%% International Journal of Computational Intelligence Systems ---
%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%
%\documentclass[11pt,twoside]{article}
\usepackage{amsmath,amssymb,amsfonts}
\usepackage{multicol,multirow,array,psfig,epsf}
\usepackage{epic,eepic,ecltree}
\usepackage[pdftex,dvips]{graphicx}
%\usepackage{pstricks,pstricks-add,pst-all,pst-transform,colortbl,float,longtable}
\usepackage{enumerate}
\usepackage{ifthen}
\usepackage{mathptmx}
%\usepackage{helvet}%\usepackage{fourier}%\usepackage{lucida}
\usepackage{lastpage}
\usepackage{url}
\usepackage[sf,sl,outermarks]{titlesec}
%\usepackage{ukdate}
\columnsep1.15cm  %MEANS GUTTER SPACE BET. TWO COLS.
%--------------------------------------
%===========================================================
%                       Mise en page
%===========================================================
\newcommand{\toappear}[1]{\setcounter{page}{#1}}
\newdimen\mathindent            % Pour ne pas utiliser fleqn.sty
\newdimen\@bls                  % \@b(ase)l(ine)s(kip)
\@bls=\baselineskip             % \@bls ~= \baselineskip for \normalsize
\advance\@bls -1ex              % (fudge term)
\newdimen\@eps                  %
\@eps=0.0001pt                  % \eps = very small positive quantity

%===========================================================
%                               TITRE
%===========================================================
\def\labart#1{\@labart{#1}}
\def\Vol#1{\def\@Vol{#1}}
\def\Issue#1{\def\@Issue{#1}}
\def\Month#1{\def\@Month{#1}}
\def\Year#1{\def\@Year{#1}}
%\def\received#1{\def\@received{#1}}
%\def\revised#1{\def\@revised{#1}}
%\def\email#1{\def\@email{#1}}
%\def\shortauthors#1{\def\@shortauthors{#1}}
%\def\shorttitle#1{\def\@shorttitle{#1}}
\def\addresses#1{\def\@addresses{#1}}
\newcommand{\shorttitle}[1]{\newcommand{\@shorttitle}{#1}}
%--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
\def\@shortauthors{\@authors\@andorcomma\relax\@andorcomma\relax}
\def\shortauthors#1{\def\@shortauthors{#1}}
%
\def\@andorcomma#1#2\@andorcomma#3{%
  \ifx#3\relax
    \ifx#1\relax%
      \let\@tempa\relax
    \else
    \def\@tempa{\space\andname\space #2\@gobbletwo}%
    \fi
  \else
    \def\@tempa{#1 #2\@andorcomma#3}%
  \fi
  \@tempa}

\def\thanks#1{%
  \g@addto@macro\@thanks{\footnotetext{#1}}}
\let\@thanks\@empty
%
%----------------------------------------------------------------------------------
%
\renewcommand{\maketitle}{\begingroup        % Initialize generation of front-matter
    \let\thanks\@gobble
    \def\thefootnote{\fnsymbol{footnote}}%
    \newpage \global\@topnum\z@
    \@maketitle %\thispagestyle{crcplain}
    \@thanks
  \endgroup
  \let\maketitle\relax \let\@maketitle\relax
  \gdef\@thanks{}\let\thanks\relax
  \gdef\@address{}\gdef\@author{}\gdef\@title{}\gdef\@email{}
  \let\address\relax}


\def\@maketitle{\null             % Actual formatting of \maketitle
  \markboth{\@shortauthors}{\@shorttitle}
  \textlineskip
  %\copyrightheading{Vol.~\@Vol, No.~\@Issue\ (\@Month, \@Year) \pageref{\labart-FirstPage}--\pageref{\labart-LastPage}}
  %\vspace*{.9truein}
  \vskip 2ex                     % Vertical space above title.
  \centering % \raggedright       % Front-matter text is ragged right
  \hyphenpenalty\@M               % and is not hyphenated.
  {\bfseries\Large\@title\par     % Title set in larger font.
  \vspace*{0.2truein}
  \vskip\@bls                     % One line of vertical space after title.
  \normalsize\@author\par}        % each author set in the normal typeface size
  \vskip\@bls                     % One line of vertical space after author.
  {\itshape\@addresses\par}       % all addresses
  \vspace*{0.2truein}
  \normalsize \baselineskip=10pt\small
  \vspace*{0.6truein}
  %\@received\par\@revised\par
  %\vspace*{0.15truein}
  }

\newcounter{address}
\def\theaddress{\alph{address}}
\def\@makeadmark#1{\hbox{$^{\text{#1}}$}}

\def\address#1{\begingroup
  \xdef\@tempa{\theaddress}\let\\=\relax
  \def\protect{\noexpand\protect\noexpand}\xdef\@address{\@address
  \protect\addresstext{#1}}\endgroup}
\def\@address{}

\def\twoaddress#1{\addressmark\begingroup
  \xdef\@tempa{\theaddress}\let\\=\relax
  \def\protect{\noexpand\protect\noexpand}\xdef\@address{\@address
  \protect\twoaddresstext{\@tempa}{#1}}\endgroup}
\def\@address{}

\def\addressmark{\stepcounter{address}%
  \xdef\@tempa{\theaddress}\@makeadmark{\@tempa}}

\def\addresstext#1{\leavevmode \begingroup
  %\raggedright
  \centering \hyphenpenalty\@M #1\par \endgroup
  \vskip\@bls}

\def\twoaddresstext#1#2{\leavevmode \begingroup
  %\raggedright
  \centering \hyphenpenalty\@M \@makeadmark{#1}#2\par \endgroup
  \vskip\@bls}
%===========================================================
%                               Fin Titre
%===========================================================
%------------------------ NEW ADDITIONS TO EXISTING ARTICLE.STY -----------------
\catcode`\@=11
\long\def\@makefntext#1{
\protect\noindent \hbox to 3.2pt {\hskip-.9pt
$^{{\footnotesize\@thefnmark}}$\hfil}#1\hfill}      %CAN BE USED

\def\thefootnote{\fnsymbol{footnote}}
\def\@makefnmark{\hbox to 0pt{$^{\@thefnmark}$\hss}}    %ORIGINAL

%%FOR RHS WITHOUT PAGE NUMBERS ON SECOND PAGE ONWARDS
\def\ps@myheadings{%
    \let\@oddfoot\@empty\let\@evenfoot\@empty
    \def\@evenhead{%\thepage\qquad
    {\footnotesize\it\leftmark}\hfil}%      %EVEN PAGE
    \def\@oddhead{\hfil{\footnotesize\it\rightmark}%\qquad\thepage
    }%    %ODD PAGE
    \let\@mkboth\@gobbletwo
    \let\sectionmark\@gobble
    \let\subsectionmark\@gobble
    }

\oddsidemargin=\evensidemargin
%\addtolength{\oddsidemargin}{-30pt}
%\addtolength{\evensidemargin}{-30pt}
\addtolength{\oddsidemargin}{-40pt}
\addtolength{\evensidemargin}{-40pt}
\headsep=19pt

%---------------------------------------------------------------------------
\newcommand{\symbolfootnote}{\renewcommand{\thefootnote}
    {\fnsymbol{footnote}}}
\renewcommand{\thefootnote}{\fnsymbol{footnote}}
\newcommand{\alphfootnote}
    {\setcounter{footnote}{0}
     \renewcommand{\thefootnote}{\ninerm\alph{footnote}}}

%---------------------------------------------------------------------------
% Redefine section, subsection numbering:
%---------------------------------------------------------------------------
\renewcommand\thesection{\arabic{section}}
\renewcommand\thesubsection{\thesection.\arabic{subsection}}
\renewcommand\thesubsubsection{\thesubsection.\arabic{subsubsection}}

\titleformat{\section}%[block]
        {\raggedright\normalfont\bfseries}{\thesection.}{1em}{}
\titleformat{\subsection}%[block]
        {\raggedright\normalfont\bfseries\itshape}{\thesubsection.}{0.9em}{}
\titleformat{\subsubsection}%[block]
        {\raggedright\normalfont\itshape}{\thesubsubsection.}{0.8em}{}


%---------------------------------------------------------------------------
%NEW MACRO TO HANDLE APPENDICES
\newcounter{appendixc}
\newcounter{subappendixc}[appendixc]
\newcounter{subsubappendixc}[subappendixc]
\renewcommand{\thesubappendixc}{\Alph{appendixc}.\arabic{subappendixc}}
\renewcommand{\thesubsubappendixc}
    {\Alph{appendixc}.\arabic{subappendixc}.\arabic{subsubappendixc}}

\renewcommand{\appendix}[1] {\vspace{14pt}
        \refstepcounter{appendixc}
        \setcounter{section}{0}
        \setcounter{figure}{0}
        \setcounter{table}{0}
        \setcounter{lemma}{0}
        \setcounter{theorem}{0}
        \setcounter{corollary}{0}
        \setcounter{equation}{0}
        \renewcommand{\thesection}{\Alph{appendixc}.\arabic{section}}
        \renewcommand{\thefigure}{\Alph{appendixc}.\arabic{figure}}
        \renewcommand{\thetable}{\Alph{appendixc}.\arabic{table}}
        \renewcommand{\theappendixc}{\Alph{appendixc}}
        \renewcommand{\thelemma}{\Alph{appendixc}.\arabic{lemma}}
        \renewcommand{\thetheorem}{\Alph{appendixc}.\arabic{theorem}}
        %\renewcommand{\thedefinition}{\Alph{appendixc}.\arabic{definition}}
        \renewcommand{\thecorollary}{\Alph{appendixc}.\arabic{corollary}}
        \renewcommand{\theequation}{\Alph{appendixc}.\arabic{equation}}
        %\noindent{\bf Appendix \theappendixc. #1}\par\vspace{5pt}}
        \noindent{\bfseries Appendix \theappendixc \quad #1}\par\vspace{5pt}}
\newcommand{\subappendix}[1] {\vspace{14pt}
        \refstepcounter{subappendixc}
        \noindent{\bfseries Appendix \thesubappendixc {\kern1pt \textit{ #1}}}
    \par\vspace{8pt}}
\newcommand{\subsubappendix}[1] {\vspace{14pt}
        \refstepcounter{subsubappendixc}
        \noindent{\textrm{Appendix \thesubsubappendixc {\kern1pt \textit{#1}}}}
    \par\vspace{8pt}}

%---------------------------------------------------------------------------
%FOLLOWING THREE COMMANDS ARE FOR `LIST' COMMAND.
\topsep=0in\parsep=0in\itemsep=0in
\parindent=15pt

%---------------------------------------------------------------------------
\newcommand{\textlineskip}{\baselineskip=13pt}
\newcommand{\smalllineskip}{\baselineskip=10pt}

%---------------------------------------------------------------------------
%MACRO FOR COPYRIGHT BLOCK
\newcommand{\copyrightheading}[1]
    {\vspace*{-2.5cm}\smalllineskip{\flushleft
    {\footnotesize International Journal of Computational Intelligence Systems, #1}\\
    {\footnotesize \copyright\, Atlantis Press
     }\\
     }}

%\newcommand{\publisher}[2]{\begin{center}\textrm{\baselineskip=10pt\small
%    Received #1\\
%    Revised #2
%    }\end{center}}

%---------------------------------------------------------------------------
%MARCO FOR ABSTRACT BLOCK
\def\abstracts#1{
        \begin{center}
        \begin{minipage}{5.8in}\small\baselineskip=11pt
        \hbox{} \hfill\textbf{Abstract} \hfill \hbox{}
        \par\medskip
        \parindent=0pc #1
        \end{minipage}
        \end{center}
        }
%
\def\keywords#1{%
        \begin{center}
        \begin{minipage}{5.8in}\small\baselineskip=11pt
        \parindent=0pc\textit{Keywords:}\/ \ignorespaces#1\unskip
        \end{minipage}
        \end{center}
        }
%
%---------------------------------------------------------------------------
%NEW MACRO FOR BIBLIOGRAPHY
%\newcommand{\bibit}{\small\it}
%\newcommand{\bibbf}{\small\bf}
\renewenvironment{thebibliography}[1]       %ALL CHANGES DD 13/3/92
    {\small\baselineskip=11pt
     \frenchspacing
     \begin{list}{\arabic{enumi}.}
        {\usecounter{enumi}\setlength{\parsep}{0pt}
     \setlength{\leftmargin 12.7pt}{\rightmargin 0pt}%FOR 1--9 ITEMS
%    \setlength{\leftmargin 17pt}{\rightmargin 0pt}  %FOR 10--99 ITEMS
%    \setlength{\leftmargin 22pt}{\rightmargin 0pt}  %FOR 100+ABOVE ITEMS
         \setlength{\itemsep}{0pt} \settowidth
    {\labelwidth}{#1.}\sloppy}}
    {\end{list}}

%---------------------------------------------------------------------------
%LIST ENVIRONMENTS
\newcounter{itemlistc}
\newcounter{romanlistc}
\newcounter{alphlistc}
\newcounter{arabiclistc}
\newenvironment{itemlist}
        {\setcounter{itemlistc}{0}
     \begin{list}{$\bullet$}
    {\usecounter{itemlistc}
     \setlength{\leftmargin}{0pt}%
     \setlength{\parsep}{0pt}
     \setlength{\itemsep}{0pt}}}
     {\end{list}}

\newenvironment{romanlist}
    {\setcounter{romanlistc}{0}
     \begin{list}{$($\roman{romanlistc}$)$}
    {\usecounter{romanlistc}
     \setlength{\leftmargin}{0pt}%
     \setlength{\parsep}{0pt}
     \setlength{\itemsep}{0pt}}}
     {\end{list}}

\newenvironment{alphlist}
    {\setcounter{alphlistc}{0}
     \begin{list}{$($\alph{alphlistc}$)$}
    {\usecounter{alphlistc}
     \setlength{\leftmargin}{0pt}%
     \setlength{\parsep}{0pt}
     \setlength{\itemsep}{0pt}}}
     {\end{list}}

\newenvironment{arabiclist}
    {\setcounter{arabiclistc}{0}
     \begin{list}{\arabic{arabiclistc}}
    {\usecounter{arabiclistc}
     \setlength{\leftmargin}{0pt}%
     \setlength{\parsep}{0pt}
     \setlength{\itemsep}{0pt}}}
     {\end{list}}

%---------------------------------------------------------------------------
%FIGURE CAPTION IN TWO COLUMNS
\newcommand{\fcaption}[1]{
        \refstepcounter{figure}
        \setbox\@tempboxa = \hbox{\footnotesize Fig.~\thefigure. #1}
        %\ifdim \wd\@tempboxa > 5in
        \ifdim \wd\@tempboxa > 2.95in
           {\begin{center}
        %\parbox{5in}{\footnotesize\baselineskip=11pt Fig.~\thefigure. #1}
        \parbox{2.95in}{\footnotesize\baselineskip=11pt Fig.~\thefigure. #1}
            \end{center}}
        \else
             {\begin{center}
             {\footnotesize Fig.~\thefigure. #1}
              \end{center}}
        \fi}
%---------------------------------------------------------------------------
%% FIGURE CAPTION IN 1 COLUMN MODE
\newcommand{\fcap}[1]{
        \refstepcounter{figure}
        \setbox\@tempboxa = \hbox{\footnotesize Fig.~\thefigure. #1}
        \ifdim \wd\@tempboxa > 5in
        %\ifdim \wd\@tempboxa > 2.95in
           {\begin{center}
        \parbox{5in}{\footnotesize\baselineskip=11pt Fig.~\thefigure. #1}
        %\parbox{2.95in}{\footnotesize\baselineskip=11pt Fig.~\thefigure. #1}
            \end{center}}
        \else
             {\begin{center}
             {\footnotesize Fig.~\thefigure. #1}
              \end{center}}
        \fi}
%---------------------------------------------------------------------------
%TABLE CAPTION
\newcommand{\tcap}[1]{
        \refstepcounter{table}
        \setbox\@tempboxa = \hbox{\footnotesize Table~\thetable. #1}
        \ifdim \wd\@tempboxa > 3.15in
           {\begin{center}
        \parbox{3.15in}{\footnotesize\smalllineskip
        Table~\thetable. #1}
            \end{center}}
        \else
             {\begin{center}
             {\footnotesize Table~\thetable. #1}
              \end{center}}
        \fi}
%---------------------------------------------------------------------------
%TABLE CAPTION IN 1 COLUMN MODE
\newcommand{\tcaption}[1]{
        \refstepcounter{table}
        \setbox\@tempboxa = \hbox{\footnotesize Table~\thetable. #1}
        \ifdim \wd\@tempboxa > 5in
           {\begin{center}
        \parbox{5in}{\footnotesize\smalllineskip
        Table~\thetable. #1}
            \end{center}}
        \else
             {\begin{center}
             {\footnotesize Table~\thetable. #1}
              \end{center}}
        \fi}
%---------------------------------------------------------------------------
%MACROS FOR SETTING \cite{x} OR \citeup{x}
\def\@citex[#1]#2{\if@filesw\immediate\write\@auxout
    {\string\citation{#2}}\fi
\def\@citea{}\@cite{\@for\@citeb:=#2\do
    {\@citea\def\@citea{,}\@ifundefined
    {b@\@citeb}{{\bf ?}\@warning
    {Citation `\@citeb' on page \thepage \space undefined}}
    {\csname b@\@citeb\endcsname}}}{#1}}

\newif\if@cghi
\def\cite{\@cghitrue\@ifnextchar [{\@tempswatrue
    \@citex}{\@tempswafalse\@citex[]}}
\def\citelow{\@cghifalse\@ifnextchar [{\@tempswatrue
    \@citex}{\@tempswafalse\@citex[]}}
\def\@cite#1#2{{$\null^{#1}$\if@tempswa\typeout
%\def\@cite#1#2{{{#1}\if@tempswa\typeout
    {IJCGA warning: optional citation argument
    ignored: `#2'} \fi}}
\newcommand{\citeup}{\cite}

%---------------------------------------------------------------------------
%FOR SUB/SUPERSCRIPT BOLDFACED + ITALICS
\def\pmb#1{\setbox0=\hbox{#1}
    \kern-.025em\copy0\kern-\wd0
    \kern.05em\copy0\kern-\wd0
    \kern-.025em\raise.0433em\box0}
\def\mbi#1{{\pmb{\mbox{\scriptsize ${#1}$}}}}
\def\mbr#1{{\pmb{\mbox{\scriptsize{#1}}}}}

%---------------------------------------------------------------------------
%FOR FNSYMBOL FOOTNOTE AND ALPH{FOOTNOTE}
\def\fnm#1{$^{\mbox{\scriptsize #1}}$}      %TYPE AS \FNM{A}\FNT{A}
\def\fnt#1#2{\footnotetext{\kern-.3em
    {$^{\mbox{\scriptsize #1}}$}{#2}}}

%---------------------------------------------------------------------------
%FOR CREATING THE OPENING PAGE NUMBER
\def\fpage#1{\begingroup
\voffset=.3in
\thispagestyle{empty}\begin{table}[b]\centerline{\footnotesize #1}
    \end{table}\endgroup}

%---------------------------------------------------------------------------
% Theorem, Lemma, Proposition, Corollary environments
\newcounter{theorem}
\newcommand{\theorem}{\refstepcounter{theorem}\par\medskip
        \noindent\textbf{Theorem~\arabic{theorem}.}\ \itshape}
%OR \newtheorem{theorem}{Theorem}[sectionc] WHICH HAS SECTION NUMBER
%\newtheorem{lemma}[theorem]{Lemma}
%\newtheorem{proposition}[theorem]{Proposition}
%\newtheorem{corollary}[theorem]{Corollary}
\newcounter{lemma}
\newcounter{proposition}
\newcounter{corollary}
\newcommand{\lemma}{\refstepcounter{theorem}
        \par\medskip\noindent\textbf{Lemma~\arabic{theorem}.}\ \itshape}
\newcommand{\proposition}{\refstepcounter{theorem}
        \par\medskip\noindent\textbf{Proposition~\arabic{theorem}.}\ \itshape}
\newcommand{\corollary}{\refstepcounter{theorem}
        \par\medskip\noindent\textbf{Corollary~\arabic{theorem}.}\ \itshape}
% Definition environment
\newcounter{definition}
\newcommand{\definition}{\refstepcounter{definition}\par\medskip
        \noindent\textbf{Definition~\arabic{definition}.}\ }
% Example environment
\newcounter{example}
\newcommand{\example}{\refstepcounter{example}\par\medskip
        \noindent\textbf{Example~\arabic{example}.}\ }
% Remark environment
\newcounter{remark}
\newcommand{\remark}{\refstepcounter{remark}\par\medskip
        \noindent\textbf{Remark~\arabic{remark}.}\ }
%USERS CAN ADD ON THEIR OWN NEW THEOREM-LIKE ENVIRONMENTS.
%
%\newcommand{\definition}{\stepcounter{definition}\par\medskip
%        \textbf{Definition~\arabic{definition}.}\ }

%\newcommand{\proof}[1]{\par\medskip\noindent\textbf{Proof.\ } #1~\hfill~$\Box$ \par\medskip}
% this might be already defined
\newcommand{\qed}{\hfill \mbox{\raggedright \rule{.07in}{.1in}}}

% this might be already defined
\newenvironment{proof}{\vspace{1ex}\noindent{\bf Proof.}\hspace{0.5em}}
        {\hfill\qed\vspace{1ex}}


%--------------------START OF DATA FILE-------------------------------------
\textwidth=6.75truein
%\textheight=8.45truein %VSIZE OF OPENING PAGE
\textheight=8.40truein  %VSIZE OF OPENING PAGE

\voffset=-0.5cm
\hoffset=-2cm

%---------------------------------------------------------------------------
%DEFINITIONS
%% \def\itlatex{\tenit L\kern-.30em\raise.4ex\hbox{\eightit A}\kern-.14em
%% T\kern-.1667em\lower.7ex\hbox{E}\kern-.125em X}

%% \def\bsc{{\sc a\kern-7pt\sc a}}
%% \def\bflatex{\bf L\kern-.30em\raise.3ex\hbox{\bsc}\kern-.18em
%% T\kern-.1667em\lower.7ex\hbox{E}\kern-.125em X}

\def\qed{\hbox{${\vcenter{\vbox{            %HOLLOW SQUARE
   \hrule height 0.4pt\hbox{\vrule width 0.4pt height 6pt
   \kern5pt\vrule width 0.4pt}\hrule height 0.4pt}}}$}}

\renewcommand{\thefootnote}{\fnsymbol{footnote}}  %USE SYMBOLIC FOOTNOTE

%---------------------------------------------------------------------------
%% DEFINITIONS
%% Fonts UPSHAPE
\newcommand{\rA}{\textrm{A}}\newcommand{\rB}{\textrm{B}}\newcommand{\rC}{\textrm{C}}
\newcommand{\rD}{\textrm{D}}\newcommand{\rE}{\textrm{E}}\newcommand{\rF}{\textrm{F}}
\newcommand{\rG}{\textrm{G}}\newcommand{\rH}{\textrm{H}}\newcommand{\rI}{\textrm{I}}
\newcommand{\rJ}{\textrm{J}}\newcommand{\rK}{\textrm{K}}\newcommand{\rL}{\textrm{L}}
\newcommand{\rM}{\textrm{M}}\newcommand{\rN}{\textrm{N}}\newcommand{\rO}{\textrm{O}}
\newcommand{\rP}{\textrm{P}}\newcommand{\rQ}{\textrm{Q}}\newcommand{\rR}{\textrm{R}}
\newcommand{\rS}{\textrm{S}}\newcommand{\rT}{\textrm{T}}\newcommand{\rU}{\textrm{U}}
\newcommand{\rV}{\textrm{V}}\newcommand{\rW}{\textrm{W}}\newcommand{\rX}{\textrm{X}}
\newcommand{\rY}{\textrm{Y}}\newcommand{\rZ}{\textrm{Z}}
%% Fonts MATHCAL
\newcommand{\cA}{\mathcal{A}}\newcommand{\cB}{\mathcal{B}}\newcommand{\cC}{\mathcal{C}}
\newcommand{\cD}{\mathcal{D}}\newcommand{\cE}{\mathcal{E}}\newcommand{\cF}{\mathcal{F}}
\newcommand{\cG}{\mathcal{G}}\newcommand{\cH}{\mathcal{H}}\newcommand{\cI}{\mathcal{I}}
\newcommand{\cJ}{\mathcal{J}}\newcommand{\cK}{\mathcal{K}}\newcommand{\cL}{\mathcal{L}}
\newcommand{\cM}{\mathcal{M}}\newcommand{\cN}{\mathcal{N}}\newcommand{\cO}{\mathcal{O}}
\newcommand{\cP}{\mathcal{P}}\newcommand{\cQ}{\mathcal{Q}}\newcommand{\cR}{\mathcal{R}}
\newcommand{\cS}{\mathcal{S}}\newcommand{\cT}{\mathcal{T}}\newcommand{\cU}{\mathcal{U}}
\newcommand{\cV}{\mathcal{V}}\newcommand{\cW}{\mathcal{W}}\newcommand{\cX}{\mathcal{X}}
\newcommand{\cY}{\mathcal{Y}}\newcommand{\cZ}{\mathcal{Z}}
%% Fonts MATHBB
\newcommand{\IA}{\mathbb{A}}\newcommand{\IB}{\mathbb{B}}\newcommand{\IC}{\mathbb{C}}
\newcommand{\ID}{\mathbb{D}}\newcommand{\IE}{\mathbb{E}}\newcommand{\IF}{\mathbb{F}}
\newcommand{\IG}{\mathbb{G}}\newcommand{\IH}{\mathbb{H}}\newcommand{\II}{\mathbb{I}}
\newcommand{\JJ}{\mathbb{J}}\newcommand{\IK}{\mathbb{K}}\newcommand{\IL}{\mathbb{L}}
\newcommand{\IM}{\mathbb{M}}\newcommand{\IN}{\mathbb{N}}\newcommand{\IO}{\mathbb{O}}
\newcommand{\IP}{\mathbb{P}}\newcommand{\IQ}{\mathbb{Q}}\newcommand{\IR}{\mathbb{R}}
\newcommand{\IS}{\mathbb{S}}\newcommand{\IT}{\mathbb{T}}\newcommand{\IU}{\mathbb{U}}
\newcommand{\IV}{\mathbb{V}}\newcommand{\IW}{\mathbb{W}}\newcommand{\IX}{\mathbb{X}}
\newcommand{\IY}{\mathbb{Y}}\newcommand{\IZ}{\mathbb{Z}}

%% RENEW DEF
\renewcommand{\ge}{\geqslant}   \renewcommand{\geq}{\geqslant}
\renewcommand{\le}{\leqslant}   \renewcommand{\leq}{\leqslant}
\renewcommand{\hat}{\widehat}
\renewcommand{\tilde}{\widetilde}
\renewcommand{\bar}{\overline}
%---------------------------------------------------------------------------
%%%% begin macro %%%%
\makeatletter
\def\hlinewd#1{%
\noalign{\ifnum0=`}\fi\hrule \@height #1 %
\futurelet\reserved@a\@xhline}
\makeatother
%%%% end macro %%%%

\renewenvironment{itemize}%
{ \begin{list}{%
        $\scriptstyle\bullet$}{%
                \setlength{\labelwidth}{10pt}%
                \setlength{\leftmargin}{10pt}%
                \setlength{\itemsep}{\parsep}
        }
        \itemsep=2pt
        \topsep=0pt
        \partopsep=0pt
        \parskip=0pt
        \parsep=0pt
}%
{ \end{list} }

%%%% begin macro %%%%
\makeatletter
%% Bring items closer together in
%% list environments % Prevent infinite loops
\let\orig@Itemize =\itemize
\let\orig@Enumerate =\enumerate
\let\orig@Description =\description
% Zero the vertical spacing parameters
\def\Nospacing{
        \itemsep=2pt
        \topsep=0pt
        \partopsep=0pt
        \parskip=0pt
        \parsep=0pt
    }
%\leftmargini 1.2em      % 2.5em

\def\noitemsep{
% Redefine the environments in terms of the original values
        \renewenvironment{itemize}{\orig@Itemize\Nospacing}{\endlist}
        \renewenvironment{enumerate}{\orig@Enumerate\Nospacing}{\endlist}
        \renewenvironment{description}{\orig@Description\Nospacing}{\endlist}
}

\def\doitemsep{
% Redefine the environments to the original values
        \renewenvironment{itemize}{\orig@Itemize}{\endlist}
        \renewenvironment{enumerate}{\orig@Enumerate}{\endlist}
        \renewenvironment{description}{\orig@Description}{\endlist}
}
\makeatother
%%%% end macro %%%%

%% Command for references with pages
\newcommand{\Ref}[1]{%
        \ifthenelse{\pageref{#1}=\thepage}{\ref{#1}}{\ref{#1}, p.~\pageref{#1}}%
        }
\newcommand{\up}[1]{$^{\text{#1}}$}