# # The Python Imaging Library. # $Id$ # # PIL raster font management # # History: # 1996-08-07 fl created (experimental) # 1997-08-25 fl minor adjustments to handle fonts from pilfont 0.3 # 1999-02-06 fl rewrote most font management stuff in C # 1999-03-17 fl take pth files into account in load_path (from Richard Jones) # 2001-02-17 fl added freetype support # 2001-05-09 fl added TransposedFont wrapper class # 2002-03-04 fl make sure we have a "L" or "1" font # 2002-12-04 fl skip non-directory entries in the system path # 2003-04-29 fl add embedded default font # 2003-09-27 fl added support for truetype charmap encodings # # Todo: # Adapt to PILFONT2 format (16-bit fonts, compressed, single file) # # Copyright (c) 1997-2003 by Secret Labs AB # Copyright (c) 1996-2003 by Fredrik Lundh # # See the README file for information on usage and redistribution. # import base64 import os import sys from io import BytesIO from . import Image from ._util import isDirectory, isPath LAYOUT_BASIC = 0 LAYOUT_RAQM = 1 class _imagingft_not_installed: # module placeholder def __getattr__(self, id): raise ImportError("The _imagingft C module is not installed") try: from . import _imagingft as core except ImportError: core = _imagingft_not_installed() # FIXME: add support for pilfont2 format (see FontFile.py) # -------------------------------------------------------------------- # Font metrics format: # "PILfont" LF # fontdescriptor LF # (optional) key=value... LF # "DATA" LF # binary data: 256*10*2 bytes (dx, dy, dstbox, srcbox) # # To place a character, cut out srcbox and paste at dstbox, # relative to the character position. Then move the character # position according to dx, dy. # -------------------------------------------------------------------- class ImageFont: "PIL font wrapper" def _load_pilfont(self, filename): with open(filename, "rb") as fp: image = None for ext in (".png", ".gif", ".pbm"): if image: image.close() try: fullname = os.path.splitext(filename)[0] + ext image = Image.open(fullname) except Exception: pass else: if image and image.mode in ("1", "L"): break else: if image: image.close() raise OSError("cannot find glyph data file") self.file = fullname self._load_pilfont_data(fp, image) image.close() def _load_pilfont_data(self, file, image): # read PILfont header if file.readline() != b"PILfont\n": raise SyntaxError("Not a PILfont file") file.readline().split(b";") self.info = [] # FIXME: should be a dictionary while True: s = file.readline() if not s or s == b"DATA\n": break self.info.append(s) # read PILfont metrics data = file.read(256 * 20) # check image if image.mode not in ("1", "L"): raise TypeError("invalid font image mode") image.load() self.font = Image.core.font(image.im, data) def getsize(self, text, *args, **kwargs): """ Returns width and height (in pixels) of given text. :param text: Text to measure. :return: (width, height) """ return self.font.getsize(text) def getmask(self, text, mode="", *args, **kwargs): """ Create a bitmap for the text. If the font uses antialiasing, the bitmap should have mode ``L`` and use a maximum value of 255. Otherwise, it should have mode ``1``. :param text: Text to render. :param mode: Used by some graphics drivers to indicate what mode the driver prefers; if empty, the renderer may return either mode. Note that the mode is always a string, to simplify C-level implementations. .. versionadded:: 1.1.5 :return: An internal PIL storage memory instance as defined by the :py:mod:`PIL.Image.core` interface module. """ return self.font.getmask(text, mode) ## # Wrapper for FreeType fonts. Application code should use the # truetype factory function to create font objects. class FreeTypeFont: "FreeType font wrapper (requires _imagingft service)" def __init__(self, font=None, size=10, index=0, encoding="", layout_engine=None): # FIXME: use service provider instead self.path = font self.size = size self.index = index self.encoding = encoding if layout_engine not in (LAYOUT_BASIC, LAYOUT_RAQM): layout_engine = LAYOUT_BASIC if core.HAVE_RAQM: layout_engine = LAYOUT_RAQM elif layout_engine == LAYOUT_RAQM and not core.HAVE_RAQM: layout_engine = LAYOUT_BASIC self.layout_engine = layout_engine def load_from_bytes(f): self.font_bytes = f.read() self.font = core.getfont( "", size, index, encoding, self.font_bytes, layout_engine ) if isPath(font): if sys.platform == "win32": font_bytes_path = font if isinstance(font, bytes) else font.encode() try: font_bytes_path.decode("ascii") except UnicodeDecodeError: # FreeType cannot load fonts with non-ASCII characters on Windows # So load it into memory first with open(font, "rb") as f: load_from_bytes(f) return self.font = core.getfont( font, size, index, encoding, layout_engine=layout_engine ) else: load_from_bytes(font) def _multiline_split(self, text): split_character = "\n" if isinstance(text, str) else b"\n" return text.split(split_character) def getname(self): """ :return: A tuple of the font family (e.g. Helvetica) and the font style (e.g. Bold) """ return self.font.family, self.font.style def getmetrics(self): """ :return: A tuple of the font ascent (the distance from the baseline to the highest outline point) and descent (the distance from the baseline to the lowest outline point, a negative value) """ return self.font.ascent, self.font.descent def getsize( self, text, direction=None, features=None, language=None, stroke_width=0 ): """ Returns width and height (in pixels) of given text if rendered in font with provided direction, features, and language. :param text: Text to measure. :param direction: Direction of the text. It can be 'rtl' (right to left), 'ltr' (left to right) or 'ttb' (top to bottom). Requires libraqm. .. versionadded:: 4.2.0 :param features: A list of OpenType font features to be used during text layout. This is usually used to turn on optional font features that are not enabled by default, for example 'dlig' or 'ss01', but can be also used to turn off default font features for example '-liga' to disable ligatures or '-kern' to disable kerning. To get all supported features, see https://docs.microsoft.com/en-us/typography/opentype/spec/featurelist Requires libraqm. .. versionadded:: 4.2.0 :param language: Language of the text. Different languages may use different glyph shapes or ligatures. This parameter tells the font which language the text is in, and to apply the correct substitutions as appropriate, if available. It should be a `BCP 47 language code ` Requires libraqm. .. versionadded:: 6.0.0 :param stroke_width: The width of the text stroke. .. versionadded:: 6.2.0 :return: (width, height) """ size, offset = self.font.getsize(text, direction, features, language) return ( size[0] + stroke_width * 2 + offset[0], size[1] + stroke_width * 2 + offset[1], ) def getsize_multiline( self, text, direction=None, spacing=4, features=None, language=None, stroke_width=0, ): """ Returns width and height (in pixels) of given text if rendered in font with provided direction, features, and language, while respecting newline characters. :param text: Text to measure. :param direction: Direction of the text. It can be 'rtl' (right to left), 'ltr' (left to right) or 'ttb' (top to bottom). Requires libraqm. :param spacing: The vertical gap between lines, defaulting to 4 pixels. :param features: A list of OpenType font features to be used during text layout. This is usually used to turn on optional font features that are not enabled by default, for example 'dlig' or 'ss01', but can be also used to turn off default font features for example '-liga' to disable ligatures or '-kern' to disable kerning. To get all supported features, see https://docs.microsoft.com/en-us/typography/opentype/spec/featurelist Requires libraqm. :param language: Language of the text. Different languages may use different glyph shapes or ligatures. This parameter tells the font which language the text is in, and to apply the correct substitutions as appropriate, if available. It should be a `BCP 47 language code ` Requires libraqm. .. versionadded:: 6.0.0 :param stroke_width: The width of the text stroke. .. versionadded:: 6.2.0 :return: (width, height) """ max_width = 0 lines = self._multiline_split(text) line_spacing = self.getsize("A", stroke_width=stroke_width)[1] + spacing for line in lines: line_width, line_height = self.getsize( line, direction, features, language, stroke_width ) max_width = max(max_width, line_width) return max_width, len(lines) * line_spacing - spacing def getoffset(self, text): """ Returns the offset of given text. This is the gap between the starting coordinate and the first marking. Note that this gap is included in the result of :py:func:`~PIL.ImageFont.FreeTypeFont.getsize`. :param text: Text to measure. :return: A tuple of the x and y offset """ return self.font.getsize(text)[1] def getmask( self, text, mode="", direction=None, features=None, language=None, stroke_width=0, ): """ Create a bitmap for the text. If the font uses antialiasing, the bitmap should have mode ``L`` and use a maximum value of 255. Otherwise, it should have mode ``1``. :param text: Text to render. :param mode: Used by some graphics drivers to indicate what mode the driver prefers; if empty, the renderer may return either mode. Note that the mode is always a string, to simplify C-level implementations. .. versionadded:: 1.1.5 :param direction: Direction of the text. It can be 'rtl' (right to left), 'ltr' (left to right) or 'ttb' (top to bottom). Requires libraqm. .. versionadded:: 4.2.0 :param features: A list of OpenType font features to be used during text layout. This is usually used to turn on optional font features that are not enabled by default, for example 'dlig' or 'ss01', but can be also used to turn off default font features for example '-liga' to disable ligatures or '-kern' to disable kerning. To get all supported features, see https://docs.microsoft.com/en-us/typography/opentype/spec/featurelist Requires libraqm. .. versionadded:: 4.2.0 :param language: Language of the text. Different languages may use different glyph shapes or ligatures. This parameter tells the font which language the text is in, and to apply the correct substitutions as appropriate, if available. It should be a `BCP 47 language code ` Requires libraqm. .. versionadded:: 6.0.0 :param stroke_width: The width of the text stroke. .. versionadded:: 6.2.0 :return: An internal PIL storage memory instance as defined by the :py:mod:`PIL.Image.core` interface module. """ return self.getmask2( text, mode, direction=direction, features=features, language=language, stroke_width=stroke_width, )[0] def getmask2( self, text, mode="", fill=Image.core.fill, direction=None, features=None, language=None, stroke_width=0, *args, **kwargs ): """ Create a bitmap for the text. If the font uses antialiasing, the bitmap should have mode ``L`` and use a maximum value of 255. Otherwise, it should have mode ``1``. :param text: Text to render. :param mode: Used by some graphics drivers to indicate what mode the driver prefers; if empty, the renderer may return either mode. Note that the mode is always a string, to simplify C-level implementations. .. versionadded:: 1.1.5 :param direction: Direction of the text. It can be 'rtl' (right to left), 'ltr' (left to right) or 'ttb' (top to bottom). Requires libraqm. .. versionadded:: 4.2.0 :param features: A list of OpenType font features to be used during text layout. This is usually used to turn on optional font features that are not enabled by default, for example 'dlig' or 'ss01', but can be also used to turn off default font features for example '-liga' to disable ligatures or '-kern' to disable kerning. To get all supported features, see https://docs.microsoft.com/en-us/typography/opentype/spec/featurelist Requires libraqm. .. versionadded:: 4.2.0 :param language: Language of the text. Different languages may use different glyph shapes or ligatures. This parameter tells the font which language the text is in, and to apply the correct substitutions as appropriate, if available. It should be a `BCP 47 language code ` Requires libraqm. .. versionadded:: 6.0.0 :param stroke_width: The width of the text stroke. .. versionadded:: 6.2.0 :return: A tuple of an internal PIL storage memory instance as defined by the :py:mod:`PIL.Image.core` interface module, and the text offset, the gap between the starting coordinate and the first marking """ size, offset = self.font.getsize(text, direction, features, language) size = size[0] + stroke_width * 2, size[1] + stroke_width * 2 im = fill("L", size, 0) self.font.render( text, im.id, mode == "1", direction, features, language, stroke_width ) return im, offset def font_variant( self, font=None, size=None, index=None, encoding=None, layout_engine=None ): """ Create a copy of this FreeTypeFont object, using any specified arguments to override the settings. Parameters are identical to the parameters used to initialize this object. :return: A FreeTypeFont object. """ return FreeTypeFont( font=self.path if font is None else font, size=self.size if size is None else size, index=self.index if index is None else index, encoding=self.encoding if encoding is None else encoding, layout_engine=layout_engine or self.layout_engine, ) def get_variation_names(self): """ :returns: A list of the named styles in a variation font. :exception IOError: If the font is not a variation font. """ try: names = self.font.getvarnames() except AttributeError: raise NotImplementedError("FreeType 2.9.1 or greater is required") return [name.replace(b"\x00", b"") for name in names] def set_variation_by_name(self, name): """ :param name: The name of the style. :exception IOError: If the font is not a variation font. """ names = self.get_variation_names() if not isinstance(name, bytes): name = name.encode() index = names.index(name) if index == getattr(self, "_last_variation_index", None): # When the same name is set twice in a row, # there is an 'unknown freetype error' # https://savannah.nongnu.org/bugs/?56186 return self._last_variation_index = index self.font.setvarname(index) def get_variation_axes(self): """ :returns: A list of the axes in a variation font. :exception IOError: If the font is not a variation font. """ try: axes = self.font.getvaraxes() except AttributeError: raise NotImplementedError("FreeType 2.9.1 or greater is required") for axis in axes: axis["name"] = axis["name"].replace(b"\x00", b"") return axes def set_variation_by_axes(self, axes): """ :param axes: A list of values for each axis. :exception IOError: If the font is not a variation font. """ try: self.font.setvaraxes(axes) except AttributeError: raise NotImplementedError("FreeType 2.9.1 or greater is required") class TransposedFont: "Wrapper for writing rotated or mirrored text" def __init__(self, font, orientation=None): """ Wrapper that creates a transposed font from any existing font object. :param font: A font object. :param orientation: An optional orientation. If given, this should be one of Image.FLIP_LEFT_RIGHT, Image.FLIP_TOP_BOTTOM, Image.ROTATE_90, Image.ROTATE_180, or Image.ROTATE_270. """ self.font = font self.orientation = orientation # any 'transpose' argument, or None def getsize(self, text, *args, **kwargs): w, h = self.font.getsize(text) if self.orientation in (Image.ROTATE_90, Image.ROTATE_270): return h, w return w, h def getmask(self, text, mode="", *args, **kwargs): im = self.font.getmask(text, mode, *args, **kwargs) if self.orientation is not None: return im.transpose(self.orientation) return im def load(filename): """ Load a font file. This function loads a font object from the given bitmap font file, and returns the corresponding font object. :param filename: Name of font file. :return: A font object. :exception IOError: If the file could not be read. """ f = ImageFont() f._load_pilfont(filename) return f def truetype(font=None, size=10, index=0, encoding="", layout_engine=None): """ Load a TrueType or OpenType font from a file or file-like object, and create a font object. This function loads a font object from the given file or file-like object, and creates a font object for a font of the given size. Pillow uses FreeType to open font files. If you are opening many fonts simultaneously on Windows, be aware that Windows limits the number of files that can be open in C at once to 512. If you approach that limit, an ``OSError`` may be thrown, reporting that FreeType "cannot open resource". This function requires the _imagingft service. :param font: A filename or file-like object containing a TrueType font. If the file is not found in this filename, the loader may also search in other directories, such as the :file:`fonts/` directory on Windows or :file:`/Library/Fonts/`, :file:`/System/Library/Fonts/` and :file:`~/Library/Fonts/` on macOS. :param size: The requested size, in points. :param index: Which font face to load (default is first available face). :param encoding: Which font encoding to use (default is Unicode). Possible encodings include (see the FreeType documentation for more information): * "unic" (Unicode) * "symb" (Microsoft Symbol) * "ADOB" (Adobe Standard) * "ADBE" (Adobe Expert) * "ADBC" (Adobe Custom) * "armn" (Apple Roman) * "sjis" (Shift JIS) * "gb " (PRC) * "big5" * "wans" (Extended Wansung) * "joha" (Johab) * "lat1" (Latin-1) This specifies the character set to use. It does not alter the encoding of any text provided in subsequent operations. :param layout_engine: Which layout engine to use, if available: `ImageFont.LAYOUT_BASIC` or `ImageFont.LAYOUT_RAQM`. :return: A font object. :exception IOError: If the file could not be read. """ def freetype(font): return FreeTypeFont(font, size, index, encoding, layout_engine) try: return freetype(font) except OSError: if not isPath(font): raise ttf_filename = os.path.basename(font) dirs = [] if sys.platform == "win32": # check the windows font repository # NOTE: must use uppercase WINDIR, to work around bugs in # 1.5.2's os.environ.get() windir = os.environ.get("WINDIR") if windir: dirs.append(os.path.join(windir, "fonts")) elif sys.platform in ("linux", "linux2"): lindirs = os.environ.get("XDG_DATA_DIRS", "") if not lindirs: # According to the freedesktop spec, XDG_DATA_DIRS should # default to /usr/share lindirs = "/usr/share" dirs += [os.path.join(lindir, "fonts") for lindir in lindirs.split(":")] elif sys.platform == "darwin": dirs += [ "/Library/Fonts", "/System/Library/Fonts", os.path.expanduser("~/Library/Fonts"), ] ext = os.path.splitext(ttf_filename)[1] first_font_with_a_different_extension = None for directory in dirs: for walkroot, walkdir, walkfilenames in os.walk(directory): for walkfilename in walkfilenames: if ext and walkfilename == ttf_filename: return freetype(os.path.join(walkroot, walkfilename)) elif not ext and os.path.splitext(walkfilename)[0] == ttf_filename: fontpath = os.path.join(walkroot, walkfilename) if os.path.splitext(fontpath)[1] == ".ttf": return freetype(fontpath) if not ext and first_font_with_a_different_extension is None: first_font_with_a_different_extension = fontpath if first_font_with_a_different_extension: return freetype(first_font_with_a_different_extension) raise def load_path(filename): """ Load font file. Same as :py:func:`~PIL.ImageFont.load`, but searches for a bitmap font along the Python path. :param filename: Name of font file. :return: A font object. :exception IOError: If the file could not be read. """ for directory in sys.path: if isDirectory(directory): if not isinstance(filename, str): filename = filename.decode("utf-8") try: return load(os.path.join(directory, filename)) except OSError: pass raise OSError("cannot find font file") def load_default(): """Load a "better than nothing" default font. .. versionadded:: 1.1.4 :return: A font object. 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