\documentclass[a5paper,10pt]{article} \usepackage{pl} \usepackage[margin=1cm]{geometry} \usepackage{amsmath} \usepackage{amsfonts} \usepackage[utf8]{inputenc} \usepackage{polski} \title{Trygonometria i liczby zespolone \\ \large Algorytmy kwantowe} \date{2021-02-27} \author{Robert Bendun} \newcommand{\mi}{\mathrm{i}} \begin{document} \maketitle \section{Trygonometria} \section{Liczby zespolone} \subsection{Postać algebraiczna} \begin{description} \item $ \alpha \pm \beta = \left( a + b\mi \right) \pm \left( c + d\mi \right) = \left( a \pm c \right) + \left( b \pm d \right)\mi$ \item $ \alpha\beta = \left( a + b\mi \right) \left( c + d\mi \right) = \left( ac - bd \right) + \left( bc + ad \right)\mi$ \item $ \frac{\alpha}{\beta} = \frac{a + b\mi}{c + d\mi} = \frac{(ac + bd) + (bc - ad)\mi}{c^2 + d^2} $ \item[Norma] $ |\alpha| = |a + b\mi| = \sqrt{a^2 + b^2} $ \item[Sprzężenie] $ \overline{a + \mi b} = a - b\mi $ \item $ \alpha\overline{\alpha} = (a + b\mi)(a - b\mi) = a^2 + b^2 = |\alpha|^2 $ \end{description} \subsection{Postać trygonometryczna} $$ z = a + b\mi = |z|(\cos\rho + \mi\sin\rho) $$ \begin{description} \item $ xy = |x|(\cos \alpha + \mi\sin\alpha) \times |y|(\cos \beta + \mi\sin\beta) = |x||y|\left[\cos(\alpha + \beta) + \mi\sin(\alpha+\beta)\right]$ \item[Wzór de Moivre'a] $ z^n = |z|^n\left(\cos(n\rho) + \mi\sin(n\rho)\right) $ \item[Pierwiastki] $ \sqrt[n]{ z } = \left\{ \sqrt[n]{|z|} \left(\cos \frac{\rho + 2k\pi}{n} + \mi\sin \frac{\rho + 2k\pi}{n} \right) \mid k = 0, 1, 2, ..., n-1 \right\} $ \end{description} \end{document}