this example BACI program, and
+correct the problem by adding appropriate additional code.
+(You are not allowed to delete, replace, or modify existing 
+code in the example program.) 
+<p>
+Written deliverables:
+<OL>
+<LI> A listing of your revised code; highlight the parts of
+your revised code that are different from the original.
+<LI> A brief explanation of why the original program 
+gives incorrect results. 
+<LI> A brief explanation of how your solution corrects this. (What is the
+correct answer?)
+</OL>
+
+</BODY>
+</HTML>
+

projects/timeticks.tex

@@ -0,0 +1,54 @@
+% HOMEWORK #2
+% re: processes 
+%
+\documentstyle[12pt,fullpage]{article}
+\pagestyle{empty}
+\begin{document}
+
+\begin{center}
+{\large\bf BACI Project for an OS Course} 
+\end{center}
+
+\vspace*{0.3in} 
+
+This is problem 6.16 on page 213 of the textbook, made specific
+to Ben-Ari Concurrent Pascal. Write a program containing a monitor
+{\bf AlarmClock}. The monitor must have an integer variable {\bf
+theClock} (initialization to zero) and two procedures: 
+\begin{itemize}
+\item PROCEDURE {\bf Tick}; \\
+increments {\bf theClock} each time that it is called. It can do other
+things, like SIGNALC, if needed, but no WAITCs.
+\item PROCEDURE {\bf Alarm}({\bf id} : INTEGER; {\bf delta} : INTEGER); \\
+blocks caller having identifier {\bf id} for at least {\bf delta}
+ticks of {\bf theClock}. 
+\end{itemize}
+You may endow the monitor with any other variables that it needs. The
+monitor should be able to accommodate up to 5 simultaneous alarms. 
+
+The main program should have two procedures outside of the monitor:
+\begin{itemize}
+\item PROCEDURE {\bf Ticker}; \\
+calls {\bf Tick} in a repeat-forever loop.
+\item PROCEDURE {\bf Thread}({\bf id} : INTEGER; {\bf myDelta} : INTEGER); \\
+calls {\bf Alarm} in a repeat-forever loop. 
+\end{itemize}
+
+The main program cannot have any variables. The main program should
+start 4 concurrent threads: {\bf Thread(100,3)}, 
+{\bf Thread(200,7)}, 
+{\bf Thread(300,10)}, and 
+{\bf Ticker}. Output should occur for each of the following events:
+\begin{enumerate}
+\item At each clock tick, show the values of {\bf theClock}. 
+\item When any thread either waits or reawakens from a wait, show the
+id of the thread, the name of the condition on which it is waiting,
+and the time ({\bf theClock}) at which the wait occurs. 
+\item When a condition is signalled, show the name of the condition
+being signalled and the time at which the signal occurs. 
+\end{enumerate}
+Hand in a listing of the program and output showing each
+{\bf Thread} copy enduring at least one alarm cycle. You may find the
+{\bf tee} command helpful in this regard. 
+
+\end{document}