references for Chevalley Weil; H1 and H2 of G for elementary
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\begin{thebibliography}{10}
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\bibitem{Alperin_local_rep}
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J.~L. Alperin.
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\newblock {\em Local representation theory}, volume~11 of {\em Cambridge
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Studies in Advanced Mathematics}.
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\newblock Cambridge University Press, Cambridge, 1986.
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\newblock Modular representations as an introduction to the local
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representation theory of finite groups.
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\bibitem{Bleher_Camacho_Holomorphic_differentials}
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F.~M. Bleher and N.~Camacho.
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\newblock Holomorphic differentials of {K}lein four covers.
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\newblock {\em J. Pure Appl. Algebra}, 227(10):Paper No. 107384, 27, 2023.
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\bibitem{Bleher_Chinburg_Kontogeorgis_Galois_structure}
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F.~M. Bleher, T.~Chinburg, and A.~Kontogeorgis.
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\newblock Galois structure of the holomorphic differentials of curves.
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\newblock {\em J. Number Theory}, 216:1--68, 2020.
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\bibitem{Borevic_Faddeev}
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Z.~I. {Borevi\v{c}} and D.~K. Faddeev.
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\newblock Theory of homology in groups. {II}. {P}rojective resolutions of
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finite groups.
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\newblock {\em Vestnik Leningrad. Univ.}, 14(7):72--87, 1959.
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\bibitem{Chevalley_Weil_Uber_verhalten}
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C.~Chevalley, A.~Weil, and E.~Hecke.
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\newblock \"{U}ber das verhalten der integrale 1. gattung bei automorphismen
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des funktionenk\"{o}rpers.
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\newblock {\em Abh. Math. Sem. Univ. Hamburg}, 10(1):358--361, 1934.
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\bibitem{Curtis_Reiner_Methods_II}
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C.~W. Curtis and I.~Reiner.
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\newblock {\em Methods of representation theory. {V}ol. {II}}.
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\newblock Pure and Applied Mathematics (New York). John Wiley \& Sons, Inc.,
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New York, 1987.
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\newblock With applications to finite groups and orders, A Wiley-Interscience
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Publication.
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\bibitem{Dummigan_99}
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N.~Dummigan.
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\newblock Complete {$p$}-descent for {J}acobians of {H}ermitian curves.
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\newblock {\em Compositio Math.}, 119(2):111--132, 1999.
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\bibitem{Garnek_equivariant}
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J.~Garnek.
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\newblock Equivariant splitting of the {H}odge-de {R}ham exact sequence.
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\newblock {\em Math. Z.}, 300(2):1917--1938, 2022.
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\bibitem{Garnek_p_gp_covers}
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J.~Garnek.
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\newblock {$p$}-group {G}alois covers of curves in characteristic {$p$}.
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\newblock {\em Trans. Amer. Math. Soc.}, 376(8):5857--5897, 2023.
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\bibitem{Garnek_p_gp_covers_ii}
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J.~Garnek.
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\newblock $p$-group {G}alois covers of curves in characteristic $p$ {II}, 2023.
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\bibitem{garnek_indecomposables}
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J.~Garnek.
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\newblock Indecomposable direct summands of cohomologies of curves, 2024.
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\newblock arXiv 2410.03319.
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\bibitem{Gross_Rigid_local_systems_Gm}
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B.~H. Gross.
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\newblock Rigid local systems on {$\Bbb G_m$} with finite monodromy.
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\newblock {\em Adv. Math.}, 224(6):2531--2543, 2010.
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\bibitem{Hartshorne1977}
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R.~Hartshorne.
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\newblock {\em {Algebraic geometry}}.
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\newblock Springer-Verlag, New York-Heidelberg, 1977.
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\newblock Graduate Texts in Mathematics, No. 52.
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\bibitem{Heller_Reiner_Reps_in_integers_I}
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A.~Heller and I.~Reiner.
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\newblock Representations of cyclic groups in rings of integers. {I}.
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\newblock {\em Ann. of Math. (2)}, 76:73--92, 1962.
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\bibitem{Higman}
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D.~G. Higman.
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\newblock Indecomposable representations at characteristic {$p$}.
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\newblock {\em Duke Math. J.}, 21:377--381, 1954.
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\bibitem{laurent_kock_drinfeld}
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L.~Laurent and B.~K{\"{o}}ck.
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\newblock The canonical representation of the drinfeld curve.
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\newblock {\em Mathematische Nachrichten}, online first, 2024.
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\bibitem{Lusztig_Coxeter_orbits}
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G.~Lusztig.
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\newblock Coxeter orbits and eigenspaces of {F}robenius.
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\newblock {\em Invent. Math.}, 38(2):101--159, 1976/77.
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\bibitem{WardMarques_HoloDiffs}
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S.~Marques and K.~Ward.
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\newblock Holomorphic differentials of certain solvable covers of the
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projective line over a perfect field.
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\newblock {\em Math. Nachr.}, 291(13):2057--2083, 2018.
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\bibitem{Prest}
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M.~Prest.
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\newblock Wild representation type and undecidability.
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\newblock {\em Comm. Algebra}, 19(3):919--929, 1991.
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\bibitem{Serre1979}
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J.-P. Serre.
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\newblock {\em {Local fields}}, volume~67 of {\em {Graduate Texts in
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Mathematics}}.
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\newblock Springer-Verlag, New York-Berlin, 1979.
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\newblock Translated from the French by Marvin Jay Greenberg.
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\bibitem{Steinberg_Representation_book}
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B.~Steinberg.
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\newblock {\em Representation theory of finite groups}.
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\newblock Universitext. Springer, New York, 2012.
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\newblock An introductory approach.
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\bibitem{Valentini_Madan_Automorphisms}
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R.~C. Valentini and M.~L. Madan.
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\newblock Automorphisms and holomorphic differentials in characteristic~{$p$}.
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\newblock {\em J. Number Theory}, 13(1):106--115, 1981.
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\end{thebibliography}
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\def\cprime{$'$}
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\begin{thebibliography}{10}
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\bibitem{MR2035696}
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Alejandro Adem and R.~James Milgram.
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\newblock {\em Cohomology of finite groups}, volume 309 of {\em Grundlehren der mathematischen Wissenschaften [Fundamental Principles of Mathematical Sciences]}.
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\newblock Springer-Verlag, Berlin, second edition, 2004.
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\bibitem{Alperin_local_rep}
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J.~L. Alperin.
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\newblock {\em Local representation theory}, volume~11 of {\em Cambridge Studies in Advanced Mathematics}.
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\newblock Cambridge University Press, Cambridge, 1986.
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\newblock Modular representations as an introduction to the local representation theory of finite groups.
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\bibitem{Bleher_Camacho_Holomorphic_differentials}
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F.~M. Bleher and N.~Camacho.
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\newblock Holomorphic differentials of {K}lein four covers.
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\newblock {\em J. Pure Appl. Algebra}, 227(10):Paper No. 107384, 27, 2023.
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\bibitem{Bleher_Chinburg_Kontogeorgis_Galois_structure}
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F.~M. Bleher, T.~Chinburg, and A.~Kontogeorgis.
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\newblock Galois structure of the holomorphic differentials of curves.
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\newblock {\em J. Number Theory}, 216:1--68, 2020.
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\bibitem{Borevic_Faddeev}
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Z.~I. {Borevi\v{c}} and D.~K. Faddeev.
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\newblock Theory of homology in groups. {II}. {P}rojective resolutions of finite groups.
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\newblock {\em Vestnik Leningrad. Univ.}, 14(7):72--87, 1959.
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\bibitem{Chevalley_Weil_Uber_verhalten}
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C.~Chevalley, A.~Weil, and E.~Hecke.
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\newblock \"{U}ber das verhalten der integrale 1. gattung bei automorphismen des funktionenk\"{o}rpers.
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\newblock {\em Abh. Math. Sem. Univ. Hamburg}, 10(1):358--361, 1934.
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\bibitem{Curtis_Reiner_Methods_II}
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C.~W. Curtis and I.~Reiner.
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\newblock {\em Methods of representation theory. {V}ol. {II}}.
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\newblock Pure and Applied Mathematics (New York). John Wiley \& Sons, Inc., New York, 1987.
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\newblock With applications to finite groups and orders, A Wiley-Interscience Publication.
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\bibitem{Dummigan_99}
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N.~Dummigan.
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\newblock Complete {$p$}-descent for {J}acobians of {H}ermitian curves.
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\newblock {\em Compositio Math.}, 119(2):111--132, 1999.
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\bibitem{Ellingsrud_Lonsted_Equivariant_Lefschetz}
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G.~Ellingsrud and K.~L\o~nsted.
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\newblock An equivariant {L}efschetz formula for finite reductive groups.
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\newblock {\em Math. Ann.}, 251(3):253--261, 1980.
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\bibitem{Garnek_equivariant}
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J.~Garnek.
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\newblock Equivariant splitting of the {H}odge-de {R}ham exact sequence.
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\newblock {\em Math. Z.}, 300(2):1917--1938, 2022.
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\bibitem{Garnek_p_gp_covers}
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J.~Garnek.
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\newblock {$p$}-group {G}alois covers of curves in characteristic {$p$}.
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\newblock {\em Trans. Amer. Math. Soc.}, 376(8):5857--5897, 2023.
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\bibitem{Garnek_p_gp_covers_ii}
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J.~Garnek.
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\newblock $p$-group {G}alois covers of curves in characteristic $p$ {II}, 2023.
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\bibitem{garnek_indecomposables}
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J.~Garnek.
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\newblock Indecomposable direct summands of cohomologies of curves, 2024.
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\newblock arXiv 2410.03319.
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\bibitem{Gross_Rigid_local_systems_Gm}
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B.~H. Gross.
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\newblock Rigid local systems on {$\Bbb G_m$} with finite monodromy.
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\newblock {\em Adv. Math.}, 224(6):2531--2543, 2010.
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\bibitem{Hartshorne1977}
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R.~Hartshorne.
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\newblock {\em {Algebraic geometry}}.
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\newblock Springer-Verlag, New York-Heidelberg, 1977.
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\newblock Graduate Texts in Mathematics, No. 52.
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\bibitem{Heller_Reiner_Reps_in_integers_I}
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A.~Heller and I.~Reiner.
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\newblock Representations of cyclic groups in rings of integers. {I}.
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\newblock {\em Ann. of Math. (2)}, 76:73--92, 1962.
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\bibitem{Higman}
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D.~G. Higman.
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\newblock Indecomposable representations at characteristic {$p$}.
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\newblock {\em Duke Math. J.}, 21:377--381, 1954.
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\bibitem{laurent_kock_drinfeld}
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L.~Laurent and B.~K{\"{o}}ck.
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\newblock The canonical representation of the drinfeld curve.
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\newblock {\em Mathematische Nachrichten}, online first, 2024.
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\bibitem{Lusztig_Coxeter_orbits}
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G.~Lusztig.
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\newblock Coxeter orbits and eigenspaces of {F}robenius.
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\newblock {\em Invent. Math.}, 38(2):101--159, 1976/77.
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\bibitem{WardMarques_HoloDiffs}
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S.~Marques and K.~Ward.
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\newblock Holomorphic differentials of certain solvable covers of the projective line over a perfect field.
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\newblock {\em Math. Nachr.}, 291(13):2057--2083, 2018.
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\bibitem{Prest}
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M.~Prest.
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\newblock Wild representation type and undecidability.
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\newblock {\em Comm. Algebra}, 19(3):919--929, 1991.
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\bibitem{Serre1979}
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J.-P. Serre.
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\newblock {\em {Local fields}}, volume~67 of {\em {Graduate Texts in Mathematics}}.
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\newblock Springer-Verlag, New York-Berlin, 1979.
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\newblock Translated from the French by Marvin Jay Greenberg.
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\bibitem{Steinberg_Representation_book}
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B.~Steinberg.
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\newblock {\em Representation theory of finite groups}.
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\newblock Universitext. Springer, New York, 2012.
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\newblock An introductory approach.
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\bibitem{Valentini_Madan_Automorphisms}
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R.~C. Valentini and M.~L. Madan.
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\newblock Automorphisms and holomorphic differentials in characteristic~{$p$}.
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\newblock {\em J. Number Theory}, 13(1):106--115, 1981.
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\bibitem{Weibel}
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Ch.~A. Weibel.
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\newblock {\em An introduction to homological algebra}, volume~38 of {\em Cambridge Studies in Advanced Mathematics}.
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\newblock Cambridge University Press, Cambridge, 1994.
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\end{thebibliography}
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@ -132,14 +132,21 @@ hyperref, bbm, mathtools, mathrsfs}
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%
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\section{Introduction}
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%
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The classical Chevalley--Weil formula (cf. \cite{Chevalley_Weil_Uber_verhalten}) gives an explicit description
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The classical Chevalley--Weil formula
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(cf. \cite{Chevalley_Weil_Uber_verhalten},
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{\color{red}
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\cite{Ellingsrud_Lonsted_Equivariant_Lefschetz})
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}
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gives an explicit description
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of the equivariant structure of the cohomology of a curve $X$ with a group action over a field of characteristic~$0$. Their formula depends on the so-called \emph{fundamental characters} of points $x \in X$ that are ramified in the cover $X \to X/G$. ????
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It is hard to expect such a formula over fields of characteristic~$p$.
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Indeed, if $G$ is a finite group with a non-cyclic $p$-Sylow subgroup, the set of indecomposable $k[G]$-modules is infinite. If, moreover, $p > 2$ then the indecomposable $k[G]$-modules are considered impossible to classify (cf. \cite{Prest}). There are many results concerning equivariant structure of cohomologies for particular groups
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(see e.g.~\cite{Valentini_Madan_Automorphisms} for the case of cyclic groups, \cite{WardMarques_HoloDiffs} for abelian groups, \cite{Bleher_Chinburg_Kontogeorgis_Galois_structure} for groups with a cyclic Sylow subgroup, or \cite{Bleher_Camacho_Holomorphic_differentials} for the Klein group) or curves (cf. \cite{Lusztig_Coxeter_orbits}, \cite{Dummigan_99}, \cite{Gross_Rigid_local_systems_Gm}, \cite{laurent_kock_drinfeld}). Also, one may expect that that (at least in the case of $p$-groups) determining cohomologies comes down to Harbater--Katz--Gabber covers (cf. \cite{Garnek_p_gp_covers}, \cite{Garnek_p_gp_covers_ii}). However, there is no hope of obtaining a result similar to the one of Chevalley and Weil.\\
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This brings attention to groups with cyclic $p$-Sylow subgroup. For those, the set of indecomposable modules is finite (cf. \cite{Higman}, \cite{Borevic_Faddeev}, \cite{Heller_Reiner_Reps_in_integers_I}). While their representation theory still
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This brings attention to groups with cyclic $p$-Sylow subgroup. For those, the set of
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{\color{red} equivalence classes of }
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indecomposable modules is finite (cf. \cite{Higman}, \cite{Borevic_Faddeev}, \cite{Heller_Reiner_Reps_in_integers_I}). While their representation theory still
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seems a bit too complicated to derive a general formula for the cohomologies,
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the article~\cite{Bleher_Chinburg_Kontogeorgis_Galois_structure} proved that
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the $k[G]$-module structure of $H^0(X, \Omega_X)$ is determined by the higher ramification data (i.e. higher ramification groups and the fundamental characters of the ramification locus). The main result of this article is a similar statement for the de Rham cohomology.
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@ -148,7 +155,7 @@ the $k[G]$-module structure of $H^0(X, \Omega_X)$ is determined by the higher ra
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Suppose that $G$ is a group with a $p$-cyclic Sylow subgroup.
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Let $X$ be a curve with an action of~$G$ over a field $k$ of characteristic $p$.
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The $k[G]$-module structure of $H^1_{dR}(X)$ is uniquely determined by the
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higher ramification data of the cover $X \to X/G$ and the genus of $X/G$. ??genus of X/G??
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higher ramification data of the cover $X \to X/G$ and the genus of $X$.
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\end{mainthm}
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%
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Note that if $p > 2$ and the $p$-Sylow subgroup of $G$ is not cyclic, the structure
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@ -223,7 +230,9 @@ For any $k[H]$-module $M$ denote:
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T^i M &= T^i_H M := M^{(i)}/M^{(i-1)} \quad \textrm{ for } i = 1, \ldots, p^n.
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\end{align*}
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%
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Recall that $\dim_k T^i M$ determines the structure of $M$ completely (see \cite[p. 108]{Valentini_Madan_Automorphisms} -- they give the argument for $M := H^0(X, \Omega_X)$,
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Recall that $\dim_k T^i M$,
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{\color{red} for $i=1, \ldots,p^n$}
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determines the structure of $M$ completely (see \cite[p. 108]{Valentini_Madan_Automorphisms} -- they give the argument for $M := H^0(X, \Omega_X)$,
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but it works for an arbitrary module).
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Moreover, for $i > 0$:
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%
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@ -284,8 +293,23 @@ and $\mc T^i M := T^i_{H'} M$ for any $k[H']$-module $M$.
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= 2g_Y - \dim_k H^1(G, k) + \dim_k H^2(G, k).
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\end{align*}
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%
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Finally, note that if $G$ is cyclic then $\dim_k H^1(G, k) = \dim_k H^2(G, k)$ by ????.
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Finally, note that if $G$ is cyclic then $\dim_k H^1(G, k) = \dim_k H^2(G, k)$ by
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{\color{red}
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\cite[th. 6.2.2]{Weibel}.
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}
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\end{proof}
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{\color{red}
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\begin{Remark}
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The equality $\dim_k H^1(G, k) = \dim_k H^2(G, k)$ does not hold for non-cyclic groups. For example it is known \cite[cor. II.4.3,th. II.4.4]{MR2035696} that the cohomological ring for the elementary abelian group $\mathbb{F}_p^s$ is given by
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\[
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H^* (G, \mathbb{F}_p)=
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\begin{cases}
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\mathbb{F}_2[x_1, \ldots,x_s] & \text{ if } p=2 \\
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\wedge(x_{1}, \ldots, x_s) \otimes \mathbb{F}_p[x_1, \ldots,x_s] & \text{ if } p>2
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\end{cases}
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\]
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\end{Remark}
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}
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%
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\begin{Lemma} \label{lem:trace_surjective}
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Suppose that $G$ is a $p$-group.
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@ -799,5 +823,7 @@ Basis of holomorphic differentials:
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}
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\bibliography{bibliografia}
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\bibliography{bibliografia,AKGeneral}
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%
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% \bibliography{AKGeneral}
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\end{document}
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