/*

 EGYPT Toolkit for Statistical Machine Translation
 Written by Yaser Al-Onaizan, Jan Curin, Michael Jahr, Kevin Knight, John Lafferty, Dan Melamed, David Purdy, Franz Och, Noah Smith, and David Yarowsky.

 This program is free software; you can redistribute it and/or
 modify it under the terms of the GNU General Public License
 as published by the Free Software Foundation; either version 2
 of the License, or (at your option) any later version.

 This program is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
 but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
 MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the
 GNU General Public License for more details.

 You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
 along with this program; if not, write to the Free Software
 Foundation, Inc., 59 Temple Place - Suite 330, Boston, MA 02111-1307,
 USA.

 */
#include "model3.h"
#include "collCounts.h"
#include "Globals.h"
#include "utility.h"
#include "transpair_model5.h"
#include "transpair_modelhmm.h"
#include "Parameter.h"

#define TRICKY_IBM3_TRAINING

GLOBAL_PARAMETER(int,M4_Dependencies,"depm4","d_{=1}: &1:l, &2:m, &4:F, &8:E, d_{>1}&16:l, &32:m, &64:F, &128:E",PARLEV_MODELS,76)
;
GLOBAL_PARAMETER(int,M5_Dependencies,"depm5","d_{=1}: &1:l, &2:m, &4:F, &8:E, d_{>1}&16:l, &32:m, &64:F, &128:E",PARLEV_MODELS,68)
;
GLOBAL_PARAMETER4(int,Model3_Dump_Freq,"MODEL 345 DUMP FREQUENCY","MODEL 3 DUMP FREQUENCY","t3","t345","dump frequency of Model 3/4/5",PARLEV_OUTPUT,0)
;

/*model3::model3(model2& m2) :
 model2(m2),dTable( amodel<PROB>(true)), dCountTable(true),
 nTable( nmodel<PROB>(m2.getNoEnglishWords()+1, MAX_FERTILITY)),
 nCountTable(m2.getNoEnglishWords()+1, MAX_FERTILITY),h(0)
 {}*/

extern int Transfer_Dump_Freq;

model3::model3(model2& m2, amodel<PROB>& d, nmodel<PROB>& n) :
  model2(m2), dTable(d), dCountTable(true), nTable(n),//m2.getNoEnglishWords()+1, MAX_FERTILITY),
  nCountTable(m2.getNoEnglishWords()+1, MAX_FERTILITY), h(0)
{
  ewordclasses = fwordclasses = NULL;
}

model3::model3(model3& m3, amodel<PROB>& d, nmodel<PROB>& n, amodel<COUNT>& a) :
  model2(*(&m3), m3.aTable, a), dTable(d), dCountTable(true), nTable(n),//m2.getNoEnglishWords()+1, MAX_FERTILITY),
  nCountTable(m3.getNoEnglishWords()+1, MAX_FERTILITY), h(0)
{
  ewordclasses = fwordclasses = NULL;
}

void model3::load_tables(const char *nfile, const char *dfile,
                         const char *p0file)
{
  cout << "Model3: loading n, d, p0 tables \n";

  nTable.readNTable(nfile);
  dTable.readTable(dfile);
  ifstream inf(p0file);
  if ( !inf)
    cerr << "Can not open: " << p0file << '\n';
  else {
    cout << "Reading p0 value from " << p0file << "\n";
    inf >> p0;
    inf.close();
    p1 = 1 - p0;
  }
  cout << "p0 is: " << p0 << " p1:" << p1 << '\n';
}

model3::~model3()
{
  dTable.clear();
  dCountTable.clear();
  nTable.clear();
  nCountTable.clear();
  if(h==NULL && ewordclasses!=NULL && fwordclasses!=NULL) {
    delete ewordclasses;
    delete fwordclasses;
  }
}

void model3::em(int noIterations, sentenceHandler& sHandler1)
{

  LogProb all_prob, aprob, temp;
  WordIndex i, j, l, m;
  time_t it_st, st, it_fn, fn;
  string tfile, dfile, nfile, p0file, afile, number;

  st = time(NULL) ;
  cout << "\n" << "Starting Model3:  Training";
  //  sentenceHandler sHandler1(efFilename.c_str());
  sHandler1.rewind();
  for (int it=1; it <= noIterations; it++) {
    it_st = time(NULL) ;
    cout << "\n" << "Model3: Iteration " << it;

    // set up the names of the files where the tables will be printed
    const string number = represent_number(it);
    tfile = Prefix + ".t3." + number;
    afile = Prefix + ".a3." + number;
    nfile = Prefix + ".n3." + number;
    dfile = Prefix + ".d3." + number;
    p0file = Prefix + ".p0_3." + number;
    //    tCountTable.clear();
    dCountTable.clear();
    nCountTable.clear();
    p0_count = 0.0;
    p1_count = 0.0;
    all_prob = 0;
    sentPair sent;
    while (sHandler1.getNextSentence(sent)) {
      Vector<WordIndex>& es = sent.eSent;
      Vector<WordIndex>& fs = sent.fSent;
      const float count = sent.getCount();
      if ((sent.sentenceNo % 1000) == 0)
        cout <<sent.sentenceNo << '\n';
      Vector<WordIndex> A(fs.size(),/*-1*/0);
      Vector<WordIndex> Fert(es.size(),0);
      LogProb lcount=(LogProb)count;
      l = es.size()-1;
      m = fs.size()-1;
      WordIndex x, y;
      all_prob = prob_of_target_given_source(tTable, fs, es);
      if (all_prob == 0)
        cout << "\n" <<"all_prob = 0";

      for (x = 0; x < pow(l+1.0, double(m)) ; x++) { // For all possible alignmets A
        y = x;
        for (j = 1; j <= m; j++) {
          A[j] = y % (l+1);
          y /= (l+1);
        }
        for (i = 0; i <= l; i++)
          Fert[i] = 0;
        for (j = 1; j <= m; j++)
          Fert[A[j]]++;
        if (2 * Fert[0] <= m) {
          /* consider alignments that has Fert[0] less than
           half the number of words in French sentence */
          aprob = prob_of_target_and_alignment_given_source(A, Fert,
                  tTable, fs, es);
          temp = aprob/all_prob;
          LogProb templcount = temp*lcount;

          for (j = 1; j <= m; j++) {
            tTable.incCount(es[A[j]], fs[j], templcount);
            if (0 != A[j])
              dCountTable.addValue(j, A[j], l, m, templcount);
          }
          for (i = 0; i <= l; i++) {
            nCountTable.addValue(es[i], Fert[i], templcount);
            //cout << "AFTER INC2: " << templcount << " " << nCountTable.getRef(es[i], Fert[i]) << '\n';
          }
          p1_count += double(temp) * (Fert[0] * count);
          p0_count += double(temp) * ((m - 2 * Fert[0]) * count);
        }
      } /* of looping over all alignments */
    } /* of sentence pair E, F */
    sHandler1.rewind();

    // normalize tables
    if (OutputInAachenFormat==1)
      tTable.printCountTable(tfile.c_str(), Elist.getVocabList(),
                             Flist.getVocabList(), 1);
    tTable.normalizeTable(Elist, Flist);
    aCountTable.normalize(aTable);
    dCountTable.normalize(dTable);
    nCountTable.normalize(nTable, &Elist.getVocabList());

    // normalize p1 & p0

    if (p1_count + p0_count != 0) {
      p1 = p1_count / (p1_count + p0_count );
      p0 = 1 - p1;
    } else {
      p1 = p0 = 0;
    }
    // print tables
    if (OutputInAachenFormat==0)
      tTable.printProbTable(tfile.c_str(), Elist.getVocabList(),
                            Flist.getVocabList(), OutputInAachenFormat);
    dTable.printTable(dfile.c_str());
    nTable.printNTable(Elist.uniqTokens(), nfile.c_str(),
                       Elist.getVocabList(), OutputInAachenFormat);
    ofstream of(p0file.c_str());
    of << p0;
    of.close();
    it_fn = time(NULL) ;
    cout << "\n" << "Model3 Iteration "<<it<<" took: " << difftime(it_fn,
         it_st) << " seconds\n";

  } /* of iterations */
  fn = time(NULL) ;
  cout << "\n" << "Entire Model3 Training took: " << difftime(fn, st)
       << " seconds\n";
}

//-----------------------------------------------------------------------

/*
 void simpleModel3Test()
 {
 PositionIndex l=6;
 PositionIndex m=8;
 alignment al(l,m);
 al.set(1,1);
 al.set(2,2);
 al.set(3,3);
 al.set(4,2);
 al.set(5,0);
 al.set(6,6);
 al.set(7,3);
 al.set(8,4);
 cout << al;
 PositionIndex prev_cept=0;
 PositionIndex vac_all=m;
 Vector<char> vac(m+1,0);
 for(PositionIndex i=1;i<=l;i++)
 {
 PositionIndex cur_j=al.als_i[i];
 cout << "LOOP: " << i << " " << cur_j << '\n';
 PositionIndex prev_j=0;
 PositionIndex k=0;
 if(cur_j) { // process first word of cept
 k++;
 vac_all--;
 assert(vac[cur_j]==0);
 vac[cur_j]=1;
 for(unsigned int q=0;q<vac.size();q++)cout << (vac[q]?'1':'0') << ' ';
 cout << '\n';
 cout << i << " " << cur_j << ": d1(" << vacancies(vac,cur_j) << "|" << vacancies(vac,al.get_center(prev_cept)) << "," << vac_all << "+" << -al.fert(i)<< "+" << +k << ")\n" << '\n';
 prev_j=cur_j;
 cur_j=al.als_j[cur_j].next;
 }
 while(cur_j) { // process following words of cept
 k++;
 vac_all--;
 vac[cur_j]=1;
 int vprev=vacancies(vac,prev_j);
 cout << "PREV: " << prev_j << '\n';
 for(unsigned int q=0;q<vac.size();q++)cout << (vac[q]?'1':'0') << ' ';
 cout << '\n';
 cout << i << " " << cur_j << ": d>1(" << vacancies(vac,cur_j) << "-" << vprev << "|" << vac_all<< "+" << -al.fert(i)<< "+" << +k << ")\n" << '\n';
 prev_j=cur_j;
 cur_j=al.als_j[cur_j].next;
 }
 assert(k==al.fert(i));
 if( k )
 prev_cept=i;
 }
 assert(vac_all==al.fert(0));
 }
 */

extern short DoViterbiTraining;

struct m3_em_loop_t {
  model3 *m;
  int done;
  int valid;
  string alignfile;
  string modelName;
  int it;
  bool dump_files;
  char toModel, fromModel;
  pthread_t thread;
  d4model* d4;
  d5model* d5;
  bool is_final;
  m3_em_loop_t() :
    m(0), done(0), valid(0),d4(0),d5(0) {
  }
  ;
};

void* m3_exe_emloop(void *arg)
{
  m3_em_loop_t* em =(m3_em_loop_t *) arg;
  em->m->viterbi_thread(em->it, em->alignfile, em->dump_files, *(em->d4),*(em->d5),em->is_final,em->fromModel,em->toModel,em->modelName);
  em->done = -1;
  return arg;
}

void model3::viterbi_thread(int it, string alignfile, bool dump_files,d4model& d4m,d5model& d5m,bool is_final,char fromModel,char toModel,string& modelName)
{
#define TRAIN_ARGS perp,      trainViterbiPerp, sHandler1,    dump_files, alignfile.c_str(),     true,  modelName,is_final
  switch (toModel) {
  case '3': {
    switch (fromModel) {
    case 'H':
      viterbi_loop_with_tricks<transpair_modelhmm, const hmm>(TRAIN_ARGS,h,(void*)0);
      break;
    case '3':
      viterbi_loop_with_tricks<transpair_model3>( TRAIN_ARGS, (void*)0,(void*)0);
      break;
    default:
      abort();
    }
    break;
  }
  case '4': {
    switch (fromModel) {
    case 'H':
      viterbi_loop_with_tricks<transpair_modelhmm, const hmm, d4model>(TRAIN_ARGS,h,&d4m);
      break;
    case '3':
      viterbi_loop_with_tricks<transpair_model3, void, d4model>(TRAIN_ARGS, (void*)0,&d4m);
      break;
    case '4':
      viterbi_loop_with_tricks<transpair_model4, d4model, d4model>(TRAIN_ARGS , &d4m,&d4m);
      break;
    default:
      abort();
    }
  }
  break;
  case '5': {
    switch (fromModel) {
    case 'H':
      viterbi_loop_with_tricks<transpair_modelhmm, const hmm, d5model>(TRAIN_ARGS,h,&d5m);
      break;
    case '3':
      viterbi_loop_with_tricks<transpair_model3, void, d5model>(TRAIN_ARGS, (void*)0,&d5m);
      break;
    case '4':
      viterbi_loop_with_tricks<transpair_model4, d4model, d5model>(TRAIN_ARGS, &d4m,&d5m);
      break;
    case '5':
      viterbi_loop_with_tricks<transpair_model5, d5model, d5model>(TRAIN_ARGS, &d5m,&d5m);
      break;
    default:
      abort();
    }
  }
  break;
  default:
    abort();
  }

}
extern short NCPUS;

int model3::viterbi(int noIterationsModel3, int noIterationsModel4,
                    int noIterationsModel5, int noIterationsModel6, const char* prev_d4,const char* prev_d4_2,bool dumpCount,
                    const char* dumpCountName, bool useString)
{
  double minErrors=1.0;
  int minIter=0;
  if(ewordclasses==NULL)
    ewordclasses = new WordClasses;
  if(fwordclasses==NULL)
    fwordclasses = new WordClasses;
  d4model d4m(MAX_SENTENCE_LENGTH,*ewordclasses,*fwordclasses);
  if(prev_d4) {
    string previous_d4model = prev_d4;

    string previous_d4model_1 =  prev_d4_2;
    cerr << "We are going to read d4 table from " << previous_d4model << "," << previous_d4model_1  << endl;
    d4m.readProbTable(previous_d4model.c_str(),previous_d4model_1.c_str());
  }
  if(h==NULL)
    d4m.makeWordClasses(Elist, Flist, SourceVocabClassesFilename,
                        TargetVocabClassesFilename,Elist,Flist);

  d5model d5m(d4m);
  //d5m.makeWordClasses(Elist, Flist, SourceVocabFilename+".classes",
  //		TargetVocabFilename+".classes");
  time_t it_st, st, it_fn, fn;
  bool dump_files;
  string tfile, tfile_actual, dfile, afile, nfile, nfile_actual, p0file,
         alignfile, number, test_alignfile, d4file, d5file, zeroFertFile;
  st = time(NULL);
  sHandler1.rewind();
  if (testPerp && testHandler)
    (*testHandler).rewind();
  string trainingString;

  trainingString+=(prev_d4 ? '4' : (h ? 'H' : '3'));
  for (int i=0; i<noIterationsModel3; ++i)
    trainingString+='3';
  for (int i=0; i<noIterationsModel4; ++i)
    trainingString+='4';
  for (int i=0; i<noIterationsModel5; ++i)
    trainingString+='5';
  for (int i=0; i<noIterationsModel6; ++i)
    trainingString+='6';
  cout << "\n==========================================================\n";
  cout << "Starting "<<trainingString<<":  Viterbi Training";
  cout << "\n "<<trainingString<<" Training Started at: "<< my_ctime(&st)
       << '\n';


  vector<m3_em_loop_t> th;
  th.resize(NCPUS);

  int k;

  for(k = 1; k< NCPUS; k++) {
    th[k].m = this;
    th[k].d4 = &d4m;
    th[k].d5 = &d5m;
  }

  for (unsigned int it=1; it < trainingString.length(); it++) {
    bool is_final=false;
    if (it==trainingString.length()-1)
      is_final=true;
    string modelName;
    char fromModel=trainingString[it-1], toModel=trainingString[it];
    if (fromModel==toModel)
      modelName=string("Model")+fromModel;
    else
      modelName=string("T")+fromModel+"To"+toModel;
    it_st = time(NULL);
    cout <<"\n---------------------\n"<<modelName<<": Iteration " << it
         <<'\n';
    dump_files = (is_final || ((Model3_Dump_Freq != 0) && ((it
                            % Model3_Dump_Freq) == 0))) && !NODUMPS;
    string d4file2;
    {
      // set up the names of the files where the tables will be printed
      const string number = (is_final ? "final" : represent_number(it));
      tfile = Prefix + ".t3." + number;
      tfile_actual = Prefix + ".actual.t3." + number;
      afile = Prefix + ".a3." + number;
      nfile = Prefix + ".n3." + number;
      nfile_actual = Prefix + ".actual.n3." + number;
      dfile = Prefix + ".d3." + number;
      d4file = Prefix + ".d4." + number;
      d4file2 = Prefix + ".D4." + number;
      d5file = Prefix + ".d5." + number;
      alignfile = Prefix + ".A3." + number;
      test_alignfile = Prefix + ".tst.A3." + number;
      p0file = Prefix + ".p0_3." + number;
    }
    // clear count tables
    //    tCountTable.clear();
    dCountTable.clear();
    aCountTable.clear();
    initAL();
    nCountTable.clear();
    d4m.clear();
    p0_count = p1_count = 0;
    //dump_files=true;

    sHandler1.rewind();
    if (testPerp && testHandler)
      (*testHandler).rewind();

    for (k=1 ; k< NCPUS ; k++) {
      th[k].m = this;
      th[k].done = 0;
      th[k].valid = 0;
      th[k].it = it;
      th[k].is_final = is_final;
      th[k].alignfile = alignfile + ".part" + represent_number(k, 3);
      th[k].dump_files = dump_files;
      th[k].fromModel = fromModel;
      th[k].toModel = toModel;
      th[k].modelName = modelName;
      th[k].valid = pthread_create(&(th[k].thread),NULL,m3_exe_emloop,&(th[k]));
      if(th[k].valid) {
        cerr << "Error starting thread " << k << endl;
      }
    }
    alignfile = alignfile + ".part" + represent_number(0, 3);

#ifdef TRICKY_IBM3_TRAINING

#define TRAIN_ARGS perp,      trainViterbiPerp, sHandler1,    dump_files, alignfile.c_str(),     true,  modelName,is_final
#define TEST_ARGS  *testPerp, *testViterbiPerp, *testHandler, dump_files, test_alignfile.c_str(),false, modelName,is_final
    switch (toModel) {
    case '3':
      switch (fromModel) {
      case 'H':
        viterbi_loop_with_tricks<transpair_modelhmm, const hmm>(TRAIN_ARGS,h,(void*)0);
        if (testPerp && testHandler)
          viterbi_loop_with_tricks<transpair_modelhmm, const hmm>(TEST_ARGS, h,(void*)0);
        break;
      case '3':
        viterbi_loop_with_tricks<transpair_model3>( TRAIN_ARGS, (void*)0,(void*)0);
        if (testPerp && testHandler)
          viterbi_loop_with_tricks<transpair_model3>( TEST_ARGS, (void*)0,(void*)0);
        break;
      default:
        abort();
      }
      break;
    case '4': {
      switch (fromModel) {
      case 'H':
        viterbi_loop_with_tricks<transpair_modelhmm, const hmm, d4model>(TRAIN_ARGS,h,&d4m);
        if (testPerp && testHandler)
          viterbi_loop_with_tricks<transpair_modelhmm, const hmm,
                                   d4model>(TEST_ARGS, h,&d4m);
        break;
      case '3':
        viterbi_loop_with_tricks<transpair_model3, void, d4model>(TRAIN_ARGS, (void*)0,&d4m);
        if (testPerp && testHandler)
          viterbi_loop_with_tricks<transpair_model3, void, d4model>( TEST_ARGS , (void*)0,&d4m);
        break;
      case '4':
        viterbi_loop_with_tricks<transpair_model4, d4model, d4model>(TRAIN_ARGS , &d4m,&d4m);
        if (testPerp && testHandler)
          viterbi_loop_with_tricks<transpair_model4, d4model, d4model>( TEST_ARGS, &d4m,&d4m);
        break;
      default:
        abort();
      }
      if(dumpCount && it == trainingString.length()-1) {
        string realD4TableName = dumpCountName;
        realD4TableName += ".d4.count";
        string realD4bTableName = realD4TableName+".b";
        if(!d4m.dumpCount(realD4TableName.c_str(),realD4bTableName.c_str()))
          cerr <<"Error writing count file to" << realD4TableName << endl;
      }
      d4m.normalizeTable();
      if (dump_files)
        d4m.printProbTable(d4file.c_str(), d4file2.c_str());
    }
    break;
    case '5': {
      switch (fromModel) {
      case 'H':
        viterbi_loop_with_tricks<transpair_modelhmm, const hmm, d5model>(TRAIN_ARGS,h,&d5m);
        if (testPerp && testHandler)
          viterbi_loop_with_tricks<transpair_modelhmm, const hmm,
                                   d5model>(TEST_ARGS, h,&d5m);
        break;
      case '3':
        viterbi_loop_with_tricks<transpair_model3, void, d5model>(TRAIN_ARGS, (void*)0,&d5m);
        if (testPerp && testHandler)
          viterbi_loop_with_tricks<transpair_model3, void, d5model>( TEST_ARGS , (void*)0,&d5m);
        break;
      case '4':
        viterbi_loop_with_tricks<transpair_model4, d4model, d5model>(TRAIN_ARGS, &d4m,&d5m);
        if (testPerp && testHandler)
          viterbi_loop_with_tricks<transpair_model4, d4model, d5model>( TEST_ARGS, &d4m,&d5m);
        break;
      case '5':
        viterbi_loop_with_tricks<transpair_model5, d5model, d5model>(TRAIN_ARGS, &d5m,&d5m);
        if (testPerp && testHandler)
          viterbi_loop_with_tricks<transpair_model5, d5model, d5model>( TEST_ARGS, &d5m,&d5m);
        break;
      default:
        abort();
      }
      if(dumpCount && it == trainingString.length()-1) {
        string realD4TableName = dumpCountName;
        realD4TableName += ".d4";
        string realD4bTableName = realD4TableName+".b";
        if(!d5m.d4m.dumpCount(realD4TableName.c_str(),realD4bTableName.c_str()))
          cerr <<"Error writing count file to" << realD4TableName << endl;
      }
      d5m.d4m.normalizeTable();
      if (dump_files)
        d5m.d4m.printProbTable(d4file.c_str(), d4file2.c_str());
      d5m.normalizeTable();
      if (dump_files) {
        ofstream d5output(d5file.c_str());
        d5output << d5m;
      }
    }
    break;
    default:
      abort();
    }

#else
    viterbi_loop(perp, trainViterbiPerp, sHandler1, dump_files,
                 alignfile.c_str(), true, model);
    if (testPerp && testHandler)
      viterbi_loop(*testPerp, *testViterbiPerp, *testHandler,
                   dump_files, test_alignfile.c_str(), false, model);
#endif
    for (k=1; k<NCPUS; k++) {
      pthread_join((th[k].thread),NULL);
      cerr << "Thread " << k << "done" << endl;
    }
    if (errorsAL()<minErrors) {
      minErrors=errorsAL();
      minIter=it;
    }
    // now normalize count tables
//		dump_files = true;
    if (dump_files&&OutputInAachenFormat==1)
      tTable.printCountTable(tfile.c_str(), Elist.getVocabList(),
                             Flist.getVocabList(), 1);
    perp.record(modelName);
    errorReportAL(cerr, modelName);
    trainViterbiPerp.record(modelName);

    if(dumpCount && it == trainingString.length()-1) {
      string realTableName = dumpCountName;
      realTableName += ".t.count";
      tTable.printCountTable(realTableName.c_str(),Elist.getVocabList(),Flist.getVocabList(),useString);
      string realATableName = dumpCountName;
      realATableName += ".a.count";
      aCountTable.printRealTable(realATableName.c_str());
      string realDTableName = dumpCountName;
      realDTableName += ".d.count";
      dCountTable.printRealTable(realDTableName.c_str());
      string realNTableName = dumpCountName;
      realNTableName += ".n.count";
      nCountTable.printRealNTable(Elist.uniqTokens(),realNTableName.c_str(),Elist.getVocabList(),useString);
    }

    tTable.normalizeTable(Elist, Flist);
    aCountTable.normalize(aTable);
    dCountTable.normalize(dTable);
    nCountTable.normalize(nTable, &Elist.getVocabList());
    sHandler1.rewind();
    //testHandler->rewind();
    //    cout << "tTable contains " <<
    //      tTable.getHash().bucket_count() << " buckets and "<<
    //tTable.getHash().size() << " entries.\n";

    // normalize p1 & p0

    cout << "p0_count is " << p0_count << " and p1 is " << p1_count << "; ";
    if (P0!=-1.0) {
      p0 = P0;
      p1 = 1-P0;
    } else {
      if (p1_count + p0_count != 0) {
        p1 = p1_count / (p1_count + p0_count );
        p0 = 1 - p1;
      } else {
        p1 = p0 = 0;
        cerr << "ERROR: p0_count+p1_count is zero!!!\n";
      }
    }

    cout << "p0 is " << p0 << " p1: " << p1 << '\n';

    cout << modelName<<": TRAIN CROSS-ENTROPY " << perp.cross_entropy()
         << " PERPLEXITY " << perp.perplexity() << '\n';
    if (testPerp && testHandler)
      cout << modelName << ":("<<it<<" TEST CROSS-ENTROPY " << (*testPerp).cross_entropy() << " PERPLEXITY " << (*testPerp).perplexity() << " sum: " << (*testPerp).getSum()<< " wc: " << (*testPerp).word_count() << '\n';
    cout << modelName << ": ("<<it<<") TRAIN VITERBI CROSS-ENTROPY "
         << trainViterbiPerp.cross_entropy() << " PERPLEXITY "
         << trainViterbiPerp.perplexity() << '\n';
    if (testPerp && testHandler)
      cout << modelName << ":  ("<<it<<")TEST VITERBI CROSS-ENTROPY "
           << (*testViterbiPerp).cross_entropy() << " PERPLEXITY "
           << (*testViterbiPerp).perplexity() << " Sum: " << (*testViterbiPerp).getSum() << " wc: " << (*testViterbiPerp).word_count() << '\n';
    //dump_files = true;
    if (dump_files) {
      if (OutputInAachenFormat==0)
        tTable.printProbTable(tfile.c_str(), Elist.getVocabList(),
                              Flist.getVocabList(), OutputInAachenFormat);
      aTable.printTable(afile.c_str());
      dTable.printTable(dfile.c_str());
      nTable.printNTable(Elist.uniqTokens(), nfile.c_str(),
                         Elist.getVocabList(), OutputInAachenFormat);
      ofstream of(p0file.c_str());
      of << p0;
      of.close();
    }
    it_fn = time(NULL) ;
    cout << "\n" << modelName << " Viterbi Iteration : "<<it<< " took: "
         << difftime(it_fn, it_st) << " seconds\n";
  } /* of iterations */
  fn = time(NULL);
  cout << trainingString <<" Training Finished at: " << my_ctime(&fn) << "\n";
  cout << "\n" << "Entire Viterbi "<<trainingString<<" Training took: "
       << difftime(fn, st) << " seconds\n";
  cout << "==========================================================\n";
  if (noIterationsModel4||noIterationsModel5)
    minIter-=noIterationsModel3;
  if (noIterationsModel5)
    minIter-=noIterationsModel4;
  return minIter;
}

int model3::viterbi_hto3()
{

  double minErrors=1.0;
  int minIter=0;
  bool dump_files = false;
  string tfile, tfile_actual, dfile, afile, nfile, nfile_actual, p0file,
         alignfile, number, test_alignfile, d4file, d5file, zeroFertFile;
  time_t st = time(NULL);
  cout << "Starting HMM To Model 3 Viterbi Training";
  cout << "\n hto3 Training Started at: "<< my_ctime(&st) << '\n';
  string modelName="H23";
  //cout <<"\n---------------------\n"<<modelName<<": Iteration " << it<<'\n';
  int it = 1;
  bool is_final =false;
  ///ump_files = true;
  dump_files = (is_final || ((Model3_Dump_Freq != 0) && ((it % Model3_Dump_Freq)
                          == 0))) && !NODUMPS;
  string d4file2;
  {
    // set up the names of the files where the tables will be printed
    const string number = (is_final ? "final" : represent_number(it));
    tfile = Prefix + ".t3." + number;
    tfile_actual = Prefix + ".actual.t3." + number;
    afile = Prefix + ".a3." + number;
    nfile = Prefix + ".n3." + number;
    nfile_actual = Prefix + ".actual.n3." + number;
    dfile = Prefix + ".d3." + number;
    d4file = Prefix + ".d4." + number;
    d4file2 = Prefix + ".D4." + number;
    d5file = Prefix + ".d5." + number;
    alignfile = Prefix + ".AH3_";
    alignfile += represent_number(iter, 3);
    alignfile += ".part" + represent_number(part, 3);
    test_alignfile = Prefix + ".tst.A3." + number;
    test_alignfile = Prefix + ".tst.A3." + number;
    p0file = Prefix + ".p0_3." + number;
  }
  // clear count tables
  //    tCountTable.clear();
  dCountTable.clear();
  aCountTable.clear();
  initAL();
  nCountTable.clear();
  p0_count = p1_count = 0;

#ifdef TRICKY_IBM3_TRAINING

#define TRAIN_ARGS perp,      trainViterbiPerp, sHandler1,    true, alignfile.c_str(),     true,  modelName,is_final
#define TEST_ARGS  *testPerp, *testViterbiPerp, *testHandler, dump_files, test_alignfile.c_str(),false, modelName,is_final
  viterbi_loop_with_tricks<transpair_modelhmm, const hmm>(TRAIN_ARGS,h,(void*)0);
  if (testPerp && testHandler)
    viterbi_loop_with_tricks<transpair_modelhmm, const hmm>(TEST_ARGS, h,(void*)0);

#else
  viterbi_loop(perp, trainViterbiPerp, sHandler1, dump_files,
               alignfile.c_str(), true, model);
  if (testPerp && testHandler)
    viterbi_loop(*testPerp, *testViterbiPerp, *testHandler,
                 dump_files, test_alignfile.c_str(), false, model);
#endif
  if (errorsAL()<minErrors) {
    minErrors=errorsAL();
    minIter=it;
  }
  return minIter;
}

int model3::viterbi_3to3()
{
  bool is_final = false;
  double minErrors=1.0;
  int minIter=0;
  bool dump_files = false;
  string tfile, tfile_actual, dfile, afile, nfile, nfile_actual, p0file,
         alignfile, number, test_alignfile, d4file, d5file, zeroFertFile;
  time_t st = time(NULL);
  cout << "Starting HMM To Model 3 Viterbi Training";
  cout << "\n hto3 Training Started at: "<< my_ctime(&st) << '\n';
  string modelName="H23";
  int it = 1;

  // cout <<"\n---------------------\n"<<modelName<<": Iteration " << it<<'\n';

  dump_files = (is_final || ((Model3_Dump_Freq != 0) && ((it % Model3_Dump_Freq)
                          == 0))) && !NODUMPS;
  dump_files = true;
  string d4file2;
  {
    // set up the names of the files where the tables will be printed
    const string number = (is_final ? "final" : represent_number(it));
    tfile = Prefix + ".t3." + number;
    tfile_actual = Prefix + ".actual.t3." + number;
    afile = Prefix + ".a3." + number;
    nfile = Prefix + ".n3." + number;
    nfile_actual = Prefix + ".actual.n3." + number;
    dfile = Prefix + ".d3." + number;
    d4file = Prefix + ".d4." + number;
    d4file2 = Prefix + ".D4." + number;
    d5file = Prefix + ".d5." + number;
    alignfile = Prefix + ".A3_";
    alignfile += represent_number(iter, 3);
    alignfile += ".part" + represent_number(part, 3);
    test_alignfile = Prefix + ".tst.A3." + number;
    p0file = Prefix + ".p0_3." + number;
  }
  // clear count tables
  //    tCountTable.clear();
  dCountTable.clear();
  aCountTable.clear();
  initAL();
  nCountTable.clear();
  p0_count = p1_count = 0;

#ifdef TRICKY_IBM3_TRAINING

#define TRAIN_ARGS perp,      trainViterbiPerp, sHandler1,    true, alignfile.c_str(),     true,  modelName,is_final
#define TEST_ARGS  *testPerp, *testViterbiPerp, *testHandler, dump_files, test_alignfile.c_str(),false, modelName,is_final
  viterbi_loop_with_tricks<transpair_model3>( TRAIN_ARGS, (void*)0,(void*)0);
  if (testPerp && testHandler)
    viterbi_loop_with_tricks<transpair_model3>( TEST_ARGS, (void*)0,(void*)0);

#else
  viterbi_loop(perp, trainViterbiPerp, sHandler1, dump_files,
               alignfile.c_str(), true, model);
  if (testPerp && testHandler)
    viterbi_loop(*testPerp, *testViterbiPerp, *testHandler,
                 dump_files, test_alignfile.c_str(), false, model);
#endif
  if (errorsAL()<minErrors) {
    minErrors=errorsAL();
    minIter=it;
  }
  return minIter;
}

d4model* model3::viterbi_3to4()
{
  double minErrors=1.0;
  bool is_final = false;
  bool dump_files = false;
  if(ewordclasses==NULL)
    ewordclasses = new WordClasses;
  if(fwordclasses==NULL)
    fwordclasses = new WordClasses;

  d4model *dm1 = new d4model(MAX_SENTENCE_LENGTH,*ewordclasses,*fwordclasses);
  d4model& d4m = *dm1;
  //d4m.makeWordClasses(Elist, Flist, SourceVocabFilename+".classes",
  //		TargetVocabFilename+".classes");

  string tfile, tfile_actual, dfile, afile, nfile, nfile_actual, p0file,
         alignfile, number, test_alignfile, d4file, d5file, zeroFertFile;
  time_t st = time(NULL);
  cout << "Starting Model 3 To Model 4 Viterbi Training";
  cout << "\n hto3 Training Started at: "<< my_ctime(&st) << '\n';
  string modelName="34";
  int it = 1;
  //cout <<"\n---------------------\n"<<modelName<<": Iteration " << it<<'\n';

  dump_files = (is_final || ((Model3_Dump_Freq != 0) && ((it % Model3_Dump_Freq)
                          == 0))) && !NODUMPS;
  dump_files = true;
  string d4file2;
  {
    // set up the names of the files where the tables will be printed
    const string number = (is_final ? "final" : represent_number(it));
    tfile = Prefix + ".t3." + number;
    tfile_actual = Prefix + ".actual.t3." + number;
    afile = Prefix + ".a3." + number;
    nfile = Prefix + ".n3." + number;
    nfile_actual = Prefix + ".actual.n3." + number;
    dfile = Prefix + ".d3." + number;
    d4file = Prefix + ".d4." + number;
    d4file2 = Prefix + ".D4." + number;
    d5file = Prefix + ".d5." + number;
    alignfile = Prefix + ".A34_";
    alignfile += represent_number(iter, 3);
    alignfile += ".part" + represent_number(part, 3);
    test_alignfile = Prefix + ".tst.A3." + number;
    p0file = Prefix + ".p0_3." + number;
  }
  // clear count tables
  //    tCountTable.clear();
  dCountTable.clear();
  aCountTable.clear();
  initAL();
  nCountTable.clear();
  p0_count = p1_count = 0;

#ifdef TRICKY_IBM3_TRAINING

#define TRAIN_ARGS perp,      trainViterbiPerp, sHandler1,    true, alignfile.c_str(),     true,  modelName,is_final
#define TEST_ARGS  *testPerp, *testViterbiPerp, *testHandler, dump_files, test_alignfile.c_str(),false, modelName,is_final
  viterbi_loop_with_tricks<transpair_model3, void, d4model>(TRAIN_ARGS, (void*)0,&d4m);
  if (testPerp && testHandler)
    viterbi_loop_with_tricks<transpair_model3, void, d4model>( TEST_ARGS , (void*)0,&d4m);

#else
  viterbi_loop(perp, trainViterbiPerp, sHandler1, dump_files,
               alignfile.c_str(), true, model);
  if (testPerp && testHandler)
    viterbi_loop(*testPerp, *testViterbiPerp, *testHandler,
                 dump_files, test_alignfile.c_str(), false, model);
#endif
  if (errorsAL()<minErrors) minErrors=errorsAL();
  return dm1;
}

int model3::viterbi_4to4(d4model& d4m)
{
  double minErrors=1.0;
  int minIter=0;
  bool dump_files = false;

  //d4model d4m(MAX_SENTENCE_LENGTH);
  //d4m.makeWordClasses(Elist, Flist, SourceVocabFilename+".classes",
  //		TargetVocabFilename+".classes");

  string tfile, tfile_actual, dfile, afile, nfile, nfile_actual, p0file,
         alignfile, number, test_alignfile, d4file, d5file, zeroFertFile;

  cout << "Starting Model4 To Model 4 Viterbi Training";
  int it = 1;
  bool is_final = false;
  dump_files = (is_final || ((Model3_Dump_Freq != 0) && ((it % Model3_Dump_Freq)
                          == 0))) && !NODUMPS;
  dump_files = true;

  string modelName="H23";
  //cout <<"\n---------------------\n"<<modelName<<": Iteration " << it<<'\n';
  string d4file2;
  {
    // set up the names of the files where the tables will be printed
    const string number = represent_number(it);
    tfile = Prefix + ".t3." + number;
    tfile_actual = Prefix + ".actual.t3." + number;
    afile = Prefix + ".a3." + number;
    nfile = Prefix + ".n3." + number;
    nfile_actual = Prefix + ".actual.n3." + number;
    dfile = Prefix + ".d3." + number;
    d4file = Prefix + ".d4." + number;
    d4file2 = Prefix + ".D4." + number;
    d5file = Prefix + ".d5." + number;
    alignfile = Prefix + ".A4_";
    alignfile += represent_number(iter, 3);
    alignfile += ".part" + represent_number(part, 3);
    test_alignfile = Prefix + ".tst.A3." + number;
    p0file = Prefix + ".p0_3." + number;
  }
  // clear count tables
  //    tCountTable.clear();
  dCountTable.clear();
  aCountTable.clear();
  initAL();
  nCountTable.clear();
  p0_count = p1_count = 0;

#ifdef TRICKY_IBM3_TRAINING

#define TRAIN_ARGS perp,      trainViterbiPerp, sHandler1,    true, alignfile.c_str(),     true,  modelName,is_final
#define TEST_ARGS  *testPerp, *testViterbiPerp, *testHandler, dump_files, test_alignfile.c_str(),false, modelName,is_final

  viterbi_loop_with_tricks<transpair_model4, d4model, d4model>(TRAIN_ARGS , &d4m,&d4m);

  if (testPerp && testHandler)
    viterbi_loop_with_tricks<transpair_model4, d4model, d4model>( TEST_ARGS, &d4m,&d4m);

#else
  viterbi_loop(perp, trainViterbiPerp, sHandler1, dump_files,
               alignfile.c_str(), true, model);
  if (testPerp && testHandler)
    viterbi_loop(*testPerp, *testViterbiPerp, *testHandler,
                 dump_files, test_alignfile.c_str(), false, model);
#endif
  if (errorsAL()<minErrors) {
    minErrors=errorsAL();
    minIter=it;
  }
  return minIter;
}

struct model3_align_struct {
  model3 *m;
  int part;
  int iter;
  int valid;
  pthread_t thread;
  int done;
  d4model *d4;
  int result;
  model3_align_struct() :
    m(NULL), part(0), iter(0), valid(0), done(0), d4(NULL) {
  }

};

void* em_thread_h23(void *arg)
{
  model3_align_struct * m3 = (model3_align_struct*) arg;
  m3->m->initAL();
  m3->result = m3->m->viterbi_hto3();
  m3->done = 1;
  return m3;
}

void* em_thread_323(void *arg)
{
  model3_align_struct * m3 = (model3_align_struct*) arg;
  m3->m->initAL();
  m3->result = m3->m->viterbi_3to3();
  m3->done = 1;
  return m3;
}

void* em_thread_324(void *arg)
{
  model3_align_struct * m3 = (model3_align_struct*) arg;
  m3->m->initAL();
  m3->d4 = m3->m->viterbi_3to4();
  m3->done = 1;
  return m3;
}

void* em_thread_424(void *arg)
{
  model3_align_struct * m3 = (model3_align_struct*) arg;
  m3->m->initAL();
  m3->result = m3->m->viterbi_4to4(*(m3->d4));
  m3->done = 1;
  return m3;
}

void multi_thread_m34_em(model3& m3, int ncpu, int Model3_Iterations,
                         int Model4_Iterations)
{
  string tfile, tfile_actual, dfile, afile, nfile, nfile_actual, p0file,
         alignfile, number, test_alignfile, d4file, d5file, zeroFertFile;
  vector<model3_align_struct> threads;
  bool dump_files;
  threads.resize(ncpu);
  time_t it_st, st, it_fn, fn;
  int i, j;
  ncpu=1;
  vector<amodel<COUNT> > counts;
  counts.resize(ncpu);
  m3.part=0;
  for (i=1; i<ncpu; i++) {
    threads[i].m = new model3(m3,m3.dTable,m3.nTable,counts[i]);
    threads[i].m->setHMM(m3.h);
    threads[i].m->part = i;
  }
  d4model *d4m= NULL;
  st = time(NULL);

  string trainingString;
  trainingString+=(m3.h ? 'H' : '3');
  for (int i=0; i<Model3_Iterations; ++i)
    trainingString+='3';
  for (int i=0; i<Model4_Iterations; ++i)
    trainingString+='4';
  cout << "\n==========================================================\n";
  cout << "Starting "<<trainingString<<":  Viterbi Training";
  cout << "\n "<<trainingString<<" Training Started at: "<< my_ctime(&st)
       << '\n';

  for (i=0; i<Model3_Iterations+Model4_Iterations; i++) {
    m3.perp.clear();
    m3.trainViterbiPerp.clear();
    m3.iter = i;
    bool is_final = (i==Model3_Iterations-1 || i == Model4_Iterations
                  +Model3_Iterations-1);
    dump_files = (is_final || ((Model3_Dump_Freq != 0) && ((i
                            % Model3_Dump_Freq) == 0))) && !NODUMPS;
    m3.sHandler1.rewind();
    m3.perp.clear() ; // clears cross_entrop & perplexity
    m3.trainViterbiPerp.clear() ; // clears cross_entrop & perplexity
    string modelName;
    it_st = time(NULL);
    dump_files = (is_final || ((Model3_Dump_Freq != 0) && ((i
                            % Model3_Dump_Freq) == 0))) && !NODUMPS;
    string d4file2;
    {
      // set up the names of the files where the tables will be printed
      const string number = (is_final ? "final": represent_number(i));
      tfile = Prefix + ".t3." + number;
      tfile_actual = Prefix + ".actual.t3." + number;
      afile = Prefix + ".a3." + number;
      nfile = Prefix + ".n3." + number;
      nfile_actual = Prefix + ".actual.n3." + number;
      dfile = Prefix + ".d3." + number;
      d4file = Prefix + ".d4." + number;
      d4file2 = Prefix + ".D4." + number;
      d5file = Prefix + ".d5." + number;
      alignfile = Prefix + ".A3." + number;
      test_alignfile = Prefix + ".tst.A3." + number;
      p0file = Prefix + ".p0_3." + number;
    }
    if (m3.testPerp && m3.testHandler) {
      m3.testHandler->rewind();
      m3.testPerp->clear();
      m3.testViterbiPerp->clear();
    }

    for (j=1; j<ncpu; j++) {
      threads[j].m->p0 = m3.p0;
      threads[j].m->p1 = m3.p1;
      threads[j].m->p0_count = 0;
      threads[j].m->p1_count = 0;
      threads[j].m->nCountTable.clear();
      threads[j].m->dCountTable.clear();
      threads[j].m->aCountTable.clear();
      threads[j].m->iter = i;
      if (threads[j].d4) {
        *(threads[j].d4) = *d4m;
        threads[j].d4->clear();
      }
    }
    if (i==0) { // H23
      for (j=1; j<ncpu; j++) {
        threads[j].valid = pthread_create(&(threads[j].thread), NULL,
                                          em_thread_h23, &(threads[j]));
        if (threads[j].valid) {
          cerr << "Error Starting Thread " << j << endl;
        }
      }
      modelName = "HTO3";
      m3.viterbi_hto3();
      while (1) {
        bool done = true;
        for (j=1; j<ncpu; j++) {
          //pthread_join((args[j].thread),NULL);
          // Start normalization as soon as possible
          if (threads[j].done==1) {
            threads[j].done = 2;
            m3.aCountTable.merge(threads[j].m->aCountTable);
            m3.dCountTable.merge(threads[j].m->dCountTable);
            m3.nCountTable.merge(threads[j].m->nCountTable,
                                 m3.Elist.uniqTokens(), m3.Elist.getVocabList());
            m3.p0_count += threads[j].m->p0_count;
            m3.p1_count += threads[j].m->p1_count;
          } else if (threads[j].done==2) {
            // Nothing
          } else if (threads[j].done==0) {
            done = false;
          }
        }
        if (done)
          break;
      }
    } else if (i>0 && i< Model3_Iterations) {
      modelName = "3TO3";
      for (j=1; j<ncpu; j++) {
        threads[j].valid = pthread_create(&(threads[j].thread), NULL,
                                          em_thread_323, &(threads[j]));
        if (threads[j].valid) {
          cerr << "Error Starting Thread " << j << endl;
        }
      }
      m3.viterbi_3to3();
      while (1) {
        bool done = true;
        for (j=1; j<ncpu; j++) {
          //pthread_join((args[j].thread),NULL);
          // Start normalization as soon as possible
          if (threads[j].done==1) {
            threads[j].done = 2;
            m3.aCountTable.merge(threads[j].m->aCountTable);
            m3.dCountTable.merge(threads[j].m->dCountTable);
            m3.nCountTable.merge(threads[j].m->nCountTable,
                                 m3.Elist.uniqTokens(), m3.Elist.getVocabList());
            m3.p0_count += threads[j].m->p0_count;
            m3.p1_count += threads[j].m->p1_count;
          } else if (threads[j].done==2) {
            // Nothing
          } else if (threads[j].done==0) {
            done = false;
          }
        }
        if (done)
          break;
      }
    } else if (i==Model3_Iterations) {
      modelName = "3TO4";
      for (j=1; j<ncpu; j++) {
        threads[j].valid = pthread_create(&(threads[j].thread), NULL,
                                          em_thread_324, &(threads[j]));
        if (threads[j].valid) {
          cerr << "Error Starting Thread " << j << endl;
        }
      }
      d4m = m3.viterbi_3to4();
      while (1) {
        bool done = true;
        for (j=1; j<ncpu; j++) {
          //pthread_join((args[j].thread),NULL);
          // Start normalization as soon as possible
          if (threads[j].done==1) {
            threads[j].done = 2;
            m3.aCountTable.merge(threads[j].m->aCountTable);
            m3.dCountTable.merge(threads[j].m->dCountTable);
            m3.nCountTable.merge(threads[j].m->nCountTable,
                                 m3.Elist.uniqTokens(), m3.Elist.getVocabList());
            m3.p0_count += threads[j].m->p0_count;
            m3.p1_count += threads[j].m->p1_count;
            d4m->merge(*threads[j].d4);
          } else if (threads[j].done==2) {
            // Nothing
          } else if (threads[j].done==0) {
            done = false;
          }
        }
        if (done)
          break;
      }
    } else if (i>Model3_Iterations) {
      modelName = "4TO4";
      for (j=1; j<ncpu; j++) {
        threads[j].valid = pthread_create(&(threads[j].thread), NULL,
                                          em_thread_424, &(threads[j]));
        if (threads[j].valid) {
          cerr << "Error Starting Thread " << j << endl;
        }
      }
      m3.viterbi_4to4(*d4m);
      while (1) {
        bool done = true;
        for (j=1; j<ncpu; j++) {
          //pthread_join((args[j].thread),NULL);
          // Start normalization as soon as possible
          if (threads[j].done==1) {
            threads[j].done = 2;
            m3.aCountTable.merge(threads[j].m->aCountTable);
            m3.dCountTable.merge(threads[j].m->dCountTable);
            m3.nCountTable.merge(threads[j].m->nCountTable,
                                 m3.Elist.uniqTokens(), m3.Elist.getVocabList());
            m3.p0_count += threads[j].m->p0_count;
            m3.p1_count += threads[j].m->p1_count;
            d4m->merge(*(threads[j].d4));
          } else if (threads[j].done==2) {
            // Nothing
          } else if (threads[j].done==0) {
            done = false;
          }
        }
        if (done)
          break;
      }
    }
    m3.perp.record(modelName);
    m3.errorReportAL(cerr, modelName);
    m3.trainViterbiPerp.record(modelName);

    m3.tTable.normalizeTable(m3.Elist, m3.Flist);
    m3.aCountTable.normalize(m3.aTable);
    m3.aCountTable.clear();
    m3.dCountTable.normalize(m3.dTable);
    m3.dCountTable.clear();
    m3.nCountTable.normalize(m3.nTable, &(m3.Elist.getVocabList()));
    m3.nCountTable.clear();
    cout << "p0_count is " << m3.p0_count << " and p1 is " << m3.p1_count
         << "; ";
    if (P0!=-1.0) {
      m3.p0 = P0;
      m3.p1 = 1-P0;
    } else {
      if (m3.p1_count + m3.p0_count != 0) {
        m3.p1 = m3.p1_count / (m3.p1_count + m3.p0_count );
        m3.p0 = 1 - m3.p1;
      } else {
        m3.p1 = m3.p0 = 0;
        cerr << "ERROR: p0_count+p1_count is zero!!!\n";
      }
    }
    m3.p0_count = m3.p1_count = 0;
    cout << "p0 is " << m3.p0 << " p1: " << m3.p1 << '\n';
    if (d4m) {
      d4m->normalizeTable();
      d4m->clear();
    }

    cout << modelName<<": TRAIN CROSS-ENTROPY " << m3.perp.cross_entropy()
         << " PERPLEXITY " << m3.perp.perplexity() << '\n';
    if (m3.testPerp && m3.testHandler)
      cout << modelName << ":("<<i<<" TEST CROSS-ENTROPY "
           << m3.testPerp->cross_entropy() << " PERPLEXITY "
           << m3.testPerp->perplexity() << " sum: "
           << m3.testPerp->getSum()<< " wc: "
           << m3.testPerp->word_count() << '\n';
    cout << modelName << ": ("<<i<<") TRAIN VITERBI CROSS-ENTROPY "
         << m3.trainViterbiPerp.cross_entropy() << " PERPLEXITY "
         << m3.trainViterbiPerp.perplexity() << '\n';
    bool dump_files = true;
    if (dump_files) {
      if (OutputInAachenFormat==0)
        m3.tTable.printProbTable(tfile.c_str(),
                                 m3.Elist.getVocabList(), m3.Flist.getVocabList(),
                                 OutputInAachenFormat);
      m3.aTable.printTable(afile.c_str());
      m3.dTable.printTable(dfile.c_str());
      m3.nTable.printNTable(m3.Elist.uniqTokens(), nfile.c_str(),
                            m3.Elist.getVocabList(), OutputInAachenFormat);
      ofstream of(p0file.c_str());
      of << m3.p0;
      of.close();
    }
    it_fn = time(NULL);
    cout << "\n" << modelName << " Viterbi Iteration : "<<i<< " took: "
         << difftime(it_fn, it_st) << " seconds\n";
  }
  fn = time(NULL);
  cout << trainingString <<" Training Finished at: " << my_ctime(&fn) << "\n";
  cout << "\n" << "Entire Viterbi "<<trainingString<<" Training took: "
       << difftime(fn, st) << " seconds\n";
  cout << "==========================================================\n";

}