574 lines
20 KiB
Python
574 lines
20 KiB
Python
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r"""
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:mod:`~matplotlib.gridspec` contains classes that help to layout multiple
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`~axes.Axes` in a grid-like pattern within a figure.
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The `GridSpec` specifies the overall grid structure. Individual cells within
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the grid are referenced by `SubplotSpec`\s.
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See the tutorial :ref:`sphx_glr_tutorials_intermediate_gridspec.py` for a
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comprehensive usage guide.
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"""
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import copy
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import logging
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import numpy as np
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import matplotlib as mpl
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from matplotlib import _pylab_helpers, cbook, tight_layout, rcParams
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from matplotlib.transforms import Bbox
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import matplotlib._layoutbox as layoutbox
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_log = logging.getLogger(__name__)
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class GridSpecBase(object):
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"""
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A base class of GridSpec that specifies the geometry of the grid
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that a subplot will be placed.
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"""
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def __init__(self, nrows, ncols, height_ratios=None, width_ratios=None):
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"""
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The number of rows and number of columns of the grid need to
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be set. Optionally, the ratio of heights and widths of rows and
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columns can be specified.
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"""
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self._nrows, self._ncols = nrows, ncols
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self.set_height_ratios(height_ratios)
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self.set_width_ratios(width_ratios)
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def __repr__(self):
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height_arg = (', height_ratios=%r' % self._row_height_ratios
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if self._row_height_ratios is not None else '')
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width_arg = (', width_ratios=%r' % self._col_width_ratios
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if self._col_width_ratios is not None else '')
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return '{clsname}({nrows}, {ncols}{optionals})'.format(
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clsname=self.__class__.__name__,
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nrows=self._nrows,
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ncols=self._ncols,
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optionals=height_arg + width_arg,
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)
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def get_geometry(self):
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"""
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Return a tuple containing the number of rows and columns in the grid.
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"""
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return self._nrows, self._ncols
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def get_subplot_params(self, figure=None, fig=None):
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pass
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def new_subplotspec(self, loc, rowspan=1, colspan=1):
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"""Create and return a `.SubplotSpec` instance."""
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loc1, loc2 = loc
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subplotspec = self[loc1:loc1+rowspan, loc2:loc2+colspan]
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return subplotspec
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def set_width_ratios(self, width_ratios):
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if width_ratios is not None and len(width_ratios) != self._ncols:
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raise ValueError('Expected the given number of width ratios to '
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'match the number of columns of the grid')
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self._col_width_ratios = width_ratios
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def get_width_ratios(self):
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return self._col_width_ratios
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def set_height_ratios(self, height_ratios):
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if height_ratios is not None and len(height_ratios) != self._nrows:
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raise ValueError('Expected the given number of height ratios to '
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'match the number of rows of the grid')
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self._row_height_ratios = height_ratios
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def get_height_ratios(self):
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return self._row_height_ratios
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def get_grid_positions(self, fig, raw=False):
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"""
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Return lists of bottom and top position of rows, left and
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right positions of columns.
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If raw=True, then these are all in units relative to the container
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with no margins. (used for constrained_layout).
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"""
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nrows, ncols = self.get_geometry()
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if raw:
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left = 0.
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right = 1.
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bottom = 0.
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top = 1.
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wspace = 0.
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hspace = 0.
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else:
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subplot_params = self.get_subplot_params(fig)
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left = subplot_params.left
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right = subplot_params.right
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bottom = subplot_params.bottom
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top = subplot_params.top
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wspace = subplot_params.wspace
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hspace = subplot_params.hspace
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tot_width = right - left
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tot_height = top - bottom
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# calculate accumulated heights of columns
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cell_h = tot_height / (nrows + hspace*(nrows-1))
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sep_h = hspace * cell_h
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if self._row_height_ratios is not None:
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norm = cell_h * nrows / sum(self._row_height_ratios)
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cell_heights = [r * norm for r in self._row_height_ratios]
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else:
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cell_heights = [cell_h] * nrows
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sep_heights = [0] + ([sep_h] * (nrows-1))
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cell_hs = np.cumsum(np.column_stack([sep_heights, cell_heights]).flat)
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# calculate accumulated widths of rows
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cell_w = tot_width / (ncols + wspace*(ncols-1))
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sep_w = wspace * cell_w
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if self._col_width_ratios is not None:
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norm = cell_w * ncols / sum(self._col_width_ratios)
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cell_widths = [r * norm for r in self._col_width_ratios]
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else:
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cell_widths = [cell_w] * ncols
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sep_widths = [0] + ([sep_w] * (ncols-1))
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cell_ws = np.cumsum(np.column_stack([sep_widths, cell_widths]).flat)
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fig_tops, fig_bottoms = (top - cell_hs).reshape((-1, 2)).T
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fig_lefts, fig_rights = (left + cell_ws).reshape((-1, 2)).T
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return fig_bottoms, fig_tops, fig_lefts, fig_rights
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def __getitem__(self, key):
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"""Create and return a `.SubplotSpec` instance."""
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nrows, ncols = self.get_geometry()
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def _normalize(key, size, axis): # Includes last index.
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orig_key = key
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if isinstance(key, slice):
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start, stop, _ = key.indices(size)
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if stop > start:
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return start, stop - 1
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raise IndexError("GridSpec slice would result in no space "
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"allocated for subplot")
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else:
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if key < 0:
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key = key + size
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if 0 <= key < size:
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return key, key
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elif axis is not None:
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raise IndexError(f"index {orig_key} is out of bounds for "
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f"axis {axis} with size {size}")
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else: # flat index
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raise IndexError(f"index {orig_key} is out of bounds for "
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f"GridSpec with size {size}")
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if isinstance(key, tuple):
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try:
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k1, k2 = key
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except ValueError:
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raise ValueError("unrecognized subplot spec")
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num1, num2 = np.ravel_multi_index(
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[_normalize(k1, nrows, 0), _normalize(k2, ncols, 1)],
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(nrows, ncols))
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else: # Single key
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num1, num2 = _normalize(key, nrows * ncols, None)
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return SubplotSpec(self, num1, num2)
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class GridSpec(GridSpecBase):
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"""
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Specifies the geometry of the grid that a subplot can be placed in.
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The location of grid is determined by similar way as the SubplotParams.
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"""
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def __init__(self, nrows, ncols, figure=None,
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left=None, bottom=None, right=None, top=None,
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wspace=None, hspace=None,
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width_ratios=None, height_ratios=None):
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"""
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The number of rows and number of columns of the grid need to be set.
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Optionally, the subplot layout parameters (e.g., left, right, etc.)
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can be tuned.
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Parameters
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----------
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nrows : int
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Number of rows in grid.
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ncols : int
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Number or columns in grid.
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figure : `~.figure.Figure`, optional
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left, right, top, bottom : float, optional
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Extent of the subplots as a fraction of figure width or height.
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Left cannot be larger than right, and bottom cannot be larger than
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top.
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wspace : float, optional
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The amount of width reserved for space between subplots,
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expressed as a fraction of the average axis width.
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hspace : float, optional
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The amount of height reserved for space between subplots,
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expressed as a fraction of the average axis height.
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width_ratios : length *ncols* iterable, optional
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Width ratios of the columns.
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height_ratios : length *nrows* iterable, optional
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Height ratios of the rows.
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Notes
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-----
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See `~.figure.SubplotParams` for descriptions of the layout parameters.
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"""
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self.left = left
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self.bottom = bottom
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self.right = right
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self.top = top
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self.wspace = wspace
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self.hspace = hspace
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self.figure = figure
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GridSpecBase.__init__(self, nrows, ncols,
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width_ratios=width_ratios,
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height_ratios=height_ratios)
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if self.figure is None or not self.figure.get_constrained_layout():
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self._layoutbox = None
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else:
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self.figure.init_layoutbox()
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self._layoutbox = layoutbox.LayoutBox(
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parent=self.figure._layoutbox,
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name='gridspec' + layoutbox.seq_id(),
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artist=self)
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# by default the layoutbox for a gridspec will fill a figure.
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# but this can change below if the gridspec is created from a
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# subplotspec. (GridSpecFromSubplotSpec)
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_AllowedKeys = ["left", "bottom", "right", "top", "wspace", "hspace"]
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def __getstate__(self):
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state = self.__dict__
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try:
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state.pop('_layoutbox')
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except KeyError:
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pass
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return state
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def __setstate__(self, state):
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self.__dict__ = state
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# layoutboxes don't survive pickling...
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self._layoutbox = None
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def update(self, **kwargs):
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"""
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Update the current values.
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Values set to None use the rcParams value.
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"""
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for k, v in kwargs.items():
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if k in self._AllowedKeys:
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setattr(self, k, v)
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else:
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raise AttributeError(f"{k} is an unknown keyword")
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for figmanager in _pylab_helpers.Gcf.figs.values():
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for ax in figmanager.canvas.figure.axes:
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# copied from Figure.subplots_adjust
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if not isinstance(ax, mpl.axes.SubplotBase):
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# Check if sharing a subplots axis
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if isinstance(ax._sharex, mpl.axes.SubplotBase):
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if ax._sharex.get_subplotspec().get_gridspec() == self:
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ax._sharex.update_params()
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ax._set_position(ax._sharex.figbox)
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elif isinstance(ax._sharey, mpl.axes.SubplotBase):
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if ax._sharey.get_subplotspec().get_gridspec() == self:
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ax._sharey.update_params()
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ax._set_position(ax._sharey.figbox)
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else:
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ss = ax.get_subplotspec().get_topmost_subplotspec()
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if ss.get_gridspec() == self:
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ax.update_params()
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ax._set_position(ax.figbox)
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def get_subplot_params(self, figure=None):
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"""
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Return a dictionary of subplot layout parameters. The default
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parameters are from rcParams unless a figure attribute is set.
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"""
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if figure is None:
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kw = {k: rcParams["figure.subplot."+k] for k in self._AllowedKeys}
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subplotpars = mpl.figure.SubplotParams(**kw)
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else:
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subplotpars = copy.copy(figure.subplotpars)
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subplotpars.update(**{k: getattr(self, k) for k in self._AllowedKeys})
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return subplotpars
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def locally_modified_subplot_params(self):
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return [k for k in self._AllowedKeys if getattr(self, k)]
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def tight_layout(self, figure, renderer=None,
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pad=1.08, h_pad=None, w_pad=None, rect=None):
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"""
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Adjust subplot parameters to give specified padding.
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Parameters
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----------
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pad : float
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Padding between the figure edge and the edges of subplots, as a
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fraction of the font-size.
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h_pad, w_pad : float, optional
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Padding (height/width) between edges of adjacent subplots.
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Defaults to *pad*.
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rect : tuple of 4 floats, optional
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(left, bottom, right, top) rectangle in normalized figure
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coordinates that the whole subplots area (including labels) will
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fit into. Default is (0, 0, 1, 1).
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"""
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subplotspec_list = tight_layout.get_subplotspec_list(
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figure.axes, grid_spec=self)
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if None in subplotspec_list:
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cbook._warn_external("This figure includes Axes that are not "
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"compatible with tight_layout, so results "
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"might be incorrect.")
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if renderer is None:
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renderer = tight_layout.get_renderer(figure)
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kwargs = tight_layout.get_tight_layout_figure(
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figure, figure.axes, subplotspec_list, renderer,
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pad=pad, h_pad=h_pad, w_pad=w_pad, rect=rect)
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if kwargs:
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self.update(**kwargs)
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class GridSpecFromSubplotSpec(GridSpecBase):
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"""
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GridSpec whose subplot layout parameters are inherited from the
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location specified by a given SubplotSpec.
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"""
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def __init__(self, nrows, ncols,
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subplot_spec,
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wspace=None, hspace=None,
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height_ratios=None, width_ratios=None):
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"""
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The number of rows and number of columns of the grid need to
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be set. An instance of SubplotSpec is also needed to be set
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from which the layout parameters will be inherited. The wspace
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and hspace of the layout can be optionally specified or the
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default values (from the figure or rcParams) will be used.
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"""
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self._wspace = wspace
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self._hspace = hspace
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self._subplot_spec = subplot_spec
|
||
|
|
GridSpecBase.__init__(self, nrows, ncols,
|
||
|
|
width_ratios=width_ratios,
|
||
|
|
height_ratios=height_ratios)
|
||
|
|
# do the layoutboxes
|
||
|
|
subspeclb = subplot_spec._layoutbox
|
||
|
|
if subspeclb is None:
|
||
|
|
self._layoutbox = None
|
||
|
|
else:
|
||
|
|
# OK, this is needed to divide the figure.
|
||
|
|
self._layoutbox = subspeclb.layout_from_subplotspec(
|
||
|
|
subplot_spec,
|
||
|
|
name=subspeclb.name + '.gridspec' + layoutbox.seq_id(),
|
||
|
|
artist=self)
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
def get_subplot_params(self, figure=None):
|
||
|
|
"""Return a dictionary of subplot layout parameters.
|
||
|
|
"""
|
||
|
|
hspace = (self._hspace if self._hspace is not None
|
||
|
|
else figure.subplotpars.hspace if figure is not None
|
||
|
|
else rcParams["figure.subplot.hspace"])
|
||
|
|
wspace = (self._wspace if self._wspace is not None
|
||
|
|
else figure.subplotpars.wspace if figure is not None
|
||
|
|
else rcParams["figure.subplot.wspace"])
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
figbox = self._subplot_spec.get_position(figure)
|
||
|
|
left, bottom, right, top = figbox.extents
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
return mpl.figure.SubplotParams(left=left, right=right,
|
||
|
|
bottom=bottom, top=top,
|
||
|
|
wspace=wspace, hspace=hspace)
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
def get_topmost_subplotspec(self):
|
||
|
|
"""
|
||
|
|
Return the topmost `.SubplotSpec` instance associated with the subplot.
|
||
|
|
"""
|
||
|
|
return self._subplot_spec.get_topmost_subplotspec()
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
class SubplotSpec:
|
||
|
|
"""
|
||
|
|
Specifies the location of a subplot in a `GridSpec`.
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
.. note::
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
Likely, you'll never instantiate a `SubplotSpec` yourself. Instead you
|
||
|
|
will typically obtain one from a `GridSpec` using item-access.
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
Parameters
|
||
|
|
----------
|
||
|
|
gridspec : `~matplotlib.gridspec.GridSpec`
|
||
|
|
The GridSpec, which the subplot is referencing.
|
||
|
|
num1, num2 : int
|
||
|
|
The subplot will occupy the num1-th cell of the given
|
||
|
|
gridspec. If num2 is provided, the subplot will span between
|
||
|
|
num1-th cell and num2-th cell.
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
The index starts from 0.
|
||
|
|
"""
|
||
|
|
def __init__(self, gridspec, num1, num2=None):
|
||
|
|
self._gridspec = gridspec
|
||
|
|
self.num1 = num1
|
||
|
|
self.num2 = num2
|
||
|
|
if gridspec._layoutbox is not None:
|
||
|
|
glb = gridspec._layoutbox
|
||
|
|
# So note that here we don't assign any layout yet,
|
||
|
|
# just make the layoutbox that will contain all items
|
||
|
|
# associated w/ this axis. This can include other axes like
|
||
|
|
# a colorbar or a legend.
|
||
|
|
self._layoutbox = layoutbox.LayoutBox(
|
||
|
|
parent=glb,
|
||
|
|
name=glb.name + '.ss' + layoutbox.seq_id(),
|
||
|
|
artist=self)
|
||
|
|
else:
|
||
|
|
self._layoutbox = None
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
def __getstate__(self):
|
||
|
|
state = self.__dict__
|
||
|
|
try:
|
||
|
|
state.pop('_layoutbox')
|
||
|
|
except KeyError:
|
||
|
|
pass
|
||
|
|
return state
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
def __setstate__(self, state):
|
||
|
|
self.__dict__ = state
|
||
|
|
# layoutboxes don't survive pickling...
|
||
|
|
self._layoutbox = None
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
def get_gridspec(self):
|
||
|
|
return self._gridspec
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
def get_geometry(self):
|
||
|
|
"""
|
||
|
|
Return the subplot geometry as tuple ``(n_rows, n_cols, start, stop)``.
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
The indices *start* and *stop* define the range of the subplot within
|
||
|
|
the `GridSpec`. *stop* is inclusive (i.e. for a single cell
|
||
|
|
``start == stop``).
|
||
|
|
"""
|
||
|
|
rows, cols = self.get_gridspec().get_geometry()
|
||
|
|
return rows, cols, self.num1, self.num2
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
def get_rows_columns(self):
|
||
|
|
"""
|
||
|
|
Return the subplot row and column numbers as a tuple
|
||
|
|
``(n_rows, n_cols, row_start, row_stop, col_start, col_stop)``.
|
||
|
|
"""
|
||
|
|
gridspec = self.get_gridspec()
|
||
|
|
nrows, ncols = gridspec.get_geometry()
|
||
|
|
row_start, col_start = divmod(self.num1, ncols)
|
||
|
|
if self.num2 is not None:
|
||
|
|
row_stop, col_stop = divmod(self.num2, ncols)
|
||
|
|
else:
|
||
|
|
row_stop = row_start
|
||
|
|
col_stop = col_start
|
||
|
|
return nrows, ncols, row_start, row_stop, col_start, col_stop
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
def get_position(self, figure, return_all=False):
|
||
|
|
"""
|
||
|
|
Update the subplot position from ``figure.subplotpars``.
|
||
|
|
"""
|
||
|
|
gridspec = self.get_gridspec()
|
||
|
|
nrows, ncols = gridspec.get_geometry()
|
||
|
|
rows, cols = np.unravel_index(
|
||
|
|
[self.num1] if self.num2 is None else [self.num1, self.num2],
|
||
|
|
(nrows, ncols))
|
||
|
|
fig_bottoms, fig_tops, fig_lefts, fig_rights = \
|
||
|
|
gridspec.get_grid_positions(figure)
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
fig_bottom = fig_bottoms[rows].min()
|
||
|
|
fig_top = fig_tops[rows].max()
|
||
|
|
fig_left = fig_lefts[cols].min()
|
||
|
|
fig_right = fig_rights[cols].max()
|
||
|
|
figbox = Bbox.from_extents(fig_left, fig_bottom, fig_right, fig_top)
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
if return_all:
|
||
|
|
return figbox, rows[0], cols[0], nrows, ncols
|
||
|
|
else:
|
||
|
|
return figbox
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
def get_topmost_subplotspec(self):
|
||
|
|
"""
|
||
|
|
Return the topmost `SubplotSpec` instance associated with the subplot.
|
||
|
|
"""
|
||
|
|
gridspec = self.get_gridspec()
|
||
|
|
if hasattr(gridspec, "get_topmost_subplotspec"):
|
||
|
|
return gridspec.get_topmost_subplotspec()
|
||
|
|
else:
|
||
|
|
return self
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
def __eq__(self, other):
|
||
|
|
"""
|
||
|
|
Two SubplotSpecs are considered equal if they refer to the same
|
||
|
|
position(s) in the same `GridSpec`.
|
||
|
|
"""
|
||
|
|
# other may not even have the attributes we are checking.
|
||
|
|
return ((self._gridspec, self.num1, self.num2)
|
||
|
|
== (getattr(other, "_gridspec", object()),
|
||
|
|
getattr(other, "num1", object()),
|
||
|
|
getattr(other, "num2", object())))
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
def __hash__(self):
|
||
|
|
return hash((self._gridspec, self.num1, self.num2))
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
def subgridspec(self, nrows, ncols, **kwargs):
|
||
|
|
"""
|
||
|
|
Create a GridSpec within this subplot.
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
The created `.GridSpecFromSubplotSpec` will have this `SubplotSpec` as
|
||
|
|
a parent.
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
Parameters
|
||
|
|
----------
|
||
|
|
nrows : int
|
||
|
|
Number of rows in grid.
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
ncols : int
|
||
|
|
Number or columns in grid.
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
Returns
|
||
|
|
-------
|
||
|
|
gridspec : `.GridSpecFromSubplotSpec`
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
Other Parameters
|
||
|
|
----------------
|
||
|
|
**kwargs
|
||
|
|
All other parameters are passed to `.GridSpecFromSubplotSpec`.
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
See Also
|
||
|
|
--------
|
||
|
|
matplotlib.pyplot.subplots
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
Examples
|
||
|
|
--------
|
||
|
|
Adding three subplots in the space occupied by a single subplot::
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
fig = plt.figure()
|
||
|
|
gs0 = fig.add_gridspec(3, 1)
|
||
|
|
ax1 = fig.add_subplot(gs0[0])
|
||
|
|
ax2 = fig.add_subplot(gs0[1])
|
||
|
|
gssub = gs0[2].subgridspec(1, 3)
|
||
|
|
for i in range(3):
|
||
|
|
fig.add_subplot(gssub[0, i])
|
||
|
|
"""
|
||
|
|
return GridSpecFromSubplotSpec(nrows, ncols, self, **kwargs)
|