Musique vs other programming languages cheatsheet

2022-09-21 16:42:18 +02:00 · 2022-09-21 16:42:18 +02:00 · f42e700747
commit f42e700747
parent 34eb56ac50
3 changed files with 262 additions and 0 deletions
--- a/.gitignore
+++ b/.gitignore
@ -10,3 +10,4 @@ drafts.cc
 .cache
 release_*
 *.zip
 *.html
--- a/doc/musique-vs-languages-cheatsheet.template
+++ b/doc/musique-vs-languages-cheatsheet.template
@ -0,0 +1,121 @@
 TITLE Porównanie Musique z typowymi językami programowania
 BEGIN CSS
 table, tr, td {
 font-size: 12pt;
 border: 1pt solid #DDDDDD;
 border-collapse: collapse;
 vertical-align: top;
 }
 td, th {
 	padding: 2px;
 }
 END CSS
 BEGIN INTRO
 <h1>Ściągawka Musique, a Python i Ruby</h1>
 Ponieważ Musique jest kierowany do osób posiadających doświadczenie z muzyką algorytmiczną, szybkim sposobem na podstawowe poznanie języka jest porównanie z innymi technologiami w tej dziedzinie. Ten dokument służy bardziej ukazaniu różnic niż omówieniu samego języka.
 END INTRO
 BEGIN TABLE
 n Kategoria
 m Musique
 p Python
 r Ruby (SonicPi)
 c Komentarz
 n Deklaracja
 m x := 0
 p x = 0
 r x = 0
 c Zmienne należy zadeklarować by móc z nich korzystać
 n Aktualizacja
 m x = 1
 r x = 1
 p x = 1
 n Operacje matematyczne
 m x = 10 * 30 - 40 ** 2
 p x = 10 * 30 - 40 ** 2
 r x = 10 * 30 - 40 ** 2
 c Zarówno Python, Ruby jak i Musique posiadają operator potęgi **
 n Funkcja anonimowa
 m add := [x y | x + y]
 p add = lambda x, y: x + y
 r add = ->(x, y) { x + y }
 n Deklaracja funkcji
 m add := [x y |
 m   say x y;
 m   x + y
 m ]
 p def add(x, y):
 p     print(x, y)
 p     return x + y
 r def add(x, y)
 r     puts x, y
 r     return x + y
 r end
 c Musique nie rozróżnia funkcji anonimowych i zadeklarowanych
 n Tablice
 m x = [1; 2; 3; 4]
 p x = [1, 2, 3, 4]
 r x = [1, 2, 3, 4]
 n Nty element tablicy
 m x.n
 p x[n]
 r x[n]
 n Aktualizacja ntego elementu tablicy
 m x = update x n 10
 p x[n] = 10
 r x[n] = 10
 n Tablica od 0 do 9 włącznie
 m x = up 10
 p x = range(10)
 r x = [*0..9]
 n Tablica od 1 do 10 włącznie
 m x = 1 + up 10
 m lub x = range 1 11
 p x = range(1, 11)
 r x = [*1..10]
 n Iloczyn elementów tablicy
 m fold '* (1 + up 5)
 p functools.reduce(
 p   operator.mul, range(1, 6), 1)
 r [*1..5].inject(:*)
 c Musique pozwala zmienić dowolny operator w funkcję
 c poprzez zapis 'operator jak '* w przykładzie
 n Instrukcja warunkowa
 m if (n == 42)
 m   [ say 1 ]
 m   [ say 2 ]
 p if n == 42:
 p   print(1)
 p else:
 p   print(2)
 r if n == 42
 r   puts 1
 r else
 r   puts 2
 r end
 c Musique nie posiada instrukcji warunkowej, a funkcję if,
 c która przyjmuje wartość logiczną i dwa bloki (funkcje anonimowe)
 c - jeden z nich zostanie wykonany jeśli warunek jest prawdziwy,
 c a drugi jeśli jest fałszywy.
 n Wyrażenie warunkowe
 m x := if (n == 42) [1] [2]
 p x = 1 if n == 42 else 2
 r x = n == 42 ? 1 : 2
 END TABLE
--- a/scripts/language-cmp-cheatsheet.py
+++ b/scripts/language-cmp-cheatsheet.py
@ -0,0 +1,140 @@
 import argparse
 import os
 import string
 import collections
 Directive = collections.namedtuple("Directive", "line_number type content")
 HTML_TEMPLATE = string.Template("""<!DOCTYPE html>
 <html>
    <head>
        <meta charset="utf-8" />
        <title>$title</title>
        <style>$css</style>
    </head>
    <body>
        <p>$intro</p>
        <table> $table </table>
    </body>
 </html>
 """)
 def parse_table(lines: list):
    previus_column_type = None
    rows, order = [{}], []
    current_row = rows[0]
    # Each nonblank matches this regular expression /(\S*)\s(.*)/
    # where first capture is type of column (essentialy column id) and
    # second capture is given cell content. Where column type repeats not in row
    # we have new row.
    for line in lines:
        if not line:
            continue
        sep = line.find(' ')
        column_type, cell_content = line[:sep].strip(), line[sep:]
        if column_type not in order:
            order.append(column_type)
        if previus_column_type != column_type and column_type in current_row:
            rows.append({})
            current_row = rows[-1]
        cell = current_row.get(column_type, [])
        cell.append(cell_content)
        current_row[column_type] = cell
        previus_column_type = column_type
    # Eliminate common whitespace prefix in given column type (not all whitespace
    # prefix since examples in Python may have significant whitespace)
    for row in rows:
        for cell in row.values():
            prefix_whitespace = min(len(s) - len(s.lstrip()) for s in cell)
            for i, s in enumerate(cell):
                cell[i] = s[prefix_whitespace:]
    return rows, order
 def compile_template(*, template_path: str, target_path: str):
    # Read template file and separate it into lines
    with open(template_path) as f:
        template = [line.strip() for line in f.readlines()]
    directives = []
    for i, line in enumerate(template):
        s = line.split()
        if s and s[0] in ("BEGIN", "END", "TITLE"):
            directives.append(Directive(i, s[0], line[len(s[0]):].strip()))
    title, css_source, table_source, intro_source = 4 * [None]
    for directive in directives:
        if directive.type == "TITLE":
            title = directive.content
            continue
        if directive.type == "BEGIN":
            start_line = directive.line_number
            for end in directives:
                if end.type == "END" and end.content == directive.content:
                    end_line = end.line_number
                    break
            else:
                assert False, "Begin without matching end"
            span = template[start_line+1:end_line]
            if directive.content == "CSS":
                css_source = span
            elif directive.content == "TABLE":
                table_source = span
            elif directive.content == "INTRO":
                intro_source = span
    assert css_source is not None
    assert table_source is not None
    assert intro_source is not None
    assert title is not None
    rows, columns_order = parse_table(lines=table_source)
    table = ""
    for i, row in enumerate(rows):
        if i == 0:
            line = ["<th>" + ' '.join(row[k]) + "</th>" for k in columns_order]
        else:
            line = []
            for column in columns_order:
                val = row.get(column, [])
                line.append('<td><pre><code>' + '<br/>'.join(val) + '</code></pre></td>')
        table += "<tr>\n" + '\n'.join(line) + "\n</tr>\n"
    final = HTML_TEMPLATE.substitute({
        "title": title,
        "css": "\n".join(css_source),
        "table": table,
        "intro": "\n".join(intro_source)
    })
    with open(target_path, "w") as f:
        f.write(final)
 def main():
    parser = argparse.ArgumentParser(description="Build language comparison chart")
    parser.add_argument(nargs='+', metavar="TEMPLATE", dest="templates", help="Template file that will be converted to HTML page")
    args = parser.parse_args()
    for template in args.templates:
        dst, _ = os.path.splitext(template)
        dst += ".html"
        compile_template(template_path=template, target_path=dst)
 if __name__ == "__main__":
    main()