2363d6de43
git-svn-id: http://google-refine.googlecode.com/svn/trunk@517 7d457c2a-affb-35e4-300a-418c747d4874
752 lines
26 KiB
Python
752 lines
26 KiB
Python
#! /usr/bin/env python
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'''SMTP/ESMTP client class.
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This should follow RFC 821 (SMTP), RFC 1869 (ESMTP), RFC 2554 (SMTP
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Authentication) and RFC 2487 (Secure SMTP over TLS).
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Notes:
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Please remember, when doing ESMTP, that the names of the SMTP service
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extensions are NOT the same thing as the option keywords for the RCPT
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and MAIL commands!
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Example:
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>>> import smtplib
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>>> s=smtplib.SMTP("localhost")
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>>> print s.help()
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This is Sendmail version 8.8.4
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Topics:
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HELO EHLO MAIL RCPT DATA
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RSET NOOP QUIT HELP VRFY
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EXPN VERB ETRN DSN
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For more info use "HELP <topic>".
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To report bugs in the implementation send email to
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sendmail-bugs@sendmail.org.
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For local information send email to Postmaster at your site.
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End of HELP info
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>>> s.putcmd("vrfy","someone@here")
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>>> s.getreply()
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(250, "Somebody OverHere <somebody@here.my.org>")
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>>> s.quit()
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'''
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# Author: The Dragon De Monsyne <dragondm@integral.org>
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# ESMTP support, test code and doc fixes added by
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# Eric S. Raymond <esr@thyrsus.com>
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# Better RFC 821 compliance (MAIL and RCPT, and CRLF in data)
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# by Carey Evans <c.evans@clear.net.nz>, for picky mail servers.
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# RFC 2554 (authentication) support by Gerhard Haering <gerhard@bigfoot.de>.
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#
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# This was modified from the Python 1.5 library HTTP lib.
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import socket
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import re
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import email.Utils
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import base64
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import hmac
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from email.base64MIME import encode as encode_base64
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from sys import stderr
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__all__ = ["SMTPException","SMTPServerDisconnected","SMTPResponseException",
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"SMTPSenderRefused","SMTPRecipientsRefused","SMTPDataError",
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"SMTPConnectError","SMTPHeloError","SMTPAuthenticationError",
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"quoteaddr","quotedata","SMTP"]
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SMTP_PORT = 25
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CRLF="\r\n"
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OLDSTYLE_AUTH = re.compile(r"auth=(.*)", re.I)
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# Exception classes used by this module.
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class SMTPException(Exception):
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"""Base class for all exceptions raised by this module."""
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class SMTPServerDisconnected(SMTPException):
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"""Not connected to any SMTP server.
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This exception is raised when the server unexpectedly disconnects,
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or when an attempt is made to use the SMTP instance before
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connecting it to a server.
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"""
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class SMTPResponseException(SMTPException):
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"""Base class for all exceptions that include an SMTP error code.
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These exceptions are generated in some instances when the SMTP
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server returns an error code. The error code is stored in the
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`smtp_code' attribute of the error, and the `smtp_error' attribute
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is set to the error message.
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"""
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def __init__(self, code, msg):
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self.smtp_code = code
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self.smtp_error = msg
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self.args = (code, msg)
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class SMTPSenderRefused(SMTPResponseException):
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"""Sender address refused.
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In addition to the attributes set by on all SMTPResponseException
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exceptions, this sets `sender' to the string that the SMTP refused.
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"""
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def __init__(self, code, msg, sender):
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self.smtp_code = code
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self.smtp_error = msg
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self.sender = sender
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self.args = (code, msg, sender)
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class SMTPRecipientsRefused(SMTPException):
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"""All recipient addresses refused.
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The errors for each recipient are accessible through the attribute
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'recipients', which is a dictionary of exactly the same sort as
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SMTP.sendmail() returns.
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"""
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def __init__(self, recipients):
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self.recipients = recipients
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self.args = ( recipients,)
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class SMTPDataError(SMTPResponseException):
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"""The SMTP server didn't accept the data."""
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class SMTPConnectError(SMTPResponseException):
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"""Error during connection establishment."""
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class SMTPHeloError(SMTPResponseException):
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"""The server refused our HELO reply."""
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class SMTPAuthenticationError(SMTPResponseException):
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"""Authentication error.
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Most probably the server didn't accept the username/password
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combination provided.
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"""
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class SSLFakeSocket:
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"""A fake socket object that really wraps a SSLObject.
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It only supports what is needed in smtplib.
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"""
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def __init__(self, realsock, sslobj):
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self.realsock = realsock
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self.sslobj = sslobj
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def send(self, str):
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self.sslobj.write(str)
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return len(str)
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sendall = send
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def close(self):
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self.realsock.close()
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class SSLFakeFile:
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"""A fake file like object that really wraps a SSLObject.
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It only supports what is needed in smtplib.
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"""
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def __init__(self, sslobj):
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self.sslobj = sslobj
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def readline(self):
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str = ""
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chr = None
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while chr != "\n":
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chr = self.sslobj.read(1)
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str += chr
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return str
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def close(self):
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pass
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def quoteaddr(addr):
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"""Quote a subset of the email addresses defined by RFC 821.
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Should be able to handle anything rfc822.parseaddr can handle.
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"""
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m = (None, None)
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try:
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m = email.Utils.parseaddr(addr)[1]
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except AttributeError:
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pass
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if m == (None, None): # Indicates parse failure or AttributeError
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# something weird here.. punt -ddm
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return "<%s>" % addr
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elif m is None:
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# the sender wants an empty return address
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return "<>"
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else:
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return "<%s>" % m
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def quotedata(data):
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"""Quote data for email.
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Double leading '.', and change Unix newline '\\n', or Mac '\\r' into
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Internet CRLF end-of-line.
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"""
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return re.sub(r'(?m)^\.', '..',
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re.sub(r'(?:\r\n|\n|\r(?!\n))', CRLF, data))
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class SMTP:
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"""This class manages a connection to an SMTP or ESMTP server.
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SMTP Objects:
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SMTP objects have the following attributes:
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helo_resp
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This is the message given by the server in response to the
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most recent HELO command.
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ehlo_resp
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This is the message given by the server in response to the
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most recent EHLO command. This is usually multiline.
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does_esmtp
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This is a True value _after you do an EHLO command_, if the
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server supports ESMTP.
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esmtp_features
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This is a dictionary, which, if the server supports ESMTP,
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will _after you do an EHLO command_, contain the names of the
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SMTP service extensions this server supports, and their
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parameters (if any).
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Note, all extension names are mapped to lower case in the
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dictionary.
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See each method's docstrings for details. In general, there is a
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method of the same name to perform each SMTP command. There is also a
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method called 'sendmail' that will do an entire mail transaction.
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"""
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debuglevel = 0
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file = None
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helo_resp = None
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ehlo_resp = None
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does_esmtp = 0
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def __init__(self, host = '', port = 0, local_hostname = None):
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"""Initialize a new instance.
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If specified, `host' is the name of the remote host to which to
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connect. If specified, `port' specifies the port to which to connect.
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By default, smtplib.SMTP_PORT is used. An SMTPConnectError is raised
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if the specified `host' doesn't respond correctly. If specified,
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`local_hostname` is used as the FQDN of the local host. By default,
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the local hostname is found using socket.getfqdn().
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"""
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self.esmtp_features = {}
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if host:
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(code, msg) = self.connect(host, port)
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if code != 220:
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raise SMTPConnectError(code, msg)
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if local_hostname is not None:
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self.local_hostname = local_hostname
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else:
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# RFC 2821 says we should use the fqdn in the EHLO/HELO verb, and
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# if that can't be calculated, that we should use a domain literal
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# instead (essentially an encoded IP address like [A.B.C.D]).
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fqdn = socket.getfqdn()
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if '.' in fqdn:
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self.local_hostname = fqdn
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else:
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# We can't find an fqdn hostname, so use a domain literal
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addr = '127.0.0.1'
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try:
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addr = socket.gethostbyname(socket.gethostname())
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except socket.gaierror:
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pass
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self.local_hostname = '[%s]' % addr
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def set_debuglevel(self, debuglevel):
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"""Set the debug output level.
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A non-false value results in debug messages for connection and for all
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messages sent to and received from the server.
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"""
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self.debuglevel = debuglevel
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def connect(self, host='localhost', port = 0):
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"""Connect to a host on a given port.
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If the hostname ends with a colon (`:') followed by a number, and
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there is no port specified, that suffix will be stripped off and the
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number interpreted as the port number to use.
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Note: This method is automatically invoked by __init__, if a host is
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specified during instantiation.
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"""
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if not port and (host.find(':') == host.rfind(':')):
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i = host.rfind(':')
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if i >= 0:
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host, port = host[:i], host[i+1:]
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try: port = int(port)
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except ValueError:
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raise socket.error, "nonnumeric port"
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if not port: port = SMTP_PORT
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if self.debuglevel > 0: print>>stderr, 'connect:', (host, port)
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msg = "getaddrinfo returns an empty list"
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self.sock = None
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for res in socket.getaddrinfo(host, port, 0, socket.SOCK_STREAM):
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af, socktype, proto, canonname, sa = res
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try:
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self.sock = socket.socket(af, socktype, proto)
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if self.debuglevel > 0: print>>stderr, 'connect:', sa
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self.sock.connect(sa)
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except socket.error, msg:
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if self.debuglevel > 0: print>>stderr, 'connect fail:', msg
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if self.sock:
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self.sock.close()
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self.sock = None
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continue
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break
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if not self.sock:
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raise socket.error, msg
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(code, msg) = self.getreply()
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if self.debuglevel > 0: print>>stderr, "connect:", msg
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return (code, msg)
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def send(self, str):
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"""Send `str' to the server."""
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if self.debuglevel > 0: print>>stderr, 'send:', repr(str)
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if hasattr(self, 'sock') and self.sock:
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try:
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self.sock.sendall(str)
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except socket.error:
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self.close()
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raise SMTPServerDisconnected('Server not connected')
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else:
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raise SMTPServerDisconnected('please run connect() first')
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def putcmd(self, cmd, args=""):
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"""Send a command to the server."""
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if args == "":
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str = '%s%s' % (cmd, CRLF)
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else:
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str = '%s %s%s' % (cmd, args, CRLF)
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self.send(str)
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def getreply(self):
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"""Get a reply from the server.
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Returns a tuple consisting of:
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- server response code (e.g. '250', or such, if all goes well)
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Note: returns -1 if it can't read response code.
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- server response string corresponding to response code (multiline
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responses are converted to a single, multiline string).
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Raises SMTPServerDisconnected if end-of-file is reached.
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"""
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resp=[]
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if self.file is None:
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self.file = self.sock.makefile('rb')
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while 1:
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line = self.file.readline()
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if line == '':
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self.close()
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raise SMTPServerDisconnected("Connection unexpectedly closed")
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if self.debuglevel > 0: print>>stderr, 'reply:', repr(line)
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resp.append(line[4:].strip())
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code=line[:3]
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# Check that the error code is syntactically correct.
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# Don't attempt to read a continuation line if it is broken.
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try:
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errcode = int(code)
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except ValueError:
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errcode = -1
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break
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# Check if multiline response.
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if line[3:4]!="-":
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break
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errmsg = "\n".join(resp)
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if self.debuglevel > 0:
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print>>stderr, 'reply: retcode (%s); Msg: %s' % (errcode,errmsg)
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return errcode, errmsg
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def docmd(self, cmd, args=""):
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"""Send a command, and return its response code."""
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self.putcmd(cmd,args)
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return self.getreply()
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# std smtp commands
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def helo(self, name=''):
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"""SMTP 'helo' command.
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Hostname to send for this command defaults to the FQDN of the local
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host.
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"""
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self.putcmd("helo", name or self.local_hostname)
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(code,msg)=self.getreply()
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self.helo_resp=msg
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return (code,msg)
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def ehlo(self, name=''):
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""" SMTP 'ehlo' command.
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Hostname to send for this command defaults to the FQDN of the local
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host.
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"""
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self.esmtp_features = {}
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self.putcmd("ehlo", name or self.local_hostname)
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(code,msg)=self.getreply()
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# According to RFC1869 some (badly written)
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# MTA's will disconnect on an ehlo. Toss an exception if
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# that happens -ddm
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if code == -1 and len(msg) == 0:
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self.close()
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raise SMTPServerDisconnected("Server not connected")
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self.ehlo_resp=msg
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if code != 250:
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return (code,msg)
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self.does_esmtp=1
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#parse the ehlo response -ddm
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resp=self.ehlo_resp.split('\n')
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del resp[0]
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for each in resp:
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# To be able to communicate with as many SMTP servers as possible,
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# we have to take the old-style auth advertisement into account,
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# because:
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# 1) Else our SMTP feature parser gets confused.
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# 2) There are some servers that only advertise the auth methods we
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# support using the old style.
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auth_match = OLDSTYLE_AUTH.match(each)
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if auth_match:
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# This doesn't remove duplicates, but that's no problem
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self.esmtp_features["auth"] = self.esmtp_features.get("auth", "") \
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+ " " + auth_match.groups(0)[0]
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continue
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# RFC 1869 requires a space between ehlo keyword and parameters.
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# It's actually stricter, in that only spaces are allowed between
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# parameters, but were not going to check for that here. Note
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# that the space isn't present if there are no parameters.
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m=re.match(r'(?P<feature>[A-Za-z0-9][A-Za-z0-9\-]*) ?',each)
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if m:
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feature=m.group("feature").lower()
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params=m.string[m.end("feature"):].strip()
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if feature == "auth":
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self.esmtp_features[feature] = self.esmtp_features.get(feature, "") \
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+ " " + params
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else:
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self.esmtp_features[feature]=params
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return (code,msg)
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def has_extn(self, opt):
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"""Does the server support a given SMTP service extension?"""
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return opt.lower() in self.esmtp_features
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def help(self, args=''):
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"""SMTP 'help' command.
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Returns help text from server."""
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self.putcmd("help", args)
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return self.getreply()[1]
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def rset(self):
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"""SMTP 'rset' command -- resets session."""
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return self.docmd("rset")
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def noop(self):
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"""SMTP 'noop' command -- doesn't do anything :>"""
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return self.docmd("noop")
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def mail(self,sender,options=[]):
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"""SMTP 'mail' command -- begins mail xfer session."""
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optionlist = ''
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if options and self.does_esmtp:
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optionlist = ' ' + ' '.join(options)
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self.putcmd("mail", "FROM:%s%s" % (quoteaddr(sender) ,optionlist))
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return self.getreply()
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def rcpt(self,recip,options=[]):
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"""SMTP 'rcpt' command -- indicates 1 recipient for this mail."""
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optionlist = ''
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if options and self.does_esmtp:
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optionlist = ' ' + ' '.join(options)
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self.putcmd("rcpt","TO:%s%s" % (quoteaddr(recip),optionlist))
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return self.getreply()
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def data(self,msg):
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"""SMTP 'DATA' command -- sends message data to server.
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Automatically quotes lines beginning with a period per rfc821.
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Raises SMTPDataError if there is an unexpected reply to the
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DATA command; the return value from this method is the final
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response code received when the all data is sent.
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"""
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self.putcmd("data")
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(code,repl)=self.getreply()
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if self.debuglevel >0 : print>>stderr, "data:", (code,repl)
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if code != 354:
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raise SMTPDataError(code,repl)
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else:
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q = quotedata(msg)
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if q[-2:] != CRLF:
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q = q + CRLF
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q = q + "." + CRLF
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self.send(q)
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(code,msg)=self.getreply()
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if self.debuglevel >0 : print>>stderr, "data:", (code,msg)
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return (code,msg)
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def verify(self, address):
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"""SMTP 'verify' command -- checks for address validity."""
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self.putcmd("vrfy", quoteaddr(address))
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return self.getreply()
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# a.k.a.
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vrfy=verify
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def expn(self, address):
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"""SMTP 'expn' command -- expands a mailing list."""
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self.putcmd("expn", quoteaddr(address))
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return self.getreply()
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# some useful methods
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def login(self, user, password):
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"""Log in on an SMTP server that requires authentication.
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The arguments are:
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- user: The user name to authenticate with.
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- password: The password for the authentication.
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If there has been no previous EHLO or HELO command this session, this
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|
method tries ESMTP EHLO first.
|
|
|
|
This method will return normally if the authentication was successful.
|
|
|
|
This method may raise the following exceptions:
|
|
|
|
SMTPHeloError The server didn't reply properly to
|
|
the helo greeting.
|
|
SMTPAuthenticationError The server didn't accept the username/
|
|
password combination.
|
|
SMTPException No suitable authentication method was
|
|
found.
|
|
"""
|
|
|
|
def encode_cram_md5(challenge, user, password):
|
|
challenge = base64.decodestring(challenge)
|
|
response = user + " " + hmac.HMAC(password, challenge).hexdigest()
|
|
return encode_base64(response, eol="")
|
|
|
|
def encode_plain(user, password):
|
|
return encode_base64("\0%s\0%s" % (user, password), eol="")
|
|
|
|
|
|
AUTH_PLAIN = "PLAIN"
|
|
AUTH_CRAM_MD5 = "CRAM-MD5"
|
|
AUTH_LOGIN = "LOGIN"
|
|
|
|
if self.helo_resp is None and self.ehlo_resp is None:
|
|
if not (200 <= self.ehlo()[0] <= 299):
|
|
(code, resp) = self.helo()
|
|
if not (200 <= code <= 299):
|
|
raise SMTPHeloError(code, resp)
|
|
|
|
if not self.has_extn("auth"):
|
|
raise SMTPException("SMTP AUTH extension not supported by server.")
|
|
|
|
# Authentication methods the server supports:
|
|
authlist = self.esmtp_features["auth"].split()
|
|
|
|
# List of authentication methods we support: from preferred to
|
|
# less preferred methods. Except for the purpose of testing the weaker
|
|
# ones, we prefer stronger methods like CRAM-MD5:
|
|
preferred_auths = [AUTH_CRAM_MD5, AUTH_PLAIN, AUTH_LOGIN]
|
|
|
|
# Determine the authentication method we'll use
|
|
authmethod = None
|
|
for method in preferred_auths:
|
|
if method in authlist:
|
|
authmethod = method
|
|
break
|
|
|
|
if authmethod == AUTH_CRAM_MD5:
|
|
(code, resp) = self.docmd("AUTH", AUTH_CRAM_MD5)
|
|
if code == 503:
|
|
# 503 == 'Error: already authenticated'
|
|
return (code, resp)
|
|
(code, resp) = self.docmd(encode_cram_md5(resp, user, password))
|
|
elif authmethod == AUTH_PLAIN:
|
|
(code, resp) = self.docmd("AUTH",
|
|
AUTH_PLAIN + " " + encode_plain(user, password))
|
|
elif authmethod == AUTH_LOGIN:
|
|
(code, resp) = self.docmd("AUTH",
|
|
"%s %s" % (AUTH_LOGIN, encode_base64(user, eol="")))
|
|
if code != 334:
|
|
raise SMTPAuthenticationError(code, resp)
|
|
(code, resp) = self.docmd(encode_base64(password, eol=""))
|
|
elif authmethod is None:
|
|
raise SMTPException("No suitable authentication method found.")
|
|
if code not in (235, 503):
|
|
# 235 == 'Authentication successful'
|
|
# 503 == 'Error: already authenticated'
|
|
raise SMTPAuthenticationError(code, resp)
|
|
return (code, resp)
|
|
|
|
def starttls(self, keyfile = None, certfile = None):
|
|
"""Puts the connection to the SMTP server into TLS mode.
|
|
|
|
If the server supports TLS, this will encrypt the rest of the SMTP
|
|
session. If you provide the keyfile and certfile parameters,
|
|
the identity of the SMTP server and client can be checked. This,
|
|
however, depends on whether the socket module really checks the
|
|
certificates.
|
|
"""
|
|
(resp, reply) = self.docmd("STARTTLS")
|
|
if resp == 220:
|
|
sslobj = socket.ssl(self.sock, keyfile, certfile)
|
|
self.sock = SSLFakeSocket(self.sock, sslobj)
|
|
self.file = SSLFakeFile(sslobj)
|
|
# RFC 3207:
|
|
# The client MUST discard any knowledge obtained from
|
|
# the server, such as the list of SMTP service extensions,
|
|
# which was not obtained from the TLS negotiation itself.
|
|
self.helo_resp = None
|
|
self.ehlo_resp = None
|
|
self.esmtp_features = {}
|
|
self.does_esmtp = 0
|
|
return (resp, reply)
|
|
|
|
def sendmail(self, from_addr, to_addrs, msg, mail_options=[],
|
|
rcpt_options=[]):
|
|
"""This command performs an entire mail transaction.
|
|
|
|
The arguments are:
|
|
- from_addr : The address sending this mail.
|
|
- to_addrs : A list of addresses to send this mail to. A bare
|
|
string will be treated as a list with 1 address.
|
|
- msg : The message to send.
|
|
- mail_options : List of ESMTP options (such as 8bitmime) for the
|
|
mail command.
|
|
- rcpt_options : List of ESMTP options (such as DSN commands) for
|
|
all the rcpt commands.
|
|
|
|
If there has been no previous EHLO or HELO command this session, this
|
|
method tries ESMTP EHLO first. If the server does ESMTP, message size
|
|
and each of the specified options will be passed to it. If EHLO
|
|
fails, HELO will be tried and ESMTP options suppressed.
|
|
|
|
This method will return normally if the mail is accepted for at least
|
|
one recipient. It returns a dictionary, with one entry for each
|
|
recipient that was refused. Each entry contains a tuple of the SMTP
|
|
error code and the accompanying error message sent by the server.
|
|
|
|
This method may raise the following exceptions:
|
|
|
|
SMTPHeloError The server didn't reply properly to
|
|
the helo greeting.
|
|
SMTPRecipientsRefused The server rejected ALL recipients
|
|
(no mail was sent).
|
|
SMTPSenderRefused The server didn't accept the from_addr.
|
|
SMTPDataError The server replied with an unexpected
|
|
error code (other than a refusal of
|
|
a recipient).
|
|
|
|
Note: the connection will be open even after an exception is raised.
|
|
|
|
Example:
|
|
|
|
>>> import smtplib
|
|
>>> s=smtplib.SMTP("localhost")
|
|
>>> tolist=["one@one.org","two@two.org","three@three.org","four@four.org"]
|
|
>>> msg = '''\\
|
|
... From: Me@my.org
|
|
... Subject: testin'...
|
|
...
|
|
... This is a test '''
|
|
>>> s.sendmail("me@my.org",tolist,msg)
|
|
{ "three@three.org" : ( 550 ,"User unknown" ) }
|
|
>>> s.quit()
|
|
|
|
In the above example, the message was accepted for delivery to three
|
|
of the four addresses, and one was rejected, with the error code
|
|
550. If all addresses are accepted, then the method will return an
|
|
empty dictionary.
|
|
|
|
"""
|
|
if self.helo_resp is None and self.ehlo_resp is None:
|
|
if not (200 <= self.ehlo()[0] <= 299):
|
|
(code,resp) = self.helo()
|
|
if not (200 <= code <= 299):
|
|
raise SMTPHeloError(code, resp)
|
|
esmtp_opts = []
|
|
if self.does_esmtp:
|
|
# Hmmm? what's this? -ddm
|
|
# self.esmtp_features['7bit']=""
|
|
if self.has_extn('size'):
|
|
esmtp_opts.append("size=%d" % len(msg))
|
|
for option in mail_options:
|
|
esmtp_opts.append(option)
|
|
|
|
(code,resp) = self.mail(from_addr, esmtp_opts)
|
|
if code != 250:
|
|
self.rset()
|
|
raise SMTPSenderRefused(code, resp, from_addr)
|
|
senderrs={}
|
|
if isinstance(to_addrs, basestring):
|
|
to_addrs = [to_addrs]
|
|
for each in to_addrs:
|
|
(code,resp)=self.rcpt(each, rcpt_options)
|
|
if (code != 250) and (code != 251):
|
|
senderrs[each]=(code,resp)
|
|
if len(senderrs)==len(to_addrs):
|
|
# the server refused all our recipients
|
|
self.rset()
|
|
raise SMTPRecipientsRefused(senderrs)
|
|
(code,resp) = self.data(msg)
|
|
if code != 250:
|
|
self.rset()
|
|
raise SMTPDataError(code, resp)
|
|
#if we got here then somebody got our mail
|
|
return senderrs
|
|
|
|
|
|
def close(self):
|
|
"""Close the connection to the SMTP server."""
|
|
if self.file:
|
|
self.file.close()
|
|
self.file = None
|
|
if self.sock:
|
|
self.sock.close()
|
|
self.sock = None
|
|
|
|
|
|
def quit(self):
|
|
"""Terminate the SMTP session."""
|
|
self.docmd("quit")
|
|
self.close()
|
|
|
|
|
|
# Test the sendmail method, which tests most of the others.
|
|
# Note: This always sends to localhost.
|
|
if __name__ == '__main__':
|
|
import sys
|
|
|
|
def prompt(prompt):
|
|
sys.stdout.write(prompt + ": ")
|
|
return sys.stdin.readline().strip()
|
|
|
|
fromaddr = prompt("From")
|
|
toaddrs = prompt("To").split(',')
|
|
print "Enter message, end with ^D:"
|
|
msg = ''
|
|
while 1:
|
|
line = sys.stdin.readline()
|
|
if not line:
|
|
break
|
|
msg = msg + line
|
|
print "Message length is %d" % len(msg)
|
|
|
|
server = SMTP('localhost')
|
|
server.set_debuglevel(1)
|
|
server.sendmail(fromaddr, toaddrs, msg)
|
|
server.quit()
|