1419 lines
98 KiB
HTML
1419 lines
98 KiB
HTML
<!doctype html>
|
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<html>
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<head>
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<meta charset='UTF-8'><meta name='viewport' content='width=device-width initial-scale=1'>
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<title>Wirtualne światy ĆW1</title><style type='text/css'>html {overflow-x: initial !important;}:root { --bg-color: #ffffff; --text-color: #333333; --select-text-bg-color: #B5D6FC; --select-text-font-color: auto; --monospace: "Lucida Console",Consolas,"Courier",monospace; --title-bar-height: 20px; }
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.mac-os-11 { --title-bar-height: 28px; }
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html { font-size: 14px; background-color: var(--bg-color); color: var(--text-color); font-family: "Helvetica Neue", Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif; -webkit-font-smoothing: antialiased; }
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body { margin: 0px; padding: 0px; height: auto; bottom: 0px; top: 0px; left: 0px; right: 0px; font-size: 1rem; line-height: 1.42857143; overflow-x: hidden; background-image: inherit; background-size: inherit; background-attachment: inherit; background-origin: inherit; background-clip: inherit; background-color: inherit; tab-size: 4; background-position: inherit inherit; background-repeat: inherit inherit; }
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iframe { margin: auto; }
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a.url { word-break: break-all; }
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a:active, a:hover { outline: 0px; }
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.in-text-selection, ::selection { text-shadow: none; background: var(--select-text-bg-color); color: var(--select-text-font-color); }
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body.typora-export { padding-left: 30px; padding-right: 30px; }
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#write { padding-left: 20px; padding-right: 20px; }
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.CodeMirror-gutters { display: none !important; }
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}
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#write ol, #write ul { position: relative; }
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img { max-width: 100%; vertical-align: middle; image-orientation: from-image; }
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p { line-height: inherit; }
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p { orphans: 4; }
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h1 { font-size: 2rem; }
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h2 { font-size: 1.8rem; }
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h3 { font-size: 1.6rem; }
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h4 { font-size: 1.4rem; }
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h5 { font-size: 1.2rem; }
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h6 { font-size: 1rem; }
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a { cursor: pointer; }
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figure { overflow-x: auto; margin: 1.2em 0px; max-width: calc(100% + 16px); padding: 0px; }
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figure > table { margin: 0px; }
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tr { break-inside: avoid; break-after: auto; }
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thead { display: table-header-group; }
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table { border-collapse: collapse; border-spacing: 0px; width: 100%; overflow: auto; break-inside: auto; text-align: left; }
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table.md-table td { min-width: 32px; }
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.footnotes { opacity: 0.8; font-size: 0.9rem; margin-top: 1em; margin-bottom: 1em; }
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li div { padding-top: 0px; }
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blockquote { margin: 1rem 0px; }
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li .mathjax-block, li p { margin: 0.5rem 0px; }
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li blockquote { margin: 1rem 0px; }
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li { margin: 0px; position: relative; }
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blockquote > :last-child { margin-bottom: 0px; }
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blockquote > :first-child, li > :first-child { margin-top: 0px; }
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.footnotes-area { color: rgb(136, 136, 136); margin-top: 0.714rem; padding-bottom: 0.143rem; white-space: normal; }
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#write .footnote-line { white-space: pre-wrap; }
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@media print {
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body, html { border: 1px solid transparent; height: 99%; break-after: avoid; break-before: avoid; font-variant-ligatures: no-common-ligatures; }
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#write { margin-top: 0px; padding-top: 0px; border-color: transparent !important; }
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.is-mac table { break-inside: avoid; }
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}
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.footnote-line { margin-top: 0.714em; font-size: 0.7em; }
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a img, img a { cursor: pointer; }
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pre.md-meta-block { font-size: 0.8rem; min-height: 0.8rem; white-space: pre-wrap; background-color: rgb(204, 204, 204); display: block; overflow-x: hidden; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial; }
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p > .md-image:only-child:not(.md-img-error) img, p > img:only-child { display: block; margin: auto; }
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p > .md-image:only-child { display: inline-block; width: 100%; }
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.md-math-block { width: 100%; }
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.md-task-list-item > input { position: absolute; top: 0px; left: 0px; margin-left: -1.2em; margin-top: calc(1em - 10px); border: none; }
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.math { font-size: 1rem; }
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.md-toc { min-height: 3.58rem; position: relative; font-size: 0.9rem; border-top-left-radius: 10px; border-top-right-radius: 10px; border-bottom-right-radius: 10px; border-bottom-left-radius: 10px; }
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.md-toc-content { position: relative; margin-left: 0px; }
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.md-toc-content::after, .md-toc::after { display: none; }
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.md-toc-item { display: block; color: rgb(65, 131, 196); }
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.md-toc-inner { display: inline-block; cursor: pointer; }
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.md-toc-h2 .md-toc-inner { margin-left: 2em; }
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.md-toc-h4 .md-toc-inner { margin-left: 6em; }
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.md-toc-h5 .md-toc-inner { margin-left: 8em; }
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.md-toc-h6 .md-toc-inner { margin-left: 10em; }
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@media screen and (max-width: 48em) {
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.md-toc-h3 .md-toc-inner { margin-left: 3.5em; }
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.md-toc-h4 .md-toc-inner { margin-left: 5em; }
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.md-toc-h5 .md-toc-inner { margin-left: 6.5em; }
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.md-toc-h6 .md-toc-inner { margin-left: 8em; }
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}
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a.md-toc-inner { font-size: inherit; font-style: inherit; font-weight: inherit; line-height: inherit; }
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.footnote-line a:not(.reversefootnote) { color: inherit; }
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.md-attr { display: none; }
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.md-fn-count::after { content: "."; }
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code, pre, samp, tt { font-family: var(--monospace); }
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kbd { margin: 0px 0.1em; padding: 0.1em 0.6em; font-size: 0.8em; color: rgb(36, 39, 41); background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255); border: 1px solid rgb(173, 179, 185); border-top-left-radius: 3px; border-top-right-radius: 3px; border-bottom-right-radius: 3px; border-bottom-left-radius: 3px; box-shadow: rgba(12, 13, 14, 0.2) 0px 1px 0px, rgb(255, 255, 255) 0px 0px 0px 2px inset; white-space: nowrap; vertical-align: middle; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial; }
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.md-comment { color: rgb(162, 127, 3); opacity: 0.8; font-family: var(--monospace); }
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code { text-align: left; }
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a.md-print-anchor { white-space: pre !important; border: none !important; display: inline-block !important; position: absolute !important; width: 1px !important; right: 0px !important; outline: 0px !important; text-shadow: initial !important; background-position: 0px 0px !important; background-repeat: initial initial !important; }
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[lang="flow"] svg, [lang="mermaid"] svg { max-width: 100%; height: auto; }
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[lang="mermaid"] .node text { font-size: 1rem; }
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table tr th { border-bottom-width: 0px; }
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video { max-width: 100%; display: block; margin: 0px auto; }
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iframe { max-width: 100%; width: 100%; border: none; }
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mark { background-color: rgb(255, 255, 0); color: rgb(0, 0, 0); background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial; }
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mark .md-meta { color: rgb(0, 0, 0); opacity: 0.3 !important; }
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}
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|
||
.CodeMirror div.CodeMirror-cursor { visibility: hidden; }
|
||
.CodeMirror-focused div.CodeMirror-cursor { visibility: inherit; }
|
||
.cm-searching { background-color: rgba(255, 255, 0, 0.4); background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial; }
|
||
@media print {
|
||
.CodeMirror div.CodeMirror-cursor { visibility: hidden; }
|
||
}
|
||
|
||
|
||
:root {
|
||
--mermaid-theme: night;
|
||
--node-fill: #BDD5EA;
|
||
}
|
||
|
||
[lang='mermaid'] .label {
|
||
color: #333;
|
||
}
|
||
|
||
/* CSS Document */
|
||
|
||
/** code highlight */
|
||
|
||
.cm-s-inner .cm-variable,
|
||
.cm-s-inner .cm-operator,
|
||
.cm-s-inner .cm-property {
|
||
color: #b8bfc6;
|
||
}
|
||
|
||
.cm-s-inner .cm-keyword {
|
||
color: #C88FD0;
|
||
}
|
||
|
||
.cm-s-inner .cm-tag {
|
||
color: #7DF46A;
|
||
}
|
||
|
||
.cm-s-inner .cm-attribute {
|
||
color: #7575E4;
|
||
}
|
||
|
||
.CodeMirror div.CodeMirror-cursor {
|
||
border-left: 1px solid #b8bfc6;
|
||
z-index: 3;
|
||
}
|
||
|
||
.cm-s-inner .cm-string {
|
||
color: #D26B6B;
|
||
}
|
||
|
||
.cm-s-inner .cm-comment,
|
||
.cm-s-inner.cm-comment {
|
||
color: #DA924A;
|
||
}
|
||
|
||
.cm-s-inner .cm-header,
|
||
.cm-s-inner .cm-def,
|
||
.cm-s-inner.cm-header,
|
||
.cm-s-inner.cm-def {
|
||
color: #8d8df0;
|
||
}
|
||
|
||
.cm-s-inner .cm-quote,
|
||
.cm-s-inner.cm-quote {
|
||
color: #57ac57;
|
||
}
|
||
|
||
.cm-s-inner .cm-hr {
|
||
color: #d8d5d5;
|
||
}
|
||
|
||
.cm-s-inner .cm-link {
|
||
color: #d3d3ef;
|
||
}
|
||
|
||
.cm-s-inner .cm-negative {
|
||
color: #d95050;
|
||
}
|
||
|
||
.cm-s-inner .cm-positive {
|
||
color: #50e650;
|
||
}
|
||
|
||
.cm-s-inner .cm-string-2 {
|
||
color: #f50;
|
||
}
|
||
|
||
.cm-s-inner .cm-meta,
|
||
.cm-s-inner .cm-qualifier {
|
||
color: #b7b3b3;
|
||
}
|
||
|
||
.cm-s-inner .cm-builtin {
|
||
color: #f3b3f8;
|
||
}
|
||
|
||
.cm-s-inner .cm-bracket {
|
||
color: #997;
|
||
}
|
||
|
||
.cm-s-inner .cm-atom,
|
||
.cm-s-inner.cm-atom {
|
||
color: #84B6CB;
|
||
}
|
||
|
||
.cm-s-inner .cm-number {
|
||
color: #64AB8F;
|
||
}
|
||
|
||
.cm-s-inner .cm-variable {
|
||
color: #b8bfc6;
|
||
}
|
||
|
||
.cm-s-inner .cm-variable-2 {
|
||
color: #9FBAD5;
|
||
}
|
||
|
||
.cm-s-inner .cm-variable-3 {
|
||
color: #1cc685;
|
||
}
|
||
|
||
.CodeMirror-selectedtext,
|
||
.CodeMirror-selected {
|
||
background: #4a89dc;
|
||
color: #fff !important;
|
||
text-shadow: none;
|
||
}
|
||
|
||
.CodeMirror-gutters {
|
||
border-right: none;
|
||
}
|
||
|
||
/* CSS Document */
|
||
|
||
/** markdown source **/
|
||
.cm-s-typora-default .cm-header,
|
||
.cm-s-typora-default .cm-property
|
||
{
|
||
color: #cebcca;
|
||
}
|
||
|
||
.CodeMirror.cm-s-typora-default div.CodeMirror-cursor{
|
||
border-left: 3px solid #b8bfc6;
|
||
}
|
||
|
||
.cm-s-typora-default .cm-comment {
|
||
color: #9FB1FF;
|
||
}
|
||
|
||
.cm-s-typora-default .cm-string {
|
||
color: #A7A7D9
|
||
}
|
||
|
||
.cm-s-typora-default .cm-atom, .cm-s-typora-default .cm-number {
|
||
color: #848695;
|
||
font-style: italic;
|
||
}
|
||
|
||
.cm-s-typora-default .cm-link {
|
||
color: #95B94B;
|
||
}
|
||
|
||
.cm-s-typora-default .CodeMirror-activeline-background {
|
||
background: rgba(51, 51, 51, 0.72);
|
||
}
|
||
|
||
.cm-s-typora-default .cm-comment, .cm-s-typora-default .cm-code {
|
||
color: #8aa1e1;
|
||
}@import "";
|
||
@import "";
|
||
@import "";
|
||
|
||
:root {
|
||
--bg-color: #363B40;
|
||
--side-bar-bg-color: #2E3033;
|
||
--text-color: #b8bfc6;
|
||
|
||
--select-text-bg-color:#4a89dc;
|
||
|
||
--item-hover-bg-color: #0a0d16;
|
||
--control-text-color: #b7b7b7;
|
||
--control-text-hover-color: #eee;
|
||
--window-border: 1px solid #555;
|
||
|
||
--active-file-bg-color: rgb(34, 34, 34);
|
||
--active-file-border-color: #8d8df0;
|
||
|
||
--primary-color: #a3d5fe;
|
||
|
||
--active-file-text-color: white;
|
||
--item-hover-bg-color: #70717d;
|
||
--item-hover-text-color: white;
|
||
--primary-color: #6dc1e7;
|
||
|
||
--rawblock-edit-panel-bd: #333;
|
||
|
||
--search-select-bg-color: #428bca;
|
||
}
|
||
|
||
html {
|
||
font-size: 16px;
|
||
}
|
||
|
||
html,
|
||
body {
|
||
-webkit-text-size-adjust: 100%;
|
||
-ms-text-size-adjust: 100%;
|
||
background: #363B40;
|
||
background: var(--bg-color);
|
||
fill: currentColor;
|
||
line-height: 1.625rem;
|
||
}
|
||
|
||
#write {
|
||
max-width: 914px;
|
||
}
|
||
|
||
|
||
@media only screen and (min-width: 1400px) {
|
||
#write {
|
||
max-width: 1024px;
|
||
}
|
||
}
|
||
|
||
@media only screen and (min-width: 1800px) {
|
||
#write {
|
||
max-width: 1200px;
|
||
}
|
||
}
|
||
|
||
html,
|
||
body,
|
||
button,
|
||
input,
|
||
select,
|
||
textarea,
|
||
div.code-tooltip-content {
|
||
color: #b8bfc6;
|
||
border-color: transparent;
|
||
}
|
||
|
||
div.code-tooltip,
|
||
.md-hover-tip .md-arrow:after {
|
||
background: #333;
|
||
}
|
||
|
||
.popover.bottom > .arrow:after {
|
||
border-bottom-color: #333;
|
||
}
|
||
|
||
html,
|
||
body,
|
||
button,
|
||
input,
|
||
select,
|
||
textarea {
|
||
font-family: "Helvetica Neue", Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif;
|
||
}
|
||
|
||
hr {
|
||
height: 2px;
|
||
border: 0;
|
||
margin: 24px 0 !important;
|
||
}
|
||
|
||
h1,
|
||
h2,
|
||
h3,
|
||
h4,
|
||
h5,
|
||
h6 {
|
||
font-family: "Lucida Grande", "Corbel", sans-serif;
|
||
font-weight: normal;
|
||
clear: both;
|
||
-ms-word-wrap: break-word;
|
||
word-wrap: break-word;
|
||
margin: 0;
|
||
padding: 0;
|
||
color: #DEDEDE
|
||
}
|
||
|
||
h1 {
|
||
font-size: 2.5rem;
|
||
/* 36px */
|
||
line-height: 2.75rem;
|
||
/* 40px */
|
||
margin-bottom: 1.5rem;
|
||
/* 24px */
|
||
letter-spacing: -1.5px;
|
||
}
|
||
|
||
h2 {
|
||
font-size: 1.63rem;
|
||
/* 24px */
|
||
line-height: 1.875rem;
|
||
/* 30px */
|
||
margin-bottom: 1.5rem;
|
||
/* 24px */
|
||
letter-spacing: -1px;
|
||
font-weight: bold;
|
||
}
|
||
|
||
h3 {
|
||
font-size: 1.17rem;
|
||
/* 18px */
|
||
line-height: 1.5rem;
|
||
/* 24px */
|
||
margin-bottom: 1.5rem;
|
||
/* 24px */
|
||
letter-spacing: -1px;
|
||
font-weight: bold;
|
||
}
|
||
|
||
h4 {
|
||
font-size: 1.12rem;
|
||
/* 16px */
|
||
line-height: 1.375rem;
|
||
/* 22px */
|
||
margin-bottom: 1.5rem;
|
||
/* 24px */
|
||
color: white;
|
||
}
|
||
|
||
h5 {
|
||
font-size: 0.97rem;
|
||
/* 16px */
|
||
line-height: 1.25rem;
|
||
/* 22px */
|
||
margin-bottom: 1.5rem;
|
||
/* 24px */
|
||
font-weight: bold;
|
||
}
|
||
|
||
h6 {
|
||
font-size: 0.93rem;
|
||
/* 16px */
|
||
line-height: 1rem;
|
||
/* 16px */
|
||
margin-bottom: 0.75rem;
|
||
color: white;
|
||
}
|
||
|
||
@media (min-width: 980px) {
|
||
h3.md-focus:before,
|
||
h4.md-focus:before,
|
||
h5.md-focus:before,
|
||
h6.md-focus:before {
|
||
color: #ddd;
|
||
border: 1px solid #ddd;
|
||
border-radius: 3px;
|
||
position: absolute;
|
||
left: -1.642857143rem;
|
||
top: .357142857rem;
|
||
float: left;
|
||
font-size: 9px;
|
||
padding-left: 2px;
|
||
padding-right: 2px;
|
||
vertical-align: bottom;
|
||
font-weight: normal;
|
||
line-height: normal;
|
||
}
|
||
|
||
h3.md-focus:before {
|
||
content: 'h3';
|
||
}
|
||
|
||
h4.md-focus:before {
|
||
content: 'h4';
|
||
}
|
||
|
||
h5.md-focus:before {
|
||
content: 'h5';
|
||
top: 0px;
|
||
}
|
||
|
||
h6.md-focus:before {
|
||
content: 'h6';
|
||
top: 0px;
|
||
}
|
||
}
|
||
|
||
a {
|
||
text-decoration: none;
|
||
outline: 0;
|
||
}
|
||
|
||
a:hover {
|
||
outline: 0;
|
||
}
|
||
|
||
a:focus {
|
||
outline: thin dotted;
|
||
}
|
||
|
||
sup.md-footnote {
|
||
background-color: #555;
|
||
color: #ddd;
|
||
}
|
||
|
||
p {
|
||
-ms-word-wrap: break-word;
|
||
word-wrap: break-word;
|
||
}
|
||
|
||
p,
|
||
ul,
|
||
dd,
|
||
ol,
|
||
hr,
|
||
address,
|
||
pre,
|
||
table,
|
||
iframe,
|
||
.wp-caption,
|
||
.wp-audio-shortcode,
|
||
.wp-video-shortcode {
|
||
margin-top: 0;
|
||
margin-bottom: 1.5rem;
|
||
/* 24px */
|
||
}
|
||
|
||
audio:not([controls]) {
|
||
display: none;
|
||
}
|
||
|
||
[hidden] {
|
||
display: none;
|
||
}
|
||
|
||
::-moz-selection {
|
||
background: #4a89dc;
|
||
color: #fff;
|
||
text-shadow: none;
|
||
}
|
||
|
||
*.in-text-selection,
|
||
::selection {
|
||
background: #4a89dc;
|
||
color: #fff;
|
||
text-shadow: none;
|
||
}
|
||
|
||
ul,
|
||
ol {
|
||
padding: 0 0 0 1.875rem;
|
||
/* 30px */
|
||
}
|
||
|
||
ul {
|
||
list-style: square;
|
||
}
|
||
|
||
ol {
|
||
list-style: decimal;
|
||
}
|
||
|
||
ul ul,
|
||
ol ol,
|
||
ul ol,
|
||
ol ul {
|
||
margin: 0;
|
||
}
|
||
|
||
b,
|
||
th,
|
||
dt,
|
||
strong {
|
||
font-weight: bold;
|
||
}
|
||
|
||
i,
|
||
em,
|
||
dfn,
|
||
cite {
|
||
font-style: italic;
|
||
}
|
||
|
||
blockquote {
|
||
padding-left: 1.875rem;
|
||
margin: 0 0 1.875rem 1.875rem;
|
||
border-left: solid 2px #474d54;
|
||
padding-left: 30px;
|
||
margin-top: 35px;
|
||
}
|
||
|
||
pre,
|
||
code,
|
||
kbd,
|
||
tt,
|
||
var {
|
||
font-size: 0.875rem;
|
||
font-family: Monaco, Consolas, "Andale Mono", "DejaVu Sans Mono", monospace;
|
||
}
|
||
|
||
code,
|
||
tt,
|
||
var {
|
||
background: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.05);
|
||
}
|
||
|
||
kbd {
|
||
padding: 2px 4px;
|
||
font-size: 90%;
|
||
color: #fff;
|
||
background-color: #333;
|
||
border-radius: 3px;
|
||
box-shadow: inset 0 -1px 0 rgba(0,0,0,.25);
|
||
}
|
||
|
||
pre.md-fences {
|
||
padding: 10px 10px 10px 30px;
|
||
margin-bottom: 20px;
|
||
background: #333;
|
||
}
|
||
|
||
.CodeMirror-gutters {
|
||
background: #333;
|
||
border-right: 1px solid transparent;
|
||
}
|
||
|
||
.enable-diagrams pre.md-fences[lang="sequence"] .code-tooltip,
|
||
.enable-diagrams pre.md-fences[lang="flow"] .code-tooltip,
|
||
.enable-diagrams pre.md-fences[lang="mermaid"] .code-tooltip {
|
||
bottom: -2.2em;
|
||
right: 4px;
|
||
}
|
||
|
||
code,
|
||
kbd,
|
||
tt,
|
||
var {
|
||
padding: 2px 5px;
|
||
}
|
||
|
||
table {
|
||
max-width: 100%;
|
||
width: 100%;
|
||
border-collapse: collapse;
|
||
border-spacing: 0;
|
||
}
|
||
|
||
th,
|
||
td {
|
||
padding: 5px 10px;
|
||
vertical-align: top;
|
||
}
|
||
|
||
a {
|
||
-webkit-transition: all .2s ease-in-out;
|
||
transition: all .2s ease-in-out;
|
||
}
|
||
|
||
hr {
|
||
background: #474d54;
|
||
/* variable */
|
||
}
|
||
|
||
h1 {
|
||
margin-top: 2em;
|
||
}
|
||
|
||
a {
|
||
color: #e0e0e0;
|
||
text-decoration: underline;
|
||
}
|
||
|
||
a:hover {
|
||
color: #fff;
|
||
}
|
||
|
||
.md-inline-math script {
|
||
color: #81b1db;
|
||
}
|
||
|
||
b,
|
||
th,
|
||
dt,
|
||
strong {
|
||
color: #DEDEDE;
|
||
/* variable */
|
||
}
|
||
|
||
mark {
|
||
background: #D3D40E;
|
||
}
|
||
|
||
blockquote {
|
||
color: #9DA2A6;
|
||
}
|
||
|
||
table a {
|
||
color: #DEDEDE;
|
||
/* variable */
|
||
}
|
||
|
||
th,
|
||
td {
|
||
border: solid 1px #474d54;
|
||
/* variable */
|
||
}
|
||
|
||
.task-list {
|
||
padding-left: 0;
|
||
}
|
||
|
||
.md-task-list-item {
|
||
padding-left: 1.25rem;
|
||
}
|
||
|
||
.md-task-list-item > input {
|
||
top: auto;
|
||
}
|
||
|
||
.md-task-list-item > input:before {
|
||
content: "";
|
||
display: inline-block;
|
||
width: 0.875rem;
|
||
height: 0.875rem;
|
||
vertical-align: middle;
|
||
text-align: center;
|
||
border: 1px solid #b8bfc6;
|
||
background-color: #363B40;
|
||
margin-top: -0.4rem;
|
||
}
|
||
|
||
.md-task-list-item > input:checked:before,
|
||
.md-task-list-item > input[checked]:before {
|
||
content: '\221A';
|
||
/*◘*/
|
||
font-size: 0.625rem;
|
||
line-height: 0.625rem;
|
||
color: #DEDEDE;
|
||
}
|
||
|
||
/** quick open **/
|
||
.auto-suggest-container {
|
||
border: 0px;
|
||
background-color: #525C65;
|
||
}
|
||
|
||
#typora-quick-open {
|
||
background-color: #525C65;
|
||
}
|
||
|
||
#typora-quick-open input{
|
||
background-color: #525C65;
|
||
border: 0;
|
||
border-bottom: 1px solid grey;
|
||
}
|
||
|
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|
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|
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|
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|
||
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|
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|
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|
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|
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|
||
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|
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|
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|
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|
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|
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|
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|
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|
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|
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|
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|
||
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|
||
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|
||
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|
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|
||
|
||
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|
||
</style>
|
||
</head>
|
||
<body class='typora-export'>
|
||
<div id='write' class=''><h1><a name="ćwiczenia-1403" class="md-header-anchor"></a><span>Ćwiczenia 14.03</span></h1><h2><a name="hello-world-w-unity" class="md-header-anchor"></a><span>Hello World w Unity</span></h2><p><span>(Pliki </span><a href='https://git.wmi.amu.edu.pl/andkok/Unity_artifitial_world/src/branch/cw1/materiałyHelloWorld'><span>https://git.wmi.amu.edu.pl/andkok/Unity_artifitial_world/src/branch/cw1/materiałyHelloWorld</span></a><span> )</span></p><ol start='' ><li><h3><a name="utwórz-nowy-projekt" class="md-header-anchor"></a><span>Utwórz nowy projekt</span></h3><ul><li class='md-task-list-item task-list-item task-list-not-done' ><input type='checkbox' /><p><span>Otwórz Unity Hub</span></p></li><li class='md-task-list-item task-list-item task-list-not-done' ><input type='checkbox' /><p><span>Wybierz NEW</span></p></li><li class='md-task-list-item task-list-item task-list-not-done' ><input type='checkbox' /><p><span>3D, wpisz nazwę i wybierz lokalizacje na twoim komputerze. Zatwierdź klikając CREATE</span></p></li></ul></li><li><h3><a name="import-materiałów-tworzenie-terenu-i-prostych-krztałtów" class="md-header-anchor"></a><span>Import materiałów, tworzenie terenu i prostych krztałtów</span></h3><p><img src="Unityscreen.png" style="zoom:50%;" /></p><p><span>Po środku ekranu jest podgląd sceny (karta Scene). Żeby się w nim przemieszczać klikamy Q i wtedy możemy przesuwać obraz myszką (kliknięcie na prawy przycisk myszy do obracania widoku). Klawisz W zmienia w tryb przesuwania obiektów, a klawisz E jest do obracania obiektów i R zmiany rozmiarów.</span></p><p><span>W dolnej części ekranu, w karcie Project przechowujemy wszystkie modele, tekstury, skrypty i inne potrzebne elementy</span></p><ul><li class='md-task-list-item task-list-item task-list-not-done' ><input type='checkbox' /><p><span>W folderze Assets kliknij prawym przyciskiem myszy i z menu wybierz Create -> Folder. Nazwij folder tekstury</span></p></li><li class='md-task-list-item task-list-item task-list-not-done' ><input type='checkbox' /><p><span>Otwórz ten folder i przeciągnij do niego wcześniej pobrane tekstury</span></p><p><span>Po lewej stronie jest karta Hierarchy. W niej znajdują się wszystkie obiekty, które są w tworzonej scenie. Tam się dodaje nowe elementy sceny i ustawia zależności pomiędzy elementami</span></p><h4><a name="teren" class="md-header-anchor"></a><span>Teren</span></h4></li><li class='md-task-list-item task-list-item task-list-not-done' ><input type='checkbox' /><p><span>Kliknij prawym przyciskiem myszy w polu Hierarchy i wybierz 3D Object -> Terrain</span></p><p><span>Po prawej stronie mamy karte inspector w której są ustawienia zaznaczonego obiektu </span></p><p><img src="ph00009.png" style="zoom:33%;" /></p></li><li class='md-task-list-item task-list-item task-list-not-done' ><input type='checkbox' /><p><span>Dodaj teksturę terenu</span></p><ul><li class='md-task-list-item task-list-item task-list-not-done' ><input type='checkbox' /><p><span>W Inspektorze przy zakładce Terrain wybierz drugą opcje (ikonka pędzelka)</span></p></li><li class='md-task-list-item task-list-item task-list-not-done' ><input type='checkbox' /><p><span>Wybierz z menu Paint Texture</span></p></li><li class='md-task-list-item task-list-item task-list-not-done' ><input type='checkbox' /><p><span>Kliknij Edit Terrain Layers -> Create Layer</span></p></li><li class='md-task-list-item task-list-item task-list-not-done' ><input type='checkbox' /><p><span>Dodaj trzy tekstury</span></p></li><li class='md-task-list-item task-list-item task-list-not-done' ><input type='checkbox' /><p><span>Urozmaić teren zaznaczając tekstury i malując przy pomocy wybranych poniżej pędzli </span></p></li></ul></li><li class='md-task-list-item task-list-item task-list-not-done' ><input type='checkbox' /><p><span>Zmień wysokości terenu</span></p><ul><li class='md-task-list-item task-list-item task-list-not-done' ><input type='checkbox' /><p><span>W Inspektorze przy zakładce Terrain wybierz drugą opcje (ikonka pędzelka)</span></p></li><li class='md-task-list-item task-list-item task-list-not-done' ><input type='checkbox' /><p><span>Wybierz z menu Raise or Lower Terrain</span></p></li><li class='md-task-list-item task-list-item task-list-not-done' ><input type='checkbox' /><p><span>Podnosi się teren "malując" po obiekcie terenu, żeby teren obniżyć należy trzymać wciśnięty shift</span></p></li></ul><h4><a name="proste-kształty" class="md-header-anchor"></a><span>Proste kształty</span></h4></li><li class='md-task-list-item task-list-item task-list-not-done' ><input type='checkbox' /><p><span>W karcie Hierarchy kliknij prawym przyciskiem myszy i wybierz 3D Object -> Sphere </span></p></li><li class='md-task-list-item task-list-item task-list-not-done' ><input type='checkbox' /><p><span>żeby nadać kuli koloru utwórz materiał</span></p><ul><li class='md-task-list-item task-list-item task-list-not-done' ><input type='checkbox' /><p><img src="ph00008.png" style="zoom:33%;" /></p></li><li class='md-task-list-item task-list-item task-list-not-done' ><input type='checkbox' /><p><span>Dodaj teksture SphereNormals do tekstur i Inspektorze wybierz texture type: Normal Map, zaznacz create from grayscale, wrap mode: mirror</span></p></li><li class='md-task-list-item task-list-item task-list-not-done' ><input type='checkbox' /><p><span>W folderze Assets utwórz folder Materiały i kliknij prawym przyciskiem myszy i wybierz Create -> Material</span></p></li><li class='md-task-list-item task-list-item task-list-not-done' ><input type='checkbox' /><p><img src="ph00007.png" style="zoom:33%;" /></p></li><li class='md-task-list-item task-list-item task-list-not-done' ><input type='checkbox' /><p><span>Wybierz kolor Albedo i dodaj teksture do "Normal Map"</span></p></li><li class='md-task-list-item task-list-item task-list-not-done' ><input type='checkbox' /><p><span>Przeciągnij materiał na kulę</span></p></li></ul></li><li class='md-task-list-item task-list-item task-list-not-done' ><input type='checkbox' /><p><span>żeby na kulę działała grawitacja i kolizja dodajemy do niej Rigid Body (Add Component -> Rigidbody), i w Constrains - Freeze rotation zaznacz wszystkie (żeby nam się kula nie stoczyła)</span></p></li><li class='md-task-list-item task-list-item task-list-not-done' ><input type='checkbox' /><p><img src="ph00006.png" style="zoom:33%;" /><span> </span><img src="ph00005.png" style="zoom:33%;" /></p></li></ul></li><li><h3><a name="dodawanie-skryptu-c" class="md-header-anchor"></a><span>Dodawanie skryptu C#</span></h3><p><span>W Unity za większość akcji i różnych interakcji odpowiadają skrypty C#</span></p><ul><li class='md-task-list-item task-list-item task-list-not-done' ><input type='checkbox' /><p><span>Utwórz folder skrypty i w nim Create -> C# Script, nazwij go Player.</span></p></li><li class='md-task-list-item task-list-item task-list-not-done' ><input type='checkbox' /><p><span>Otwórz ten skrypt i Przed funkcją Start dodaj zmienne:</span></p><pre spellcheck="false" class="md-fences md-end-block ty-contain-cm modeLoaded" lang="c#"><div class="CodeMirror cm-s-inner CodeMirror-wrap" lang="c#"><div style="overflow: hidden; position: relative; width: 3px; height: 0px; top: 0px; left: 4px;"><textarea autocorrect="off" autocapitalize="off" spellcheck="false" tabindex="0" style="position: absolute; bottom: -1em; padding: 0px; width: 1000px; height: 1em; outline: none;"></textarea></div><div class="CodeMirror-scrollbar-filler" cm-not-content="true"></div><div class="CodeMirror-gutter-filler" cm-not-content="true"></div><div class="CodeMirror-scroll" tabindex="-1"><div class="CodeMirror-sizer" style="margin-left: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; border-right-width: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-bottom: 0px;"><div style="position: relative; top: 0px;"><div class="CodeMirror-lines" role="presentation"><div role="presentation" style="position: relative; outline: none;"><div class="CodeMirror-measure"></div><div class="CodeMirror-measure"></div><div style="position: relative; z-index: 1;"></div><div class="CodeMirror-code" role="presentation"><div class="CodeMirror-activeline" style="position: relative;"><div class="CodeMirror-activeline-background CodeMirror-linebackground"></div><div class="CodeMirror-gutter-background CodeMirror-activeline-gutter" style="left: 0px; width: 0px;"></div><pre class=" CodeMirror-line " role="presentation"><span role="presentation" style="padding-right: 0.1px;"> <span class="cm-keyword">public</span> <span class="cm-variable-3">float</span> <span class="cm-variable">speed</span> <span class="cm-operator">=</span> <span class="cm-number">0.1f</span>;</span></pre></div><pre class=" CodeMirror-line " role="presentation"><span role="presentation" style="padding-right: 0.1px;"> <span class="cm-keyword">public</span> <span class="cm-variable-3">float</span> <span class="cm-variable">rotationSpeed</span> <span class="cm-operator">=</span> <span class="cm-number">0.1f</span>;</span></pre></div></div></div></div></div><div style="position: absolute; height: 0px; width: 1px; border-bottom-width: 0px; border-bottom-style: solid; border-bottom-color: transparent; top: 52px;"></div><div class="CodeMirror-gutters" style="display: none; height: 52px;"></div></div></div></pre></li><li class='md-task-list-item task-list-item task-list-not-done' ><input type='checkbox' /><p><span>wewnątrz funkcji Update wklej:</span></p><pre spellcheck="false" class="md-fences md-end-block ty-contain-cm modeLoaded" lang="c#"><div class="CodeMirror cm-s-inner CodeMirror-wrap" lang="c#"><div style="overflow: hidden; position: relative; width: 3px; height: 0px; top: 0px; left: 4px;"><textarea autocorrect="off" autocapitalize="off" spellcheck="false" tabindex="0" style="position: absolute; bottom: -1em; padding: 0px; width: 1000px; height: 1em; outline: none;"></textarea></div><div class="CodeMirror-scrollbar-filler" cm-not-content="true"></div><div class="CodeMirror-gutter-filler" cm-not-content="true"></div><div class="CodeMirror-scroll" tabindex="-1"><div class="CodeMirror-sizer" style="margin-left: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; border-right-width: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-bottom: 0px;"><div style="position: relative; top: 0px;"><div class="CodeMirror-lines" role="presentation"><div role="presentation" style="position: relative; outline: none;"><div class="CodeMirror-measure"><pre><span>xxxxxxxxxx</span></pre></div><div class="CodeMirror-measure"></div><div style="position: relative; z-index: 1;"></div><div class="CodeMirror-code" role="presentation" style=""><div class="CodeMirror-activeline" style="position: relative;"><div class="CodeMirror-activeline-background CodeMirror-linebackground"></div><div class="CodeMirror-gutter-background CodeMirror-activeline-gutter" style="left: 0px; width: 0px;"></div><pre class=" CodeMirror-line " role="presentation"><span role="presentation" style="padding-right: 0.1px;"> <span class="cm-variable-3">float</span> <span class="cm-variable">move</span> <span class="cm-operator">=</span> <span class="cm-variable">Input</span>.<span class="cm-variable">GetAxis</span>(<span class="cm-string">"Vertical"</span>) <span class="cm-operator">*</span> <span class="cm-variable">speed</span>;<span class="cm-tab" role="presentation" cm-text=" "> </span><span class="cm-tab" role="presentation" cm-text=" "> </span><span class="cm-tab" role="presentation" cm-text=" "> </span><span class="cm-tab" role="presentation" cm-text=" "> </span><span class="cm-tab" role="presentation" cm-text=" "> </span><span class="cm-tab" role="presentation" cm-text=" "> </span><span class="cm-comment">// Pobierz dane od użytkownika (klawisze strzałek lub joystick) i przeskaluj wcześniej podaną wartością (przód tył)</span></span></pre></div><pre class=" CodeMirror-line " role="presentation"><span role="presentation" style="padding-right: 0.1px;"> <span class="cm-variable-3">float</span> <span class="cm-variable">rotate</span> <span class="cm-operator">=</span> <span class="cm-variable">Input</span>.<span class="cm-variable">GetAxis</span>(<span class="cm-string">"Horizontal"</span>) <span class="cm-operator">*</span> <span class="cm-variable">rotationSpeed</span>; <span class="cm-comment">// Pobierz dane od użytkownika (klawisze strzałek lub joystick) i przeskaluj wcześniej podaną wartością (obrót)</span></span></pre><pre class=" CodeMirror-line " role="presentation"><span role="presentation" style="padding-right: 0.1px;"> <span class="cm-variable">Vector3</span> <span class="cm-variable">moveVector</span> <span class="cm-operator">=</span> <span class="cm-keyword">new</span> <span class="cm-variable">Vector3</span>(<span class="cm-variable">PODAJ_X</span>,<span class="cm-variable">PODAJ_Y</span>,<span class="cm-variable">PODAJ_Z</span>); <span class="cm-comment">// Wektor przesuwający objekt DO EDYCJI</span></span></pre><pre class=" CodeMirror-line " role="presentation"><span role="presentation" style="padding-right: 0.1px;"> <span class="cm-variable">gameObject</span>.<span class="cm-variable">GetComponent</span><span class="cm-operator"><</span><span class="cm-variable">Transform</span><span class="cm-operator">></span>().<span class="cm-variable">Translate</span>(<span class="cm-variable">moveVector</span>, <span class="cm-variable">Space</span>.<span class="cm-variable">Self</span>); <span class="cm-comment">// Funkcja przesuwająca objekt</span></span></pre><pre class=" CodeMirror-line " role="presentation"><span role="presentation" style="padding-right: 0.1px;"> <span class="cm-variable">gameObject</span>.<span class="cm-variable">GetComponent</span><span class="cm-operator"><</span><span class="cm-variable">Transform</span><span class="cm-operator">></span>().<span class="cm-variable">Rotate</span>(<span class="cm-variable">PODAJ_X</span>,<span class="cm-variable">PODAJ_Y</span>,<span class="cm-variable">PODAJ_Z</span>, <span class="cm-variable">Space</span>.<span class="cm-variable">Self</span>); <span class="cm-comment">// Funkcja obracająca objekt DO EDYCJI</span></span></pre></div></div></div></div></div><div style="position: absolute; height: 0px; width: 1px; border-bottom-width: 0px; border-bottom-style: solid; border-bottom-color: transparent; top: 312px;"></div><div class="CodeMirror-gutters" style="display: none; height: 312px;"></div></div></div></pre></li><li class='md-task-list-item task-list-item task-list-not-done' ><input type='checkbox' /><p><span>Zamień wartości wektora ruchu i funkcji obrotu</span></p></li><li class='md-task-list-item task-list-item task-list-not-done' ><input type='checkbox' /><p><span>Przeciągnij skrypt na object Player lub w Inspektorze obiektu Player wybierz Add Component i dodaj Player</span></p></li></ul></li><li><h3><a name="ustawianie-oświetlenia-globalne" class="md-header-anchor"></a><span>Ustawianie oświetlenia (globalne)</span></h3><ul><li class='md-task-list-item task-list-item task-list-not-done' ><input type='checkbox' /><p><span>Ustawienia oświetlenia są w Window -> Rendering -> Ligthning, można je sobie przypiąć w dowolnym miejscu (ja przesuwam je koło inspektora)</span></p></li><li class='md-task-list-item task-list-item task-list-not-done' ><input type='checkbox' /><p><img src="ph00004.png" style="zoom:33%;" /></p></li><li class='md-task-list-item task-list-item task-list-not-done' ><input type='checkbox' /><p><span>Dodajemy nowe ustawienia (New Ligthning Settings)</span></p></li><li class='md-task-list-item task-list-item task-list-not-done' ><input type='checkbox' /><p><span>Można zmienić Ligthmapper na Progressive GPU</span></p></li><li class='md-task-list-item task-list-item task-list-not-done' ><input type='checkbox' /><p><span>Po dostosowaniu ustawień klikamy Generate Lightning (to może chwilę potrwać, nawet do kilku minut)</span></p></li></ul></li><li><h3><a name="tworzenie-wielu-elementów-skryptem-z-ustawianiem-ich-za-pomocą-macierzy-clock" class="md-header-anchor"></a><span>Tworzenie wielu elementów skryptem z ustawianiem ich za pomocą macierzy (Clock)</span></h3><p><img src="ph00001.png" style="zoom:25%;" /></p><ul><li class='md-task-list-item task-list-item task-list-not-done' ><input type='checkbox' /><p><span>Utwórz objekt tarczy zegara (tekstura </span><img src="clock.png" style="width:25px;" /><span> , zamień przy tworzeniu materiału Rendering mode na Transparent)</span></p></li><li class='md-task-list-item task-list-item task-list-not-done' ><input type='checkbox' /><p><span>Utwórz obiekt, który posłuży jako szablon wskazówek zegara</span></p></li><li class='md-task-list-item task-list-item task-list-not-done' ><input type='checkbox' /><p><span>Dodaj kod ustawiający zegar do obiektu tarczy zegara</span></p><pre spellcheck="false" class="md-fences md-end-block ty-contain-cm modeLoaded" lang="c#" style="break-inside: unset;"><div class="CodeMirror cm-s-inner CodeMirror-wrap" lang="c#"><div style="overflow: hidden; position: relative; width: 3px; height: 0px; top: 0px; left: 4px;"><textarea autocorrect="off" autocapitalize="off" spellcheck="false" tabindex="0" style="position: absolute; bottom: -1em; padding: 0px; width: 1000px; height: 1em; outline: none;"></textarea></div><div class="CodeMirror-scrollbar-filler" cm-not-content="true"></div><div class="CodeMirror-gutter-filler" cm-not-content="true"></div><div class="CodeMirror-scroll" tabindex="-1"><div class="CodeMirror-sizer" style="margin-left: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; border-right-width: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-bottom: 0px;"><div style="position: relative; top: 0px;"><div class="CodeMirror-lines" role="presentation"><div role="presentation" style="position: relative; outline: none;"><div class="CodeMirror-measure"><span><span></span>x</span></div><div class="CodeMirror-measure"></div><div style="position: relative; z-index: 1;"></div><div class="CodeMirror-code" role="presentation" style=""><div class="CodeMirror-activeline" style="position: relative;"><div class="CodeMirror-activeline-background CodeMirror-linebackground"></div><div class="CodeMirror-gutter-background CodeMirror-activeline-gutter" style="left: 0px; width: 0px;"></div><pre class=" CodeMirror-line " role="presentation"><span role="presentation" style="padding-right: 0.1px;"><span class="cm-keyword">using</span> <span class="cm-variable">System</span>.<span class="cm-variable">Collections</span>;</span></pre></div><pre class=" CodeMirror-line " role="presentation"><span role="presentation" style="padding-right: 0.1px;"><span class="cm-keyword">using</span> <span class="cm-variable">System</span>.<span class="cm-variable">Collections</span>.<span class="cm-variable">Generic</span>;</span></pre><pre class=" CodeMirror-line " role="presentation"><span role="presentation" style="padding-right: 0.1px;"><span class="cm-keyword">using</span> <span class="cm-variable">System</span>;</span></pre><pre class=" CodeMirror-line " role="presentation"><span role="presentation" style="padding-right: 0.1px;"><span class="cm-keyword">using</span> <span class="cm-variable">UnityEngine</span>;</span></pre><pre class=" CodeMirror-line " role="presentation"><span role="presentation" style="padding-right: 0.1px;"><span class="cm-keyword">public</span> <span class="cm-keyword">class</span> <span class="cm-def">Clock</span> : <span class="cm-variable">MonoBehaviour</span></span></pre><pre class=" CodeMirror-line " role="presentation"><span role="presentation" style="padding-right: 0.1px;">{</span></pre><pre class=" CodeMirror-line " role="presentation"><span role="presentation" style="padding-right: 0.1px;"> <span class="cm-keyword">public</span> <span class="cm-variable">GameObject</span> <span class="cm-variable">clockHand</span>; <span class="cm-comment">// szablon wyglądu wskazówki zegara</span></span></pre><pre class=" CodeMirror-line " role="presentation"><span role="presentation" style="padding-right: 0.1px;"> <span class="cm-keyword">void</span> <span class="cm-variable">Start</span>()</span></pre><pre class=" CodeMirror-line " role="presentation"><span role="presentation" style="padding-right: 0.1px;"> {</span></pre><pre class=" CodeMirror-line " role="presentation"><span role="presentation" style="padding-right: 0.1px;"> }</span></pre><pre class=" CodeMirror-line " role="presentation"><span role="presentation" style="padding-right: 0.1px;"> <span class="cm-keyword">void</span> <span class="cm-variable">Update</span>()</span></pre><pre class=" CodeMirror-line " role="presentation"><span role="presentation" style="padding-right: 0.1px;"> {</span></pre><pre class=" CodeMirror-line " role="presentation"><span role="presentation" style="padding-right: 0.1px;"><span cm-text=""></span></span></pre><pre class=" CodeMirror-line " role="presentation"><span role="presentation" style="padding-right: 0.1px;"> <span class="cm-variable-3">DateTime</span> <span class="cm-variable">centuryBegin</span> <span class="cm-operator">=</span> <span class="cm-keyword">new</span> <span class="cm-variable-3">DateTime</span>(<span class="cm-number">2001</span>, <span class="cm-number">1</span>, <span class="cm-number">1</span>);</span></pre><pre class=" CodeMirror-line " role="presentation"><span role="presentation" style="padding-right: 0.1px;"> <span class="cm-variable-3">DateTime</span> <span class="cm-variable">currentDate</span> <span class="cm-operator">=</span> <span class="cm-variable-3">DateTime</span>.<span class="cm-variable">Now</span>;</span></pre><pre class=" CodeMirror-line " role="presentation"><span role="presentation" style="padding-right: 0.1px;"> <span class="cm-variable-3">long</span> <span class="cm-variable">elapsedTicks</span> <span class="cm-operator">=</span> <span class="cm-variable">currentDate</span>.<span class="cm-variable">Ticks</span> <span class="cm-operator">-</span> <span class="cm-variable">centuryBegin</span>.<span class="cm-variable">Ticks</span>;</span></pre><pre class=" CodeMirror-line " role="presentation"><span role="presentation" style="padding-right: 0.1px;"> <span class="cm-variable-3">TimeSpan</span> <span class="cm-variable">elapsedSpan</span> <span class="cm-operator">=</span> <span class="cm-keyword">new</span> <span class="cm-variable-3">TimeSpan</span>(<span class="cm-variable">elapsedTicks</span>);</span></pre><pre class=" CodeMirror-line " role="presentation"><span role="presentation" style="padding-right: 0.1px;"> </span></pre><pre class=" CodeMirror-line " role="presentation"><span role="presentation" style="padding-right: 0.1px;"> <span class="cm-variable-3">float</span> <span class="cm-variable">stopWatchTime</span> <span class="cm-operator">=</span> <span class="cm-variable">Time</span>.<span class="cm-variable">unscaledTime</span>; <span class="cm-comment">// Czas w sekundach od startu aplikacji (mały zegar)</span></span></pre><pre class=" CodeMirror-line " role="presentation"><span role="presentation" style="padding-right: 0.1px;"> <span class="cm-variable-3">float</span> <span class="cm-variable">nowTime</span> <span class="cm-operator">=</span> (<span class="cm-variable-3">float</span>)(((<span class="cm-variable-3">int</span>)(<span class="cm-variable">elapsedSpan</span>.<span class="cm-variable">TotalSeconds</span>)) <span class="cm-operator">%</span> <span class="cm-number">86400</span>); <span class="cm-comment">// Czas w sekundach od początku doby (0:00) (duży zegar)</span></span></pre><pre class=" CodeMirror-line " role="presentation"><span role="presentation" style="padding-right: 0.1px;"> <span class="cm-comment">// Stop Watch Time:</span></span></pre><pre class=" CodeMirror-line " role="presentation"><span role="presentation" style="padding-right: 0.1px;"><span cm-text=""></span></span></pre><pre class=" CodeMirror-line " role="presentation"><span role="presentation" style="padding-right: 0.1px;"> <span class="cm-variable-3">float</span> <span class="cm-variable">swHour</span> <span class="cm-operator">=</span> <span class="cm-number">0.0f</span>;</span></pre><pre class=" CodeMirror-line " role="presentation"><span role="presentation" style="padding-right: 0.1px;"> <span class="cm-variable-3">float</span> <span class="cm-variable">swMinute</span> <span class="cm-operator">=</span> <span class="cm-number">0.0f</span>;</span></pre><pre class=" CodeMirror-line " role="presentation"><span role="presentation" style="padding-right: 0.1px;"> <span class="cm-variable-3">float</span> <span class="cm-variable">swSecond</span> <span class="cm-operator">=</span> <span class="cm-number">0.0f</span>;</span></pre><pre class=" CodeMirror-line " role="presentation"><span role="presentation" style="padding-right: 0.1px;"> <span class="cm-comment">// Global Time:</span></span></pre><pre class=" CodeMirror-line " role="presentation"><span role="presentation" style="padding-right: 0.1px;"> <span class="cm-variable-3">float</span> <span class="cm-variable">hour</span> <span class="cm-operator">=</span> <span class="cm-number">0.0f</span>;</span></pre><pre class=" CodeMirror-line " role="presentation"><span role="presentation" style="padding-right: 0.1px;"> <span class="cm-variable-3">float</span> <span class="cm-variable">minute</span> <span class="cm-operator">=</span> <span class="cm-number">0.0f</span>;</span></pre><pre class=" CodeMirror-line " role="presentation"><span role="presentation" style="padding-right: 0.1px;"> <span class="cm-variable-3">float</span> <span class="cm-variable">second</span> <span class="cm-operator">=</span> <span class="cm-number">0.0f</span>;</span></pre><pre class=" CodeMirror-line " role="presentation"><span role="presentation" style="padding-right: 0.1px;"><span class="cm-comment">// Ustaw pozycje, rozmiar i obrót wskazówek zegara z wykorzystaniem przekształceń macierzowych:</span></span></pre><pre class=" CodeMirror-line " role="presentation"><span role="presentation" style="padding-right: 0.1px;"> <span class="cm-comment">// (Matrix4x4.Translate, Matrix4x4.Scale, Matrix4x4.Rotate) dwa pierwsze przyjmują Vector3, a obroty przyjmują Quaternion.Euler( X, Y, Z) (już bez new, bo to funkcja)</span></span></pre><pre class=" CodeMirror-line " role="presentation"><span role="presentation" style="padding-right: 0.1px;"><span cm-text=""></span></span></pre><pre class=" CodeMirror-line " role="presentation"><span role="presentation" style="padding-right: 0.1px;"> <span class="cm-keyword">var</span> <span class="cm-def">transformationHsw</span> <span class="cm-operator">=</span> <span class="cm-variable">Matrix4x4</span>.<span class="cm-variable">Translate</span>(<span class="cm-keyword">new</span> <span class="cm-variable">Vector3</span>(<span class="cm-number">0</span>, <span class="cm-number">0</span>, <span class="cm-number">0</span>));</span></pre><pre class=" CodeMirror-line " role="presentation"><span role="presentation" style="padding-right: 0.1px;"> <span class="cm-keyword">var</span> <span class="cm-def">transformationMsw</span> <span class="cm-operator">=</span> <span class="cm-variable">Matrix4x4</span>.<span class="cm-variable">Translate</span>(<span class="cm-keyword">new</span> <span class="cm-variable">Vector3</span>(<span class="cm-number">0</span>, <span class="cm-number">0</span>, <span class="cm-number">0</span>));</span></pre><pre class=" CodeMirror-line " role="presentation"><span role="presentation" style="padding-right: 0.1px;"> <span class="cm-keyword">var</span> <span class="cm-def">transformationSsw</span> <span class="cm-operator">=</span> <span class="cm-variable">Matrix4x4</span>.<span class="cm-variable">Translate</span>(<span class="cm-keyword">new</span> <span class="cm-variable">Vector3</span>(<span class="cm-number">0</span>, <span class="cm-number">0</span>, <span class="cm-number">0</span>));</span></pre><pre class=" CodeMirror-line " role="presentation"><span role="presentation" style="padding-right: 0.1px;"><span cm-text=""></span></span></pre><pre class=" CodeMirror-line " role="presentation"><span role="presentation" style="padding-right: 0.1px;"> <span class="cm-keyword">var</span> <span class="cm-def">transformationH</span> <span class="cm-operator">=</span> <span class="cm-variable">Matrix4x4</span>.<span class="cm-variable">Translate</span>(<span class="cm-keyword">new</span> <span class="cm-variable">Vector3</span>(<span class="cm-number">0</span>, <span class="cm-number">0</span>, <span class="cm-number">0</span>));</span></pre><pre class=" CodeMirror-line " role="presentation"><span role="presentation" style="padding-right: 0.1px;"> <span class="cm-keyword">var</span> <span class="cm-def">transformationM</span> <span class="cm-operator">=</span> <span class="cm-variable">Matrix4x4</span>.<span class="cm-variable">Translate</span>(<span class="cm-keyword">new</span> <span class="cm-variable">Vector3</span>(<span class="cm-number">0</span>, <span class="cm-number">0</span>, <span class="cm-number">0</span>));</span></pre><pre class=" CodeMirror-line " role="presentation"><span role="presentation" style="padding-right: 0.1px;"> <span class="cm-keyword">var</span> <span class="cm-def">transformationS</span> <span class="cm-operator">=</span> <span class="cm-variable">Matrix4x4</span>.<span class="cm-variable">Translate</span>(<span class="cm-keyword">new</span> <span class="cm-variable">Vector3</span>(<span class="cm-number">0</span>, <span class="cm-number">0</span>, <span class="cm-number">0</span>));</span></pre><pre class=" CodeMirror-line " role="presentation"><span role="presentation" style="padding-right: 0.1px;"><span cm-text=""></span></span></pre><pre class=" CodeMirror-line " role="presentation"><span role="presentation" style="padding-right: 0.1px;"><span class="cm-comment">// Create game objects instances</span></span></pre><pre class=" CodeMirror-line " role="presentation"><span role="presentation" style="padding-right: 0.1px;"><span cm-text=""></span></span></pre><pre class=" CodeMirror-line " role="presentation"><span role="presentation" style="padding-right: 0.1px;"> <span class="cm-variable">Graphics</span>.<span class="cm-variable">DrawMeshInstanced</span>(<span class="cm-variable">clockHand</span>.<span class="cm-variable">GetComponent</span><span class="cm-operator"><</span><span class="cm-variable">MeshFilter</span><span class="cm-operator">></span>().<span class="cm-variable">mesh</span>, <span class="cm-number">0</span>, <span class="cm-variable">clockHand</span>.<span class="cm-variable">GetComponent</span><span class="cm-operator"><</span><span class="cm-variable">MeshRenderer</span><span class="cm-operator">></span>().<span class="cm-variable">material</span>, <span class="cm-keyword">new</span> <span class="cm-variable">Matrix4x4</span>[<span class="cm-number">6</span>]{<span class="cm-variable">transformationHsw</span>, <span class="cm-variable">transformationMsw</span>, <span class="cm-variable">transformationSsw</span>, <span class="cm-variable">transformationH</span>, <span class="cm-variable">transformationM</span>, <span class="cm-variable">transformationS</span>});</span></pre><pre class=" CodeMirror-line " role="presentation"><span role="presentation" style="padding-right: 0.1px;"><span cm-text=""></span></span></pre><pre class=" CodeMirror-line " role="presentation"><span role="presentation" style="padding-right: 0.1px;"> }</span></pre><pre class=" CodeMirror-line " role="presentation"><span role="presentation" style="padding-right: 0.1px;"><span cm-text=""></span></span></pre><pre class=" CodeMirror-line " role="presentation"><span role="presentation" style="padding-right: 0.1px;">}</span></pre></div></div></div></div></div><div style="position: absolute; height: 0px; width: 1px; border-bottom-width: 0px; border-bottom-style: solid; border-bottom-color: transparent; top: 1430px;"></div><div class="CodeMirror-gutters" style="display: none; height: 1430px;"></div></div></div></pre></li><li class='md-task-list-item task-list-item task-list-not-done' ><input type='checkbox' /><p><span>Zaznacz w inspektorze przy Clock Hand wcześniej przygotowany objekt</span></p></li><li class='md-task-list-item task-list-item task-list-not-done' ><input type='checkbox' /><p><span>Dodaj odpowiednie przekształcenia, tak aby duży zegar pokazywał czas i mały zegar pokazywał czas od uruchomienia aplikacji</span></p></li></ul></li></ol><h1><a name="l-system" class="md-header-anchor"></a><span>L-System</span></h1><p><span>W tej części zajęć skupimy się na tworzeniu L-Systemów i wykorzystaniu ich do reprezentacji zjawisk przyrodniczych.</span></p><blockquote><p><strong><span>Przypomnienie</span></strong>
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<strong><span>L-System</span></strong><span> to system przepisywania i gramatyka formalna. Składa się z: symboli, które tworzą ciągi znaków; reguł produkcyjnych, które opisują na co należy przepisać dany znak; aksjomatu, czyli początkowego ciągu znaków; i mechanizmu, który tłumaczy ciąg znaków na reprezentacje geometryczną </span></p></blockquote><p><span>Bazą dla tych zajęć jest książka Algorithmic Beauty of Plants dostępna za darmo pod </span><a href='http://algorithmicbotany.org/papers/abop/abop.lowquality.pdf'><span>linkiem</span></a><span> lub </span><a href='http://algorithmicbotany.org/papers/abop/abop.pdf'><span>w wyższej jakości</span></a></p><h2><a name="składnia-l-systemów" class="md-header-anchor"></a><span>Składnia L-Systemów</span></h2><p><span>Projekt zawiera bibliotekę, która interpretuje L-Systemy. Ich definicję pobiera z oddzielnego pliku. Ich składnie opisuję definicja L-Systemu opisującego rozwój bakterii Anabaena znajduje się w projekcie pod ścieżką </span><code>Assets\LSystem\Anabaena.txt</code><span> i wygląda następująco:</span></p><pre spellcheck="false" class="md-fences md-end-block ty-contain-cm modeLoaded" lang=""><div class="CodeMirror cm-s-inner CodeMirror-wrap" lang=""><div style="overflow: hidden; position: relative; width: 3px; height: 0px; top: 0px; left: 4px;"><textarea autocorrect="off" autocapitalize="off" spellcheck="false" tabindex="0" style="position: absolute; bottom: -1em; padding: 0px; width: 1000px; height: 1em; outline: none;"></textarea></div><div class="CodeMirror-scrollbar-filler" cm-not-content="true"></div><div class="CodeMirror-gutter-filler" cm-not-content="true"></div><div class="CodeMirror-scroll" tabindex="-1"><div class="CodeMirror-sizer" style="margin-left: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; border-right-width: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-bottom: 0px;"><div style="position: relative; top: 0px;"><div class="CodeMirror-lines" role="presentation"><div role="presentation" style="position: relative; outline: none;"><div class="CodeMirror-measure"><pre><span>xxxxxxxxxx</span></pre></div><div class="CodeMirror-measure"></div><div style="position: relative; z-index: 1;"></div><div class="CodeMirror-code" role="presentation" style=""><div class="CodeMirror-activeline" style="position: relative;"><div class="CodeMirror-activeline-background CodeMirror-linebackground"></div><div class="CodeMirror-gutter-background CodeMirror-activeline-gutter" style="left: 0px; width: 0px;"></div><pre class=" CodeMirror-line " role="presentation"><span role="presentation" style="padding-right: 0.1px;">#axiom</span></pre></div><pre class=" CodeMirror-line " role="presentation"><span role="presentation" style="padding-right: 0.1px;">L</span></pre><pre class=" CodeMirror-line " role="presentation"><span role="presentation" style="padding-right: 0.1px;">#rules</span></pre><pre class=" CodeMirror-line " role="presentation"><span role="presentation" style="padding-right: 0.1px;">L->lR</span></pre><pre class=" CodeMirror-line " role="presentation"><span role="presentation" style="padding-right: 0.1px;">R->Lr</span></pre><pre class=" CodeMirror-line " role="presentation"><span role="presentation" style="padding-right: 0.1px;">l->L</span></pre><pre class=" CodeMirror-line " role="presentation"><span role="presentation" style="padding-right: 0.1px;">r->R</span></pre><pre class=" CodeMirror-line " role="presentation"><span role="presentation" style="padding-right: 0.1px;">#end rules</span></pre></div></div></div></div></div><div style="position: absolute; height: 0px; width: 1px; border-bottom-width: 0px; border-bottom-style: solid; border-bottom-color: transparent; top: 208px;"></div><div class="CodeMirror-gutters" style="display: none; height: 208px;"></div></div></div></pre><p><span>Plik należy zacząć od linii </span><code>#axiom</code><span>, następnie w następnej linii zamieścić ciąg początkowy. Później pomiędzy liniami </span><code>#rules</code><span> i </span><code>#end rules</code><span> umieścić instrukcje przepisywania według zasady:</span>
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<code><znak przepisywany>-><wynik przepisania></code>
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<span>każdy znak przed strzałką i po strzałce (z wyjątkiem reguł o których później) jest traktowany jako następny symbol. W przypadku kilku reguł, które dotyczą tego samego symbolu wykona się ta, która jest wyżej w pliku. Między reguły można dodawać komentarze, znakiem komentującym jest </span><code>#</code><span>. Jeżeli znak nie posiada żadnej reguły, która by go opisywała, to nie jest on zmieniany. </span></p><p><span>Odpal scenę </span><strong><span>LSystemFromFile</span></strong><span>, zaznacz </span><strong><span>LSystemController</span></strong><span> w panelu po prawej. Po lewej w polu </span><strong><span>L System Path</span></strong><span> wpisz </span><code>Assets\LSystem\Anabaena.txt</code><span> kliknij </span><strong><span>Load File</span></strong><span>, by załadować LSystem. Następnie Evaluate, by wykonać przepisanie. W scenie wyświetlą się obiekty reprezentujące symbole a w konsoli wyświetli się wynik przepisania.</span></p><p><span>Składnia wszystkich rozszerzeń jest zaprezentowana w pliku </span><code>SampleLSystem.txt</code><span> w tej chwili niektóre reguły mogą byc niezrozumiałe, ale może się on przydać później jako wzorzec. </span></p><h2><a name="turtle-graphics" class="md-header-anchor"></a><span>Turtle Graphics</span></h2><p><span>Turtle Graphics jest metodą tworzenia grafiki komputerowej, wykorzystuje kursor (tytułowego żółwia) wykonujący instrukcje w przestrzeni lokalnej.</span></p><p><img src="Turtle-animation-20210313143359379.gif" referrerpolicy="no-referrer" alt="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Turtle_graphics"></p><p><span>L-Systemy można interpretować za pomocą Turtle Graphics, poprzez przypisanie każdemu symbolowi instrukcji jaką ma wykonać żółw. Następnie żółw będzie wykonywał kolejne instrukcje czytając napis od lewej do prawej.</span></p><p><span>Na początek zaczniemy od prostej reprezentacji, gdzie </span><code>+</code><span> będzie oznaczał w kierunku zgodnym z ruchem wskazówek zegara o wskazany kąt, natomiast </span><code>-</code><span> w przeciwnym. Kąt zwyczajowo oznacza się grecką literą $\delta$. Każdy inny symbol będzie oznaczał idź prosto o 1. </span></p><p><span>Odpal Scenę LSystem2D, załaduj plik </span><code>Sierpinski.txt</code><span>, ustaw kąt na 60 stopni i wykonaj kilka kroków. </span></p><h3><a name="zadanie" class="md-header-anchor"></a><span>Zadanie </span></h3><p><span>napisz Lsystem, który będzie rysował gwiazdkę kocha </span></p><ol><li><h4><a name="krzywa-kocha" class="md-header-anchor"></a><span>Krzywa kocha:</span></h4></li></ol><p><img src="../../../../Downloads/Wirtualne Światy treść zadań/Kochsim.gif" /></p><p><img src="../../../../Downloads/Wirtualne Światy treść zadań/RPReplay_Final1615641331.gif" style="zoom:50%;" /></p><p><span>Opis:</span></p><ol><li><span>Podziel linię na 3 równę części</span></li><li><span>Przy środkowej części narysuj równoboczny trójkąt zwrócony na zewnątrz</span></li><li><span>Usuń środkową część pierwotnej lini</span></li></ol><p><span>Musimy z jednej lini zrobić 4 nowe, z czego pierwsza i ostatnia idą w tym samym kierunku, a dwie środkowe idą pod innym kątem (podpowiedź: dając dwa razy + lub - możesz zwiększyć kąt)</span></p><ol start='2' ><li><h4><a name="w-pierwszym-kroku-l-systemu-utwórz-trójkąt" class="md-header-anchor"></a><span>W pierwszym kroku L-Systemu utwórz trójkąt</span></h4><p><img src="Von_Koch_curve.gif" referrerpolicy="no-referrer"></p></li></ol><h2><a name="bracketed-l-systems" class="md-header-anchor"></a><span>Bracketed L-systems </span></h2><p><span>W podstawowej wersji L-Systemy są pojedyńczym ciągiem znaków, by uzyskać możliwość tworzenia rozgałęzień wprowadzamy dwa specjalne znaki </span><code>[</code><span> oraz </span><code>]</code><span> pierwszy mówi, żeby zapamiętać obecny stan, drugi oznacza by wrócić do stanu zapamiętanym przy ostatnim znaku </span><code>[</code><span>. Przykładowo ciąg symboli </span><code>F[+FFF][-F]FF</code><span> dla $\delta=90$ będzie reprezentowany następująco</span>
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<img src="im_bracketed-5642437.jpg" referrerpolicy="no-referrer" alt="obraz"></p><h3><a name="zadanie-n245" class="md-header-anchor"></a><span>Zadanie</span></h3><p><span>Stwórz systemy a i e:</span></p><p><img src="../../../../Downloads/Wirtualne Światy treść zadań/Screenshot 2021-03-13 at 14.29.06.png" alt="Screenshot 2021-03-13 at 14.29.06" /><span> </span><img src="Screenshot 2021-03-13 at 14.29.10.png" referrerpolicy="no-referrer" alt="Screenshot 2021-03-13 at 14.29.10"></p><h2><a name="pisanie-własnej-interpretacji-lsystemów" class="md-header-anchor"></a><span>Pisanie własnej interpretacji LSystemów</span></h2><p><span>Wróćmy do sceny LSystemFromFile W tej scenie zamiast kresek pojawiają się figury reprezentujące komórki (czerwona lewa, zielona prawa, niska młoda, wysoka dorosła). Otwórz skrypt AnabeanaTurtle.cs, który odpowiada za rysowanie. Zawiera on klasę </span><code>AnabeanaTurtle</code><span> dziedziczącą po </span><code>TurtleLSystem</code><span>. </span><code>TurtleLSystem</code><span> jest klasą abstrakcyjną, wymaga zdefiniowania funkcji </span><code>initLiteralInterpretation</code><span>, w której należy opisać jak interpretować symbole.</span></p><pre spellcheck="false" class="md-fences md-end-block ty-contain-cm modeLoaded" lang="CS"><div class="CodeMirror cm-s-inner CodeMirror-wrap" lang="cs"><div style="overflow: hidden; position: relative; width: 3px; height: 0px; top: 0px; left: 4px;"><textarea autocorrect="off" autocapitalize="off" spellcheck="false" tabindex="0" style="position: absolute; bottom: -1em; padding: 0px; width: 1000px; height: 1em; outline: none;"></textarea></div><div class="CodeMirror-scrollbar-filler" cm-not-content="true"></div><div class="CodeMirror-gutter-filler" cm-not-content="true"></div><div class="CodeMirror-scroll" tabindex="-1"><div class="CodeMirror-sizer" style="margin-left: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; border-right-width: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-bottom: 0px;"><div style="position: relative; top: 0px;"><div class="CodeMirror-lines" role="presentation"><div role="presentation" style="position: relative; outline: none;"><div class="CodeMirror-measure"><pre><span>xxxxxxxxxx</span></pre></div><div class="CodeMirror-measure"></div><div style="position: relative; z-index: 1;"></div><div class="CodeMirror-code" role="presentation" style=""><div class="CodeMirror-activeline" style="position: relative;"><div class="CodeMirror-activeline-background CodeMirror-linebackground"></div><div class="CodeMirror-gutter-background CodeMirror-activeline-gutter" style="left: 0px; width: 0px;"></div><pre class=" CodeMirror-line " role="presentation"><span role="presentation" style="padding-right: 0.1px;"> <span class="cm-keyword">protected</span> <span class="cm-keyword">override</span> <span class="cm-keyword">void</span> <span class="cm-variable">initLiteralInterpretation</span>() {</span></pre></div><pre class=" CodeMirror-line " role="presentation"><span role="presentation" style="padding-right: 0.1px;"> <span class="cm-variable">turtleInterpretation</span> <span class="cm-operator">=</span> <span class="cm-keyword">new</span> <span class="cm-variable">Dictionary</span><span class="cm-operator"><</span><span class="cm-variable-3">string</span>, <span class="cm-variable-3">Func</span><span class="cm-operator"><</span><span class="cm-variable-3">float</span>[], <span class="cm-variable">Tuple</span><span class="cm-operator"><</span><span class="cm-variable">GameObject</span>, <span class="cm-variable">Matrix4x4</span><span class="cm-operator">>>></span>();</span></pre><pre class=" CodeMirror-line " role="presentation"><span role="presentation" style="padding-right: 0.1px;"> <span class="cm-comment">//turtleInterpretation</span></span></pre><pre class=" CodeMirror-line " role="presentation"><span role="presentation" style="padding-right: 0.1px;"> <span class="cm-keyword">var</span> <span class="cm-def">transformation</span> <span class="cm-operator">=</span> <span class="cm-variable">Matrix4x4</span>.<span class="cm-variable">Translate</span>(<span class="cm-keyword">new</span> <span class="cm-variable">Vector3</span>(<span class="cm-number">0.0f</span>, <span class="cm-number">0.1f</span>, <span class="cm-number">0</span>)) <span class="cm-operator">*</span> <span class="cm-variable">Matrix4x4</span>.<span class="cm-variable">Scale</span>(<span class="cm-keyword">new</span> <span class="cm-variable">Vector3</span> (<span class="cm-number">0.05f</span>, <span class="cm-number">0.1f</span>, <span class="cm-number">0.05f</span>));</span></pre><pre class=" CodeMirror-line " role="presentation"><span role="presentation" style="padding-right: 0.1px;"><span cm-text=""></span></span></pre><pre class=" CodeMirror-line " role="presentation"><span role="presentation" style="padding-right: 0.1px;"> <span class="cm-variable">turtleInterpretation</span>.<span class="cm-variable">Add</span>(<span class="cm-string">"+"</span>, (<span class="cm-variable-3">float</span>[] <span class="cm-variable">args</span>) <span class="cm-operator">=></span> <span class="cm-keyword">new</span> <span class="cm-variable">Tuple</span><span class="cm-operator"><</span><span class="cm-variable">GameObject</span>, <span class="cm-variable">Matrix4x4</span><span class="cm-operator">></span>(<span class="cm-atom">null</span>, <span class="cm-variable">Matrix4x4</span>.<span class="cm-variable">Rotate</span>(<span class="cm-variable">Quaternion</span>.<span class="cm-variable">Euler</span>(<span class="cm-number">0</span>, <span class="cm-number">0</span>, <span class="cm-operator">-</span><span class="cm-variable">angle</span>))));</span></pre><pre class=" CodeMirror-line " role="presentation"><span role="presentation" style="padding-right: 0.1px;"> <span class="cm-variable">turtleInterpretation</span>.<span class="cm-variable">Add</span>(<span class="cm-string">"-"</span>, (<span class="cm-variable-3">float</span>[] <span class="cm-variable">args</span>) <span class="cm-operator">=></span> <span class="cm-keyword">new</span> <span class="cm-variable">Tuple</span><span class="cm-operator"><</span><span class="cm-variable">GameObject</span>, <span class="cm-variable">Matrix4x4</span><span class="cm-operator">></span>(<span class="cm-atom">null</span>, <span class="cm-variable">Matrix4x4</span>.<span class="cm-variable">Rotate</span>(<span class="cm-variable">Quaternion</span>.<span class="cm-variable">Euler</span>(<span class="cm-number">0</span>, <span class="cm-number">0</span>, <span class="cm-variable">angle</span>))));</span></pre><pre class=" CodeMirror-line " role="presentation"><span role="presentation" style="padding-right: 0.1px;"><span cm-text=""></span></span></pre><pre class=" CodeMirror-line " role="presentation"><span role="presentation" style="padding-right: 0.1px;"> <span class="cm-comment">//Wildcard how to represent any other symbol</span></span></pre><pre class=" CodeMirror-line " role="presentation"><span role="presentation" style="padding-right: 0.1px;"> <span class="cm-variable">turtleInterpretation</span>.<span class="cm-variable">Add</span>(<span class="cm-string">"*.*"</span>, (<span class="cm-variable-3">float</span>[] <span class="cm-variable">args</span>) <span class="cm-operator">=></span> <span class="cm-keyword">new</span> <span class="cm-variable">Tuple</span><span class="cm-operator"><</span><span class="cm-variable">GameObject</span>, <span class="cm-variable">Matrix4x4</span><span class="cm-operator">></span>(<span class="cm-variable">obj</span>, <span class="cm-variable">transformation</span>));</span></pre><pre class=" CodeMirror-line " role="presentation"><span role="presentation" style="padding-right: 0.1px;"> }</span></pre><pre class=" CodeMirror-line " role="presentation"><span role="presentation" style="padding-right: 0.1px;"><span cm-text=""></span></span></pre></div></div></div></div></div><div style="position: absolute; height: 0px; width: 1px; border-bottom-width: 0px; border-bottom-style: solid; border-bottom-color: transparent; top: 442px;"></div><div class="CodeMirror-gutters" style="display: none; height: 442px;"></div></div></div></pre><p><span>Żeby tego dokonać należy uzupełnić słownik </span><code>turtleInterpretation</code><span>, którego kluczami są opisywane symbole jako stringi. Natomiast wartościami są funkcje, które przyjmują jako argument tablicę parametrów danego symbolu (o tym później) a zwracają Krotkę, której pierwszym elementem jest rysowany obiekt, natomiast drugim transformacja, jaką wykona żółw. Powyższym przykładzie obiekty są czytane z modeli a transformacja zawsze jest taka sama, czyli translacja o wektor (0.1,0,0) i skalowanie o wektor (0.1,0.1,0.1). (Skalowania nie są pamiętane przez żółwia)</span></p><p><span>Te funkcje są wykorzystywane przez żółwia do interpretacji ciągu symboli. Przykładowo </span><code>LRr</code><span> zostanie zinterpretowany następująco:</span></p><ul><li><span>żółw przesuwa się o 0.1 w osi X umieszcza bigL w punkcie (0.1,0,0)</span></li><li><span>żółw przesuwa się o 0.1 w osi X umieszcza bigR w punkcie (0.2,0,0) (ponieważ (0.1,0,0)+(0.1,0,0)=(0.2,0,0) )</span></li><li><span>żółw przesuwa się o 0.1 w osi X umieszcza bigL w punkcie (0.3,0,0)</span></li></ul><h3><a name="zadanie-n260" class="md-header-anchor"></a><span>Zadanie</span></h3><p><span>Jak wyszukasz w internecie obrazki Anabaeny, zobaczysz, że są one często powykręcane, dodaj do macierz przekształceń obroty w osi Y o losowy kąt pomiędzy -20 a 20 stopni.</span></p><h2><a name="parametryczne-l-systemy" class="md-header-anchor"></a><span>Parametryczne L-Systemy </span></h2><p><span>Parametryczne L-Systemy operują na symbolach parametrycznych znakach, czyli takich, które posiadają 0 lub więcej parametrów rzeczywistych. Pozwala to przechowywać różne wewnętrzne stany obiektów. Przykładowo dla modelu Anabeany powyżej rozróżniamy tylko 2 stany, młody i dorosły. Dzięki parametrycznym L-Systemom możemy opisać wiek w sposób bardziej ciągły. Przykładowo poniższy L-System komórki która rośnie i jak osiągnie odpowiedni wiek rozdziela się na dwie młode komórki</span></p><pre spellcheck="false" class="md-fences md-end-block ty-contain-cm modeLoaded" lang=""><div class="CodeMirror cm-s-inner CodeMirror-wrap" lang=""><div style="overflow: hidden; position: relative; width: 3px; height: 0px; top: 0px; left: 4px;"><textarea autocorrect="off" autocapitalize="off" spellcheck="false" tabindex="0" style="position: absolute; bottom: -1em; padding: 0px; width: 1000px; height: 1em; outline: none;"></textarea></div><div class="CodeMirror-scrollbar-filler" cm-not-content="true"></div><div class="CodeMirror-gutter-filler" cm-not-content="true"></div><div class="CodeMirror-scroll" tabindex="-1"><div class="CodeMirror-sizer" style="margin-left: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; border-right-width: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-bottom: 0px;"><div style="position: relative; top: 0px;"><div class="CodeMirror-lines" role="presentation"><div role="presentation" style="position: relative; outline: none;"><div class="CodeMirror-measure"><pre><span>xxxxxxxxxx</span></pre></div><div class="CodeMirror-measure"></div><div style="position: relative; z-index: 1;"></div><div class="CodeMirror-code" role="presentation" style=""><div class="CodeMirror-activeline" style="position: relative;"><div class="CodeMirror-activeline-background CodeMirror-linebackground"></div><div class="CodeMirror-gutter-background CodeMirror-activeline-gutter" style="left: 0px; width: 0px;"></div><pre class=" CodeMirror-line " role="presentation"><span role="presentation" style="padding-right: 0.1px;">#axiom </span></pre></div><pre class=" CodeMirror-line " role="presentation"><span role="presentation" style="padding-right: 0.1px;">B(1)</span></pre><pre class=" CodeMirror-line " role="presentation"><span role="presentation" style="padding-right: 0.1px;">#rules</span></pre><pre class=" CodeMirror-line " role="presentation"><span role="presentation" style="padding-right: 0.1px;">B(a) : a<2 -> B(a+0.1)</span></pre><pre class=" CodeMirror-line " role="presentation"><span role="presentation" style="padding-right: 0.1px;">B(a) : a>=2 -> B(1)B(1)</span></pre><pre class=" CodeMirror-line " role="presentation"><span role="presentation" style="padding-right: 0.1px;">#end rules</span></pre></div></div></div></div></div><div style="position: absolute; height: 0px; width: 1px; border-bottom-width: 0px; border-bottom-style: solid; border-bottom-color: transparent; top: 156px;"></div><div class="CodeMirror-gutters" style="display: none; height: 156px;"></div></div></div></pre><p><span>Parametry zapisuje się wewnątrz nawiasów po przecinku. W aksjomacie muszą one mieć wartości liczbowe. Po lewej stronie trzeba nadać parametrom nazwy (mogą mieć one więcej niż jeden znak). Symbole są identyfikowane po nazwie i liczbie znaków. Po dwukropku można podać warunki logiczne jakie musi spełnić symbol. można w tym umieszczać operacje matematyczne, dozwolone jest mnożenie, dzielenie, dodawanie i odejmowanie. podobnie w parametrach po prawej stronie </span></p><h3><a name="zadanie-n266" class="md-header-anchor"></a><span>Zadanie</span></h3><p><span>Napisz dla parametrycznej wersji Anabeny taką interpretację, żeby komórki rosły wraz z wiekiem.</span></p><h2><a name="stochastyczne-l-systemy" class="md-header-anchor"></a><span>Stochastyczne L-Systemy</span></h2><p><span>Niektóre procesy biologiczne są zbyt skomplikowane albo niedostatecznie zbadane, żeby można je było je zasymulować lub zwyczajnie nie mamy potrzeby symulować mechanizmów tak dokładnie. Zamiast tego możemy skorzystać z losowości, która przybliży zachowanie natury. </span></p><p><span>Przykładowo możemy losowo decydować czy w roślinie wyrośnie boczna gałąź czy nie. Co realizuje poniższy L-System (znajduje się on także w pliku </span><code>stochastic.txt</code><span>)</span></p><pre spellcheck="false" class="md-fences md-end-block ty-contain-cm modeLoaded" lang=""><div class="CodeMirror cm-s-inner CodeMirror-wrap" lang=""><div style="overflow: hidden; position: relative; width: 3px; height: 0px; top: 0px; left: 4px;"><textarea autocorrect="off" autocapitalize="off" spellcheck="false" tabindex="0" style="position: absolute; bottom: -1em; padding: 0px; width: 1000px; height: 1em; outline: none;"></textarea></div><div class="CodeMirror-scrollbar-filler" cm-not-content="true"></div><div class="CodeMirror-gutter-filler" cm-not-content="true"></div><div class="CodeMirror-scroll" tabindex="-1"><div class="CodeMirror-sizer" style="margin-left: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; border-right-width: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-bottom: 0px;"><div style="position: relative; top: 0px;"><div class="CodeMirror-lines" role="presentation"><div role="presentation" style="position: relative; outline: none;"><div class="CodeMirror-measure"><pre><span>xxxxxxxxxx</span></pre></div><div class="CodeMirror-measure"></div><div style="position: relative; z-index: 1;"></div><div class="CodeMirror-code" role="presentation" style=""><div class="CodeMirror-activeline" style="position: relative;"><div class="CodeMirror-activeline-background CodeMirror-linebackground"></div><div class="CodeMirror-gutter-background CodeMirror-activeline-gutter" style="left: 0px; width: 0px;"></div><pre class=" CodeMirror-line " role="presentation"><span role="presentation" style="padding-right: 0.1px;">#axiom</span></pre></div><pre class=" CodeMirror-line " role="presentation"><span role="presentation" style="padding-right: 0.1px;">B</span></pre><pre class=" CodeMirror-line " role="presentation"><span role="presentation" style="padding-right: 0.1px;">#rules</span></pre><pre class=" CodeMirror-line " role="presentation"><span role="presentation" style="padding-right: 0.1px;">B -> #stochastic</span></pre><pre class=" CodeMirror-line " role="presentation"><span role="presentation" style="padding-right: 0.1px;">p=3 FB</span></pre><pre class=" CodeMirror-line " role="presentation"><span role="presentation" style="padding-right: 0.1px;">p=1 [+FB]FB</span></pre><pre class=" CodeMirror-line " role="presentation"><span role="presentation" style="padding-right: 0.1px;">p=1 [-FB]FB</span></pre><pre class=" CodeMirror-line " role="presentation"><span role="presentation" style="padding-right: 0.1px;">p=1 F</span></pre><pre class=" CodeMirror-line " role="presentation"><span role="presentation" style="padding-right: 0.1px;">#stochastic end</span></pre><pre class=" CodeMirror-line " role="presentation"><span role="presentation" style="padding-right: 0.1px;">#rules end</span></pre><pre class=" CodeMirror-line " role="presentation"><span role="presentation" style="padding-right: 0.1px;"><span cm-text=""></span></span></pre></div></div></div></div></div><div style="position: absolute; height: 0px; width: 1px; border-bottom-width: 0px; border-bottom-style: solid; border-bottom-color: transparent; top: 286px;"></div><div class="CodeMirror-gutters" style="display: none; height: 286px;"></div></div></div></pre><p><span>W powyższym przypadku mamy symbol B, który symbolizuje merystem (część rośliny zdolną do rozwoju); F oznacza rozwiniętą gałąź. B może rozwinąć łodygę, wytworzyć gałąź po prawej, wytworzyć gałąź po lewej lub zaprzestać rozwój. </span></p><p><span>Odpal scenę </span><code>LSystem2D</code><span> załaduj </span><code>stochastic.txt</code><span> i odpal kilka razy od początku (żeby zresetować, kliknij </span><em><span>Load File</span></em><span>). </span></p><p><span>Reguły stochastyczne należy zacząć od słowa </span><code>#stochastic</code><span>. Następnie po linijce wypisać wyniki, poprzedzając je frazą </span><code>p=W</code><span>, gdzie </span><code>W</code><span> to waga danego wyniku. Wagi mogą być dowolną dodatnią liczbą rzeczywistą. Interpreter na podstawie wag przydzieli prawdopodobieństwo kolejnym wynikom. Przykładowo w powyższym L-Systemie reguły zostaną wykonane następująco:</span></p><ul><li><span>FB z prawdopodobieństwem $\frac{3}{6}$</span></li><li><span>[+FB]FB z prawdopodobieństwem $\frac{1}{6}$</span></li><li><span>[+FB]FB z prawdopodobieństwem $\frac{1}{6}$</span></li><li><span>F z prawdopodobieństwem $\frac{1}{6}$</span></li></ul><p><img src="../CW1/Screenshot 2021-03-14 at 07.32.36.png" alt="Screenshot 2021-03-14 at 07.32.36" style="zoom:33%;" /><img src="../CW1/Screenshot 2021-03-14 at 07.32.56.png" alt="Screenshot 2021-03-14 at 07.32.56" style="zoom:33%;" /><span> </span><img src="../CW1/Screenshot 2021-03-14 at 07.33.17.png" alt="Screenshot 2021-03-14 at 07.33.17" style="zoom:33%;" /></p><h3><a name="zadanie-n599" class="md-header-anchor"></a><span>zadanie </span></h3><p><span>Obecnie zdarza się tak, że L-System wchodzi w ostatnią regułę na samym początku i nic nie wyrasta. Innym razem wyrasta bardzo dużo odgałęzień i całość wymyka się spod kontroli a na pewno przestaje przypominać roślinę. Pomyśl jak można zaradzić tym dwóm problemom, zmodyfikuj L-System tak, by ich uniknąć. Możesz dodać nowe symbole lub/i wykorzystać symbole parametryczne.</span></p><h2><a name="zadanie-domowe" class="md-header-anchor"></a><span>Zadanie domowe</span></h2><p><span>Scena </span><code>LSystem3D</code><span> jest kopią sceny </span><code>LSystem2D</code><span>, korzysta ona ze skryptu </span><code>Turtle3D</code><span> zamiast </span><code>Turtle2D</code><span> (chociaż są one na razie identyczne). Dodaj do </span><code>Turtle3D</code><span> obsługę obrotów w trzech wymiarach za pomocą znaków:</span></p><ul><li><code>&</code><span> obrót do góry (pitch), czyli obrót względem osi X o kąt $\delta$ </span></li><li><code>^</code><span> obrót do góry (pitch), czyli obrót względem osi X o kąt $-\delta$ </span></li><li><code>\</code><span> obrót do obrót w prawo (roll), czyli obrót względem osi Y o kąt $-\delta$ </span></li><li><code>/</code><span> obrót do obrót w lewo (roll), czyli obrót względem osi Y o kąt $\delta$ </span></li></ul><p><span>Poza tym dla symboli </span><code>L</code><span> i </span><code>F</code><span> dodaj interpretacje kolejno jako liść i kwiat. W folderze Models są gotowe modele, ale możesz ściągnąć własne.</span></p><p><span>Wykorzystaj dotychczasową wiedzę i powyższą interpretację, by stworzyć L-System generujący roślinę polną jak poniższy chaber. </span></p><p><img src="../CW1/7_Centaurea_cyanus.jpg" referrerpolicy="no-referrer" alt="rysunek chabra z wikipedii"></p></div>
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