823 lines
29 KiB
Python
823 lines
29 KiB
Python
|
#!/usr/bin/env python
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
"""Contains an example of midi input, and a separate example of midi output.
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
By default it runs the output example.
|
||
|
|
python midi.py --output
|
||
|
|
python midi.py --input
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
"""
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
import sys
|
||
|
|
import os
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
import pygame
|
||
|
|
import pygame.midi
|
||
|
|
from pygame.locals import *
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
try: # Ensure set available for output example
|
||
|
|
set
|
||
|
|
except NameError:
|
||
|
|
from sets import Set as set
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
def print_device_info():
|
||
|
|
pygame.midi.init()
|
||
|
|
_print_device_info()
|
||
|
|
pygame.midi.quit()
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
def _print_device_info():
|
||
|
|
for i in range( pygame.midi.get_count() ):
|
||
|
|
r = pygame.midi.get_device_info(i)
|
||
|
|
(interf, name, input, output, opened) = r
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
in_out = ""
|
||
|
|
if input:
|
||
|
|
in_out = "(input)"
|
||
|
|
if output:
|
||
|
|
in_out = "(output)"
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
print ("%2i: interface :%s:, name :%s:, opened :%s: %s" %
|
||
|
|
(i, interf, name, opened, in_out))
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
def input_main(device_id = None):
|
||
|
|
pygame.init()
|
||
|
|
pygame.fastevent.init()
|
||
|
|
event_get = pygame.fastevent.get
|
||
|
|
event_post = pygame.fastevent.post
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
pygame.midi.init()
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
_print_device_info()
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
if device_id is None:
|
||
|
|
input_id = pygame.midi.get_default_input_id()
|
||
|
|
else:
|
||
|
|
input_id = device_id
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
print ("using input_id :%s:" % input_id)
|
||
|
|
i = pygame.midi.Input( input_id )
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
pygame.display.set_mode((1,1))
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
going = True
|
||
|
|
while going:
|
||
|
|
events = event_get()
|
||
|
|
for e in events:
|
||
|
|
if e.type in [QUIT]:
|
||
|
|
going = False
|
||
|
|
if e.type in [KEYDOWN]:
|
||
|
|
going = False
|
||
|
|
if e.type in [pygame.midi.MIDIIN]:
|
||
|
|
print (e)
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
if i.poll():
|
||
|
|
midi_events = i.read(10)
|
||
|
|
# convert them into pygame events.
|
||
|
|
midi_evs = pygame.midi.midis2events(midi_events, i.device_id)
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
for m_e in midi_evs:
|
||
|
|
event_post( m_e )
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
del i
|
||
|
|
pygame.midi.quit()
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
def output_main(device_id = None):
|
||
|
|
"""Execute a musical keyboard example for the Church Organ instrument
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
This is a piano keyboard example, with a two octave keyboard, starting at
|
||
|
|
note F3. Left mouse down over a key starts a note, left up stops it. The
|
||
|
|
notes are also mapped to the computer keyboard keys, assuming an American
|
||
|
|
English PC keyboard (sorry everyone else, but I don't know if I can map to
|
||
|
|
absolute key position instead of value.) The white keys are on the second
|
||
|
|
row, TAB to BACKSLASH, starting with note F3. The black keys map to the top
|
||
|
|
row, '1' to BACKSPACE, starting with F#3. 'r' is middle C. Close the
|
||
|
|
window or press ESCAPE to quit the program. Key velocity (note
|
||
|
|
amplitude) varies vertically on the keyboard image, with minimum velocity
|
||
|
|
at the top of a key and maximum velocity at bottom.
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
Default Midi output, no device_id given, is to the default output device
|
||
|
|
for the computer.
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
"""
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
# A note to new pygamers:
|
||
|
|
#
|
||
|
|
# All the midi module stuff is in this function. It is unnecessary to
|
||
|
|
# understand how the keyboard display works to appreciate how midi
|
||
|
|
# messages are sent.
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
# The keyboard is drawn by a Keyboard instance. This instance maps Midi
|
||
|
|
# notes to musical keyboard keys. A regions surface maps window position
|
||
|
|
# to (Midi note, velocity) pairs. A key_mapping dictionary does the same
|
||
|
|
# for computer keyboard keys. Midi sound is controlled with direct method
|
||
|
|
# calls to a pygame.midi.Output instance.
|
||
|
|
#
|
||
|
|
# Things to consider when using pygame.midi:
|
||
|
|
#
|
||
|
|
# 1) Initialize the midi module with a to pygame.midi.init().
|
||
|
|
# 2) Create a midi.Output instance for the desired output device port.
|
||
|
|
# 3) Select instruments with set_instrument() method calls.
|
||
|
|
# 4) Play notes with note_on() and note_off() method calls.
|
||
|
|
# 5) Call pygame.midi.Quit() when finished. Though the midi module tries
|
||
|
|
# to ensure that midi is properly shut down, it is best to do it
|
||
|
|
# explicitly. A try/finally statement is the safest way to do this.
|
||
|
|
#
|
||
|
|
GRAND_PIANO = 0
|
||
|
|
CHURCH_ORGAN = 19
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
instrument = CHURCH_ORGAN
|
||
|
|
#instrument = GRAND_PIANO
|
||
|
|
start_note = 53 # F3 (white key note), start_note != 0
|
||
|
|
n_notes = 24 # Two octaves (14 white keys)
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
bg_color = Color('slategray')
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
key_mapping = make_key_mapping([K_TAB, K_1, K_q, K_2, K_w, K_3, K_e, K_r,
|
||
|
|
K_5, K_t, K_6, K_y, K_u, K_8, K_i, K_9,
|
||
|
|
K_o, K_0, K_p, K_LEFTBRACKET, K_EQUALS,
|
||
|
|
K_RIGHTBRACKET, K_BACKSPACE, K_BACKSLASH],
|
||
|
|
start_note)
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
pygame.init()
|
||
|
|
pygame.midi.init()
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
_print_device_info()
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
if device_id is None:
|
||
|
|
port = pygame.midi.get_default_output_id()
|
||
|
|
else:
|
||
|
|
port = device_id
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
print ("using output_id :%s:" % port)
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
midi_out = pygame.midi.Output(port, 0)
|
||
|
|
try:
|
||
|
|
midi_out.set_instrument(instrument)
|
||
|
|
keyboard = Keyboard(start_note, n_notes)
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
screen = pygame.display.set_mode(keyboard.rect.size)
|
||
|
|
screen.fill(bg_color)
|
||
|
|
pygame.display.flip()
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
background = pygame.Surface(screen.get_size())
|
||
|
|
background.fill(bg_color)
|
||
|
|
dirty_rects = []
|
||
|
|
keyboard.draw(screen, background, dirty_rects)
|
||
|
|
pygame.display.update(dirty_rects)
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
regions = pygame.Surface(screen.get_size()) # initial color (0,0,0)
|
||
|
|
keyboard.map_regions(regions)
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
pygame.event.set_blocked(MOUSEMOTION)
|
||
|
|
repeat = 1
|
||
|
|
mouse_note = 0
|
||
|
|
on_notes = set()
|
||
|
|
while 1:
|
||
|
|
update_rects = None
|
||
|
|
e = pygame.event.wait()
|
||
|
|
if e.type == pygame.MOUSEBUTTONDOWN:
|
||
|
|
mouse_note, velocity, __, __ = regions.get_at(e.pos)
|
||
|
|
if mouse_note and mouse_note not in on_notes:
|
||
|
|
keyboard.key_down(mouse_note)
|
||
|
|
midi_out.note_on(mouse_note, velocity)
|
||
|
|
on_notes.add(mouse_note)
|
||
|
|
else:
|
||
|
|
mouse_note = 0
|
||
|
|
elif e.type == pygame.MOUSEBUTTONUP:
|
||
|
|
if mouse_note:
|
||
|
|
midi_out.note_off(mouse_note)
|
||
|
|
keyboard.key_up(mouse_note)
|
||
|
|
on_notes.remove(mouse_note)
|
||
|
|
mouse_note = 0
|
||
|
|
elif e.type == pygame.QUIT:
|
||
|
|
break
|
||
|
|
elif e.type == pygame.KEYDOWN:
|
||
|
|
if e.key == pygame.K_ESCAPE:
|
||
|
|
break
|
||
|
|
try:
|
||
|
|
note, velocity = key_mapping[e.key]
|
||
|
|
except KeyError:
|
||
|
|
pass
|
||
|
|
else:
|
||
|
|
if note not in on_notes:
|
||
|
|
keyboard.key_down(note)
|
||
|
|
midi_out.note_on(note, velocity)
|
||
|
|
on_notes.add(note)
|
||
|
|
elif e.type == pygame.KEYUP:
|
||
|
|
try:
|
||
|
|
note, __ = key_mapping[e.key]
|
||
|
|
except KeyError:
|
||
|
|
pass
|
||
|
|
else:
|
||
|
|
if note in on_notes and note != mouse_note:
|
||
|
|
keyboard.key_up(note)
|
||
|
|
midi_out.note_off(note, 0)
|
||
|
|
on_notes.remove(note)
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
dirty_rects = []
|
||
|
|
keyboard.draw(screen, background, dirty_rects)
|
||
|
|
pygame.display.update(dirty_rects)
|
||
|
|
finally:
|
||
|
|
del midi_out
|
||
|
|
pygame.midi.quit()
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
def make_key_mapping(key_list, start_note):
|
||
|
|
"""Return a dictionary of (note, velocity) by computer keyboard key code"""
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
mapping = {}
|
||
|
|
for i in range(len(key_list)):
|
||
|
|
mapping[key_list[i]] = (start_note + i, 127)
|
||
|
|
return mapping
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
class NullKey(object):
|
||
|
|
"""A dummy key that ignores events passed to it by other keys
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
A NullKey instance is the left key instance used by default
|
||
|
|
for the left most keyboard key.
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
"""
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
def _right_white_down(self):
|
||
|
|
pass
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
def _right_white_up(self):
|
||
|
|
pass
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
def _right_black_down(self):
|
||
|
|
pass
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
def _right_black_up(self):
|
||
|
|
pass
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
null_key = NullKey()
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
def key_class(updates, image_strip, image_rects, is_white_key=True):
|
||
|
|
"""Return a keyboard key widget class
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
Arguments:
|
||
|
|
updates - a set into which a key instance adds itself if it needs
|
||
|
|
redrawing.
|
||
|
|
image_strip - The surface containing the images of all key states.
|
||
|
|
image_rects - A list of Rects giving the regions within image_strip that
|
||
|
|
are relevant to this key class.
|
||
|
|
is_white_key (default True) - Set false if this is a black key.
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
This function automates the creation of a key widget class for the
|
||
|
|
three basic key types. A key has two basic states, up or down (
|
||
|
|
depressed). Corresponding up and down images are drawn for each
|
||
|
|
of these two states. But to give the illusion of depth, a key
|
||
|
|
may have shadows cast upon it by the adjacent keys to its right.
|
||
|
|
These shadows change depending on the up/down state of the key and
|
||
|
|
its neighbors. So a key may support multiple images and states
|
||
|
|
depending on the shadows. A key type is determined by the length
|
||
|
|
of image_rects and the value of is_white.
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
"""
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
# Naming convention: Variables used by the Key class as part of a
|
||
|
|
# closure start with 'c_'.
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
# State logic and shadows:
|
||
|
|
#
|
||
|
|
# A key may cast a shadow upon the key to its left. A black key casts a
|
||
|
|
# shadow on an adjacent white key. The shadow changes depending of whether
|
||
|
|
# the black or white key is depressed. A white key casts a shadow on the
|
||
|
|
# white key to its left if it is up and the left key is down. Therefore
|
||
|
|
# a keys state, and image it will draw, is determined entirely by its
|
||
|
|
# itself and the key immediately adjacent to it on the right. A white key
|
||
|
|
# is always assumed to have an adjacent white key.
|
||
|
|
#
|
||
|
|
# There can be up to eight key states, representing all permutations
|
||
|
|
# of the three fundamental states of self up/down, adjacent white
|
||
|
|
# right up/down, adjacent black up/down.
|
||
|
|
#
|
||
|
|
down_state_none = 0
|
||
|
|
down_state_self = 1
|
||
|
|
down_state_white = down_state_self << 1
|
||
|
|
down_state_self_white = down_state_self | down_state_white
|
||
|
|
down_state_black = down_state_white << 1
|
||
|
|
down_state_self_black = down_state_self | down_state_black
|
||
|
|
down_state_white_black = down_state_white | down_state_black
|
||
|
|
down_state_all = down_state_self | down_state_white_black
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
# Some values used in the class.
|
||
|
|
#
|
||
|
|
c_down_state_initial = down_state_none
|
||
|
|
c_down_state_rect_initial = image_rects[0]
|
||
|
|
c_down_state_self = down_state_self
|
||
|
|
c_updates = updates
|
||
|
|
c_image_strip = image_strip
|
||
|
|
c_width, c_height = image_rects[0].size
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
# A key propagates its up/down state change to the adjacent white key on
|
||
|
|
# the left by calling the adjacent key's _right_black_down or
|
||
|
|
# _right_white_down method.
|
||
|
|
#
|
||
|
|
if is_white_key:
|
||
|
|
key_color = 'white'
|
||
|
|
else:
|
||
|
|
key_color = 'black'
|
||
|
|
c_notify_down_method = "_right_%s_down" % key_color
|
||
|
|
c_notify_up_method = "_right_%s_up" % key_color
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
# Images:
|
||
|
|
#
|
||
|
|
# A black key only needs two images, for the up and down states. Its
|
||
|
|
# appearance is unaffected by the adjacent keys to its right, which cast no
|
||
|
|
# shadows upon it.
|
||
|
|
#
|
||
|
|
# A white key with a no adjacent black to its right only needs three
|
||
|
|
# images, for self up, self down, and both self and adjacent white down.
|
||
|
|
#
|
||
|
|
# A white key with both a black and white key to its right needs six
|
||
|
|
# images: self up, self up and adjacent black down, self down, self and
|
||
|
|
# adjacent white down, self and adjacent black down, and all three down.
|
||
|
|
#
|
||
|
|
# Each 'c_event' dictionary maps the current key state to a new key state,
|
||
|
|
# along with corresponding image, for the related event. If no redrawing
|
||
|
|
# is required for the state change then the image rect is simply None.
|
||
|
|
#
|
||
|
|
c_event_down = {down_state_none: (down_state_self, image_rects[1])}
|
||
|
|
c_event_up = {down_state_self: (down_state_none, image_rects[0])}
|
||
|
|
c_event_right_white_down = {
|
||
|
|
down_state_none: (down_state_none, None),
|
||
|
|
down_state_self: (down_state_self, None)}
|
||
|
|
c_event_right_white_up = c_event_right_white_down.copy()
|
||
|
|
c_event_right_black_down = c_event_right_white_down.copy()
|
||
|
|
c_event_right_black_up = c_event_right_white_down.copy()
|
||
|
|
if len(image_rects) > 2:
|
||
|
|
c_event_down[down_state_white] = (
|
||
|
|
down_state_self_white, image_rects[2])
|
||
|
|
c_event_up[down_state_self_white] = (down_state_white, image_rects[0])
|
||
|
|
c_event_right_white_down[down_state_none] = (down_state_white, None)
|
||
|
|
c_event_right_white_down[down_state_self] = (
|
||
|
|
down_state_self_white, image_rects[2])
|
||
|
|
c_event_right_white_up[down_state_white] = (down_state_none, None)
|
||
|
|
c_event_right_white_up[down_state_self_white] = (
|
||
|
|
down_state_self, image_rects[1])
|
||
|
|
c_event_right_black_down[down_state_white] = (
|
||
|
|
down_state_white, None)
|
||
|
|
c_event_right_black_down[down_state_self_white] = (
|
||
|
|
down_state_self_white, None)
|
||
|
|
c_event_right_black_up[down_state_white] = (
|
||
|
|
down_state_white, None)
|
||
|
|
c_event_right_black_up[down_state_self_white] = (
|
||
|
|
down_state_self_white, None)
|
||
|
|
if len(image_rects) > 3:
|
||
|
|
c_event_down[down_state_black] = (
|
||
|
|
down_state_self_black, image_rects[4])
|
||
|
|
c_event_down[down_state_white_black] = (down_state_all, image_rects[5])
|
||
|
|
c_event_up[down_state_self_black] = (down_state_black, image_rects[3])
|
||
|
|
c_event_up[down_state_all] = (down_state_white_black, image_rects[3])
|
||
|
|
c_event_right_white_down[down_state_black] = (
|
||
|
|
down_state_white_black, None)
|
||
|
|
c_event_right_white_down[down_state_self_black] = (
|
||
|
|
down_state_all, image_rects[5])
|
||
|
|
c_event_right_white_up[down_state_white_black] = (
|
||
|
|
down_state_black, None)
|
||
|
|
c_event_right_white_up[down_state_all] = (
|
||
|
|
down_state_self_black, image_rects[4])
|
||
|
|
c_event_right_black_down[down_state_none] = (
|
||
|
|
down_state_black, image_rects[3])
|
||
|
|
c_event_right_black_down[down_state_self] = (
|
||
|
|
down_state_self_black, image_rects[4])
|
||
|
|
c_event_right_black_down[down_state_white] = (
|
||
|
|
down_state_white_black, image_rects[3])
|
||
|
|
c_event_right_black_down[down_state_self_white] = (
|
||
|
|
down_state_all, image_rects[5])
|
||
|
|
c_event_right_black_up[down_state_black] = (
|
||
|
|
down_state_none, image_rects[0])
|
||
|
|
c_event_right_black_up[down_state_self_black] = (
|
||
|
|
down_state_self, image_rects[1])
|
||
|
|
c_event_right_black_up[down_state_white_black] = (
|
||
|
|
down_state_white, image_rects[0])
|
||
|
|
c_event_right_black_up[down_state_all] = (
|
||
|
|
down_state_self_white, image_rects[2])
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
class Key(object):
|
||
|
|
"""A key widget, maintains key state and draws the key's image
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
Constructor arguments:
|
||
|
|
ident - A unique key identifier. Any immutable type suitable as a key.
|
||
|
|
posn - The location of the key on the display surface.
|
||
|
|
key_left - Optional, the adjacent white key to the left. Changes in
|
||
|
|
up and down state are propagated to that key.
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
A key has an associated position and state. Related to state is the
|
||
|
|
image drawn. State changes are managed with method calls, one method
|
||
|
|
per event type. The up and down event methods are public. Other
|
||
|
|
internal methods are for passing on state changes to the key_left
|
||
|
|
key instance.
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
"""
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
is_white = is_white_key
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
def __init__(self, ident, posn, key_left = None):
|
||
|
|
"""Return a new Key instance
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
The initial state is up, with all adjacent keys to the right also
|
||
|
|
up.
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
"""
|
||
|
|
if key_left is None:
|
||
|
|
key_left = null_key
|
||
|
|
rect = Rect(posn[0], posn[1], c_width, c_height)
|
||
|
|
self.rect = rect
|
||
|
|
self._state = c_down_state_initial
|
||
|
|
self._source_rect = c_down_state_rect_initial
|
||
|
|
self._ident = ident
|
||
|
|
self._hash = hash(ident)
|
||
|
|
self._notify_down = getattr(key_left, c_notify_down_method)
|
||
|
|
self._notify_up = getattr(key_left, c_notify_up_method)
|
||
|
|
self._key_left = key_left
|
||
|
|
self._background_rect = Rect(rect.left, rect.bottom - 10,
|
||
|
|
c_width, 10)
|
||
|
|
c_updates.add(self)
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
def down(self):
|
||
|
|
"""Signal that this key has been depressed (is down)"""
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
self._state, source_rect = c_event_down[self._state]
|
||
|
|
if source_rect is not None:
|
||
|
|
self._source_rect = source_rect
|
||
|
|
c_updates.add(self)
|
||
|
|
self._notify_down()
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
def up(self):
|
||
|
|
"""Signal that this key has been released (is up)"""
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
self._state, source_rect = c_event_up[self._state]
|
||
|
|
if source_rect is not None:
|
||
|
|
self._source_rect = source_rect
|
||
|
|
c_updates.add(self)
|
||
|
|
self._notify_up()
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
def _right_white_down(self):
|
||
|
|
"""Signal that the adjacent white key has been depressed
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
This method is for internal propagation of events between
|
||
|
|
key instances.
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
"""
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
self._state, source_rect = c_event_right_white_down[self._state]
|
||
|
|
if source_rect is not None:
|
||
|
|
self._source_rect = source_rect
|
||
|
|
c_updates.add(self)
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
def _right_white_up(self):
|
||
|
|
"""Signal that the adjacent white key has been released
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
This method is for internal propagation of events between
|
||
|
|
key instances.
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
"""
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
self._state, source_rect = c_event_right_white_up[self._state]
|
||
|
|
if source_rect is not None:
|
||
|
|
self._source_rect = source_rect
|
||
|
|
c_updates.add(self)
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
def _right_black_down(self):
|
||
|
|
"""Signal that the adjacent black key has been depressed
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
This method is for internal propagation of events between
|
||
|
|
key instances.
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
"""
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
self._state, source_rect = c_event_right_black_down[self._state]
|
||
|
|
if source_rect is not None:
|
||
|
|
self._source_rect = source_rect
|
||
|
|
c_updates.add(self)
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
def _right_black_up(self):
|
||
|
|
"""Signal that the adjacent black key has been released
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
This method is for internal propagation of events between
|
||
|
|
key instances.
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
"""
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
self._state, source_rect = c_event_right_black_up[self._state]
|
||
|
|
if source_rect is not None:
|
||
|
|
self._source_rect = source_rect
|
||
|
|
c_updates.add(self)
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
def __eq__(self, other):
|
||
|
|
"""True if same identifiers"""
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
return self._ident == other._ident
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
def __hash__(self):
|
||
|
|
"""Return the immutable hash value"""
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
return self._hash
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
def __str__(self):
|
||
|
|
"""Return the key's identifier and position as a string"""
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
return ("<Key %s at (%d, %d)>" %
|
||
|
|
(self._ident, self.rect.top, self.rect.left))
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
def draw(self, surf, background, dirty_rects):
|
||
|
|
"""Redraw the key on the surface surf
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
The background is redrawn. The altered region is added to the
|
||
|
|
dirty_rects list.
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
"""
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
surf.blit(background, self._background_rect, self._background_rect)
|
||
|
|
surf.blit(c_image_strip, self.rect, self._source_rect)
|
||
|
|
dirty_rects.append(self.rect)
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
return Key
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
def key_images():
|
||
|
|
"""Return a keyboard keys image strip and a mapping of image locations
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
The return tuple is a surface and a dictionary of rects mapped to key
|
||
|
|
type.
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
This function encapsulates the constants relevant to the keyboard image
|
||
|
|
file. There are five key types. One is the black key. The other four
|
||
|
|
white keys are determined by the proximity of the black keys. The plain
|
||
|
|
white key has no black key adjacent to it. A white-left and white-right
|
||
|
|
key has a black key to the left or right of it respectively. A white-center
|
||
|
|
key has a black key on both sides. A key may have up to six related
|
||
|
|
images depending on the state of adjacent keys to its right.
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
"""
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
my_dir = os.path.split(os.path.abspath(__file__))[0]
|
||
|
|
strip_file = os.path.join(my_dir, 'data', 'midikeys.png')
|
||
|
|
white_key_width = 42
|
||
|
|
white_key_height = 160
|
||
|
|
black_key_width = 22
|
||
|
|
black_key_height = 94
|
||
|
|
strip = pygame.image.load(strip_file)
|
||
|
|
names = [
|
||
|
|
'black none', 'black self',
|
||
|
|
'white none', 'white self', 'white self-white',
|
||
|
|
'white-left none', 'white-left self', 'white-left black',
|
||
|
|
'white-left self-black', 'white-left self-white', 'white-left all',
|
||
|
|
'white-center none', 'white-center self',
|
||
|
|
'white-center black', 'white-center self-black',
|
||
|
|
'white-center self-white', 'white-center all',
|
||
|
|
'white-right none', 'white-right self', 'white-right self-white']
|
||
|
|
rects = {}
|
||
|
|
for i in range(2):
|
||
|
|
rects[names[i]] = Rect(i * white_key_width, 0,
|
||
|
|
black_key_width, black_key_height)
|
||
|
|
for i in range(2, len(names)):
|
||
|
|
rects[names[i]] = Rect(i * white_key_width, 0,
|
||
|
|
white_key_width, white_key_height)
|
||
|
|
return strip, rects
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
class Keyboard(object):
|
||
|
|
"""Musical keyboard widget
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
Constructor arguments:
|
||
|
|
start_note: midi note value of the starting note on the keyboard.
|
||
|
|
n_notes: number of notes (keys) on the keyboard.
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
A Keyboard instance draws the musical keyboard and maintains the state of
|
||
|
|
all the keyboard keys. Individual keys can be in a down (depressed) or
|
||
|
|
up (released) state.
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
"""
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
_image_strip, _rects = key_images()
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
white_key_width, white_key_height = _rects['white none'].size
|
||
|
|
black_key_width, black_key_height = _rects['black none'].size
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
_updates = set()
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
# There are five key classes, representing key shape:
|
||
|
|
# black key (BlackKey), plain white key (WhiteKey), white key to the left
|
||
|
|
# of a black key (WhiteKeyLeft), white key between two black keys
|
||
|
|
# (WhiteKeyCenter), and white key to the right of a black key
|
||
|
|
# (WhiteKeyRight).
|
||
|
|
BlackKey = key_class(_updates,
|
||
|
|
_image_strip,
|
||
|
|
[_rects['black none'], _rects['black self']],
|
||
|
|
False)
|
||
|
|
WhiteKey = key_class(_updates,
|
||
|
|
_image_strip,
|
||
|
|
[_rects['white none'],
|
||
|
|
_rects['white self'],
|
||
|
|
_rects['white self-white']])
|
||
|
|
WhiteKeyLeft = key_class(_updates,
|
||
|
|
_image_strip,
|
||
|
|
[_rects['white-left none'],
|
||
|
|
_rects['white-left self'],
|
||
|
|
_rects['white-left self-white'],
|
||
|
|
_rects['white-left black'],
|
||
|
|
_rects['white-left self-black'],
|
||
|
|
_rects['white-left all']])
|
||
|
|
WhiteKeyCenter = key_class(_updates,
|
||
|
|
_image_strip,
|
||
|
|
[_rects['white-center none'],
|
||
|
|
_rects['white-center self'],
|
||
|
|
_rects['white-center self-white'],
|
||
|
|
_rects['white-center black'],
|
||
|
|
_rects['white-center self-black'],
|
||
|
|
_rects['white-center all']])
|
||
|
|
WhiteKeyRight = key_class(_updates,
|
||
|
|
_image_strip,
|
||
|
|
[_rects['white-right none'],
|
||
|
|
_rects['white-right self'],
|
||
|
|
_rects['white-right self-white']])
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
def __init__(self, start_note, n_notes):
|
||
|
|
"""Return a new Keyboard instance with n_note keys"""
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
self._start_note = start_note
|
||
|
|
self._end_note = start_note + n_notes - 1
|
||
|
|
self._add_keys()
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
def _add_keys(self):
|
||
|
|
"""Populate the keyboard with key instances
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
Set the _keys and rect attributes.
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
"""
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
# Keys are entered in a list, where index is Midi note. Since there are
|
||
|
|
# only 128 possible Midi notes the list length is managable. Unassigned
|
||
|
|
# note positions should never be accessed, so are set None to ensure
|
||
|
|
# the bug is quickly detected.
|
||
|
|
#
|
||
|
|
key_map = [None] * 128
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
start_note = self._start_note
|
||
|
|
end_note = self._end_note
|
||
|
|
black_offset = self.black_key_width // 2
|
||
|
|
prev_white_key = None
|
||
|
|
x = y = 0
|
||
|
|
if is_white_key(start_note):
|
||
|
|
is_prev_white = True
|
||
|
|
else:
|
||
|
|
x += black_offset
|
||
|
|
is_prev_white = False
|
||
|
|
for note in range(start_note, end_note + 1):
|
||
|
|
ident = note # For now notes uniquely identify keyboard keys.
|
||
|
|
if is_white_key(note):
|
||
|
|
if is_prev_white:
|
||
|
|
if note == end_note or is_white_key(note + 1):
|
||
|
|
key = self.WhiteKey(ident, (x, y), prev_white_key)
|
||
|
|
else:
|
||
|
|
key = self.WhiteKeyLeft(ident, (x, y), prev_white_key)
|
||
|
|
else:
|
||
|
|
if note == end_note or is_white_key(note + 1):
|
||
|
|
key = self.WhiteKeyRight(ident, (x, y), prev_white_key)
|
||
|
|
else:
|
||
|
|
key = self.WhiteKeyCenter(ident,
|
||
|
|
(x, y),
|
||
|
|
prev_white_key)
|
||
|
|
is_prev_white = True
|
||
|
|
x += self.white_key_width
|
||
|
|
prev_white_key = key
|
||
|
|
else:
|
||
|
|
key = self.BlackKey(ident,
|
||
|
|
(x - black_offset, y),
|
||
|
|
prev_white_key)
|
||
|
|
is_prev_white = False
|
||
|
|
key_map[note] = key
|
||
|
|
self._keys = key_map
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
kb_width = key_map[self._end_note].rect.right
|
||
|
|
kb_height = self.white_key_height
|
||
|
|
self.rect = Rect(0, 0, kb_width, kb_height)
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
def map_regions(self, regions):
|
||
|
|
"""Draw the key regions onto surface regions.
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
Regions must have at least 3 byte pixels. Each pixel of the keyboard
|
||
|
|
rectangle is set to the color (note, velocity, 0). The regions surface
|
||
|
|
must be at least as large as (0, 0, self.rect.left, self.rect.bottom)
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
"""
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
# First draw the white key regions. Then add the overlapping
|
||
|
|
# black key regions.
|
||
|
|
#
|
||
|
|
cutoff = self.black_key_height
|
||
|
|
black_keys = []
|
||
|
|
for note in range(self._start_note, self._end_note + 1):
|
||
|
|
key = self._keys[note]
|
||
|
|
if key.is_white:
|
||
|
|
fill_region(regions, note, key.rect, cutoff)
|
||
|
|
else:
|
||
|
|
black_keys.append((note, key))
|
||
|
|
for note, key in black_keys:
|
||
|
|
fill_region(regions, note, key.rect, cutoff)
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
def draw(self, surf, background, dirty_rects):
|
||
|
|
"""Redraw all altered keyboard keys"""
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
changed_keys = self._updates
|
||
|
|
while changed_keys:
|
||
|
|
changed_keys.pop().draw(surf, background, dirty_rects)
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
def key_down(self, note):
|
||
|
|
"""Signal a key down event for note"""
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
self._keys[note].down()
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
def key_up(self, note):
|
||
|
|
"""Signal a key up event for note"""
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
self._keys[note].up()
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
def fill_region(regions, note, rect, cutoff):
|
||
|
|
"""Fill the region defined by rect with a (note, velocity, 0) color
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
The velocity varies from a small value at the top of the region to
|
||
|
|
127 at the bottom. The vertical region 0 to cutoff is split into
|
||
|
|
three parts, with velocities 42, 84 and 127. Everything below cutoff
|
||
|
|
has velocity 127.
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
"""
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
x, y, width, height = rect
|
||
|
|
if cutoff is None:
|
||
|
|
cutoff = height
|
||
|
|
delta_height = cutoff // 3
|
||
|
|
regions.fill((note, 42, 0),
|
||
|
|
(x, y, width, delta_height))
|
||
|
|
regions.fill((note, 84, 0),
|
||
|
|
(x, y + delta_height, width, delta_height))
|
||
|
|
regions.fill((note, 127, 0),
|
||
|
|
(x, y + 2 * delta_height, width, height - 2 * delta_height))
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
def is_white_key(note):
|
||
|
|
"""True if note is represented by a white key"""
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
key_pattern = [True, False, True, True, False, True,
|
||
|
|
False, True, True, False, True, False]
|
||
|
|
return key_pattern[(note - 21) % len(key_pattern)]
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
def usage():
|
||
|
|
print ("--input [device_id] : Midi message logger")
|
||
|
|
print ("--output [device_id] : Midi piano keyboard")
|
||
|
|
print ("--list : list available midi devices")
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
def main(mode='output', device_id=None):
|
||
|
|
"""Run a Midi example
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
Arguments:
|
||
|
|
mode - if 'output' run a midi keyboard output example
|
||
|
|
'input' run a midi event logger input example
|
||
|
|
'list' list available midi devices
|
||
|
|
(default 'output')
|
||
|
|
device_id - midi device number; if None then use the default midi input or
|
||
|
|
output device for the system
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
"""
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
if mode == 'input':
|
||
|
|
input_main(device_id)
|
||
|
|
elif mode == 'output':
|
||
|
|
output_main(device_id)
|
||
|
|
elif mode == 'list':
|
||
|
|
print_device_info()
|
||
|
|
else:
|
||
|
|
raise ValueError("Unknown mode option '%s'" % mode)
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
if __name__ == '__main__':
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
try:
|
||
|
|
device_id = int( sys.argv[-1] )
|
||
|
|
except:
|
||
|
|
device_id = None
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
if "--input" in sys.argv or "-i" in sys.argv:
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
input_main(device_id)
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
elif "--output" in sys.argv or "-o" in sys.argv:
|
||
|
|
output_main(device_id)
|
||
|
|
elif "--list" in sys.argv or "-l" in sys.argv:
|
||
|
|
print_device_info()
|
||
|
|
else:
|
||
|
|
usage()
|