diff --git a/lstm.ipynb b/lstm.ipynb
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..7e2ce9b
--- /dev/null
+++ b/lstm.ipynb
@@ -0,0 +1,956 @@
+{
+ "cells": [
+  {
+   "cell_type": "code",
+   "execution_count": 1,
+   "id": "initial_id",
+   "metadata": {
+    "collapsed": true,
+    "ExecuteTime": {
+     "end_time": "2024-05-16T18:21:49.572131300Z",
+     "start_time": "2024-05-16T18:21:43.423852800Z"
+    }
+   },
+   "outputs": [],
+   "source": [
+    "import pandas as pd\n",
+    "import numpy as np\n",
+    "\n",
+    "import torch\n",
+    "import torch.nn as nn\n",
+    "import torch.optim as optim\n",
+    "\n",
+    "import warnings\n",
+    "warnings.filterwarnings('ignore')\n",
+    "\n",
+    "import torchtext\n",
+    "from torchtext.vocab import vocab\n",
+    "\n",
+    "from seqeval.metrics import accuracy_score, precision_score, recall_score, f1_score, classification_report\n",
+    "\n",
+    "from tqdm.notebook import tqdm\n",
+    "\n",
+    "from collections import Counter"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "code",
+   "execution_count": 7,
+   "outputs": [],
+   "source": [
+    "# Load the data\n",
+    "train_data = pd.read_csv('train/train.tsv', delimiter='\\t', header=None)\n",
+    "\n",
+    "valid_data_in = pd.read_csv('dev-0/in.tsv', delimiter='\\t', header=None)\n",
+    "valid_data_expected = pd.read_csv('dev-0/expected.tsv', delimiter='\\t', header=None)\n",
+    "valid_data = pd.concat([valid_data_expected, valid_data_in], axis=1)\n",
+    "\n",
+    "test_data = pd.read_csv('test-A/in.tsv', delimiter='\\t', header=None)\n",
+    "\n",
+    "# Label the columns\n",
+    "train_data.columns = ['ner_tags', 'text']\n",
+    "valid_data.columns = ['ner_tags', 'text']\n",
+    "test_data.columns = ['text']\n",
+    "\n",
+    "# Split the text into tokens\n",
+    "train_data['text_tokens'] = train_data['text'].apply(lambda x: x.split())\n",
+    "valid_data['text_tokens'] = valid_data['text'].apply(lambda x: x.split())\n",
+    "test_data['text_tokens'] = test_data['text'].apply(lambda x: x.split())\n",
+    "\n",
+    "# Split the NER tags into tokens\n",
+    "train_data['ner_tags_tokens'] = train_data['ner_tags'].apply(lambda x: x.split())\n",
+    "valid_data['ner_tags_tokens'] = valid_data['ner_tags'].apply(lambda x: x.split())"
+   ],
+   "metadata": {
+    "collapsed": false,
+    "ExecuteTime": {
+     "end_time": "2024-05-14T07:11:23.174336100Z",
+     "start_time": "2024-05-14T07:11:23.080690300Z"
+    }
+   },
+   "id": "9e5c5c1083e3f387"
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "code",
+   "execution_count": 8,
+   "outputs": [],
+   "source": [
+    "# Method for building the vocabulary from DataFrame dataset\n",
+    "# Special tokens:\n",
+    "# <unk> - unknown token\n",
+    "# <pad> - padding token\n",
+    "# <bos> - beginning of sentence token\n",
+    "# <eos> - end of sentence token\n",
+    "def build_vocab(dataset):\n",
+    "    # Initialize the counter\n",
+    "    counter = Counter()\n",
+    "    \n",
+    "    # Iterate over the dataset and update the counter\n",
+    "    for idx, document in dataset.iterrows():\n",
+    "        counter.update(document['text_tokens'])\n",
+    "        \n",
+    "    # Return the vocabulary\n",
+    "    return vocab(counter, specials=['<unk>', '<pad>', '<bos>', '<eos>'])"
+   ],
+   "metadata": {
+    "collapsed": false,
+    "ExecuteTime": {
+     "end_time": "2024-05-14T07:11:23.647897500Z",
+     "start_time": "2024-05-14T07:11:23.640148800Z"
+    }
+   },
+   "id": "56a8833a05334060"
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "code",
+   "execution_count": 9,
+   "outputs": [],
+   "source": [
+    "# Build the vocabulary\n",
+    "v = build_vocab(train_data)"
+   ],
+   "metadata": {
+    "collapsed": false,
+    "ExecuteTime": {
+     "end_time": "2024-05-14T07:11:24.169912Z",
+     "start_time": "2024-05-14T07:11:24.081356500Z"
+    }
+   },
+   "id": "eacfbc15230adc2e"
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "code",
+   "execution_count": 10,
+   "outputs": [],
+   "source": [
+    "# Mapping from index to token\n",
+    "itos = v.get_itos()"
+   ],
+   "metadata": {
+    "collapsed": false,
+    "ExecuteTime": {
+     "end_time": "2024-05-14T07:11:24.484522400Z",
+     "start_time": "2024-05-14T07:11:24.470356200Z"
+    }
+   },
+   "id": "c9c7ce32ebd5a3c2"
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "code",
+   "execution_count": 11,
+   "outputs": [],
+   "source": [
+    "# Set default index for unknown tokens\n",
+    "v.set_default_index(v[\"<unk>\"])"
+   ],
+   "metadata": {
+    "collapsed": false,
+    "ExecuteTime": {
+     "end_time": "2024-05-14T07:11:24.842556700Z",
+     "start_time": "2024-05-14T07:11:24.823442400Z"
+    }
+   },
+   "id": "ce8d899162dcc776"
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "code",
+   "execution_count": 12,
+   "outputs": [],
+   "source": [
+    "# Get the unique ner tags\n",
+    "ner_tags = set([tag for tags in train_data['ner_tags_tokens'] for tag in tags])"
+   ],
+   "metadata": {
+    "collapsed": false,
+    "ExecuteTime": {
+     "end_time": "2024-05-14T07:11:25.201567900Z",
+     "start_time": "2024-05-14T07:11:25.180831600Z"
+    }
+   },
+   "id": "2e9f2dc469b6025d"
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "code",
+   "execution_count": 13,
+   "outputs": [],
+   "source": [
+    "# Mapping from tag to index (https://huggingface.co/datasets/conll2003)\n",
+    "ner_tag2idx = {'O': 0, 'B-PER': 1, 'I-PER': 2, 'B-ORG': 3, 'I-ORG': 4, 'B-LOC': 5, 'I-LOC': 6, 'B-MISC': 7, 'I-MISC': 8}\n",
+    "\n",
+    "# reverse mapping\n",
+    "ner_idx2tag = {idx: tag for tag, idx in ner_tag2idx.items()}"
+   ],
+   "metadata": {
+    "collapsed": false,
+    "ExecuteTime": {
+     "end_time": "2024-05-14T07:11:26.534701200Z",
+     "start_time": "2024-05-14T07:11:26.526620300Z"
+    }
+   },
+   "id": "5271fd04bd9f16e3"
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "code",
+   "execution_count": 14,
+   "outputs": [
+    {
+     "data": {
+      "text/plain": "{'O': 0,\n 'B-PER': 1,\n 'I-PER': 2,\n 'B-ORG': 3,\n 'I-ORG': 4,\n 'B-LOC': 5,\n 'I-LOC': 6,\n 'B-MISC': 7,\n 'I-MISC': 8}"
+     },
+     "execution_count": 14,
+     "metadata": {},
+     "output_type": "execute_result"
+    }
+   ],
+   "source": [
+    "ner_tag2idx"
+   ],
+   "metadata": {
+    "collapsed": false,
+    "ExecuteTime": {
+     "end_time": "2024-05-14T07:11:27.854314700Z",
+     "start_time": "2024-05-14T07:11:27.844315700Z"
+    }
+   },
+   "id": "8bf1e9961daa4bd8"
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "code",
+   "execution_count": 15,
+   "outputs": [
+    {
+     "data": {
+      "text/plain": "{0: 'O',\n 1: 'B-PER',\n 2: 'I-PER',\n 3: 'B-ORG',\n 4: 'I-ORG',\n 5: 'B-LOC',\n 6: 'I-LOC',\n 7: 'B-MISC',\n 8: 'I-MISC'}"
+     },
+     "execution_count": 15,
+     "metadata": {},
+     "output_type": "execute_result"
+    }
+   ],
+   "source": [
+    "ner_idx2tag"
+   ],
+   "metadata": {
+    "collapsed": false,
+    "ExecuteTime": {
+     "end_time": "2024-05-14T07:11:28.332071700Z",
+     "start_time": "2024-05-14T07:11:28.286070800Z"
+    }
+   },
+   "id": "12571d646796d21b"
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "code",
+   "execution_count": 16,
+   "outputs": [],
+   "source": [
+    "# Method for vectorizing text data using the vocabulary mapping\n",
+    "def text_to_vec(data):\n",
+    "    return [torch.tensor([v['<bos>']] + [v[token] for token in document] + [v['<eos>']], dtype=torch.long) for document in data]"
+   ],
+   "metadata": {
+    "collapsed": false,
+    "ExecuteTime": {
+     "end_time": "2024-05-14T07:11:29.032865100Z",
+     "start_time": "2024-05-14T07:11:29.012730500Z"
+    }
+   },
+   "id": "da795a7fd000b135"
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "code",
+   "execution_count": 17,
+   "outputs": [],
+   "source": [
+    "# Method for vectorizing NER tags data using the NER tags mapping\n",
+    "def ner_tags_to_vec(data):\n",
+    "    return [torch.tensor([0] + [ner_tag2idx[tag] for tag in document] + [0], dtype=torch.long) for document in data]"
+   ],
+   "metadata": {
+    "collapsed": false,
+    "ExecuteTime": {
+     "end_time": "2024-05-14T07:11:29.824074700Z",
+     "start_time": "2024-05-14T07:11:29.812059800Z"
+    }
+   },
+   "id": "f9c2bb1f0bb0e480"
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "code",
+   "execution_count": 18,
+   "outputs": [],
+   "source": [
+    "# Vectorize the text data (input)\n",
+    "X_train = text_to_vec(train_data['text_tokens'])\n",
+    "X_dev = text_to_vec(valid_data['text_tokens'])\n",
+    "X_test = text_to_vec(test_data['text_tokens'])"
+   ],
+   "metadata": {
+    "collapsed": false,
+    "ExecuteTime": {
+     "end_time": "2024-05-14T07:11:30.896086700Z",
+     "start_time": "2024-05-14T07:11:30.610066Z"
+    }
+   },
+   "id": "2f851f63cedacf6c"
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "code",
+   "execution_count": 19,
+   "outputs": [],
+   "source": [
+    "# Vectorize the NER tags data (output, labels)\n",
+    "y_train = ner_tags_to_vec(train_data['ner_tags_tokens'])\n",
+    "y_dev = ner_tags_to_vec(valid_data['ner_tags_tokens'])"
+   ],
+   "metadata": {
+    "collapsed": false,
+    "ExecuteTime": {
+     "end_time": "2024-05-14T07:11:31.468671200Z",
+     "start_time": "2024-05-14T07:11:31.415476500Z"
+    }
+   },
+   "id": "30e8c488d3b9d11a"
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "code",
+   "execution_count": 20,
+   "outputs": [],
+   "source": [
+    "# Model definition\n",
+    "class LSTM(nn.Module):\n",
+    "    def __init__(self, vocab_size, embedding_dim, hidden_dim, output_dim):\n",
+    "        super(LSTM, self).__init__()\n",
+    "        \n",
+    "        # Embedding layer\n",
+    "        self.embedding = nn.Embedding(vocab_size, embedding_dim)\n",
+    "        \n",
+    "        # LSTM layer\n",
+    "        self.lstm = nn.LSTM(embedding_dim, hidden_dim, batch_first = True)\n",
+    "        \n",
+    "        # Fully connected layer\n",
+    "        self.fc = nn.Linear(hidden_dim, output_dim)\n",
+    "        \n",
+    "        self.relu = nn.ReLU()\n",
+    "        \n",
+    "    def forward(self, x):\n",
+    "        # Embedding\n",
+    "        embedding = self.relu(self.embedding(x))\n",
+    "        \n",
+    "        # LSTM\n",
+    "        output, (hidden, cell) = self.lstm(embedding)\n",
+    "        \n",
+    "        # Fully connected\n",
+    "        output = self.fc(output)\n",
+    "        \n",
+    "        return output\n",
+    "        "
+   ],
+   "metadata": {
+    "collapsed": false,
+    "ExecuteTime": {
+     "end_time": "2024-05-14T07:11:32.454622200Z",
+     "start_time": "2024-05-14T07:11:32.422201500Z"
+    }
+   },
+   "id": "6a86649248c384b5"
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "code",
+   "execution_count": 77,
+   "outputs": [],
+   "source": [
+    "# Segeval evaluation\n",
+    "def evaluate_model(model, X, y):\n",
+    "    \"\"\"\n",
+    "    Method for evaluating the model\n",
+    "    :param model: model\n",
+    "    :param X: input data\n",
+    "    :param y: output data \n",
+    "    :return: dictionary with metrics values\n",
+    "    \"\"\"\n",
+    "    # No gradients\n",
+    "    with torch.no_grad():\n",
+    "        # Predict the labels\n",
+    "        y_pred = [torch.argmax(model(x.unsqueeze(0)).squeeze(0), 1) for x in X]\n",
+    "    \n",
+    "    # Convert the labels to ner tags\n",
+    "    y_pred = [[ner_idx2tag[int(idx)] for idx in y] for y in y_pred]\n",
+    "    y_tags = [[ner_idx2tag[int(idx)] for idx in y] for y in y]\n",
+    "    \n",
+    "    # Calculate the metrics\n",
+    "    accuracy = accuracy_score(y_tags, y_pred)\n",
+    "    precision = precision_score(y_tags, y_pred)\n",
+    "    recall = recall_score(y_tags, y_pred)\n",
+    "    f1 = f1_score(y_tags, y_pred)\n",
+    "    \n",
+    "    return {'accuracy': accuracy, 'precision': precision, 'recall': recall, 'f1': f1}"
+   ],
+   "metadata": {
+    "collapsed": false,
+    "ExecuteTime": {
+     "end_time": "2024-05-14T08:26:31.612231Z",
+     "start_time": "2024-05-14T08:26:31.599603300Z"
+    }
+   },
+   "id": "b18d26ac9fbc590e"
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "code",
+   "execution_count": 23,
+   "outputs": [],
+   "source": [
+    "# Use GPU if available\n",
+    "device = torch.device('cuda' if torch.cuda.is_available() else 'cpu')"
+   ],
+   "metadata": {
+    "collapsed": false,
+    "ExecuteTime": {
+     "end_time": "2024-05-14T07:11:49.825835200Z",
+     "start_time": "2024-05-14T07:11:49.817343100Z"
+    }
+   },
+   "id": "badf288796646abe"
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "code",
+   "execution_count": 39,
+   "outputs": [],
+   "source": [
+    "# Model parameters\n",
+    "vocab_size = len(v)\n",
+    "embedding_dim = 64\n",
+    "hidden_dim = 256\n",
+    "output_dim = len(ner_tags)\n",
+    "epochs = 20"
+   ],
+   "metadata": {
+    "collapsed": false,
+    "ExecuteTime": {
+     "end_time": "2024-05-14T07:22:20.730379Z",
+     "start_time": "2024-05-14T07:22:20.724143500Z"
+    }
+   },
+   "id": "65beded501220882"
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "code",
+   "execution_count": 44,
+   "outputs": [],
+   "source": [
+    "# Seed for reproducibility\n",
+    "torch.manual_seed(1234)\n",
+    "\n",
+    "import random\n",
+    "random.seed(1234)\n",
+    "\n",
+    "np.random.seed(1234)"
+   ],
+   "metadata": {
+    "collapsed": false,
+    "ExecuteTime": {
+     "end_time": "2024-05-14T07:28:18.248713300Z",
+     "start_time": "2024-05-14T07:28:18.188830400Z"
+    }
+   },
+   "id": "63b68885d93d5fce"
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "code",
+   "execution_count": 40,
+   "outputs": [],
+   "source": [
+    "# Initialize the model\n",
+    "model = LSTM(vocab_size, embedding_dim, hidden_dim, output_dim)"
+   ],
+   "metadata": {
+    "collapsed": false,
+    "ExecuteTime": {
+     "end_time": "2024-05-14T07:22:21.068317100Z",
+     "start_time": "2024-05-14T07:22:21.044162900Z"
+    }
+   },
+   "id": "29116c705decf395"
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "code",
+   "execution_count": 41,
+   "outputs": [],
+   "source": [
+    "# Loss function and optimizer\n",
+    "criterion = nn.CrossEntropyLoss()\n",
+    "optimizer = optim.Adam(model.parameters())"
+   ],
+   "metadata": {
+    "collapsed": false,
+    "ExecuteTime": {
+     "end_time": "2024-05-14T07:22:21.705555900Z",
+     "start_time": "2024-05-14T07:22:21.675608300Z"
+    }
+   },
+   "id": "617bec2a8a8b56b3"
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "code",
+   "execution_count": 65,
+   "outputs": [],
+   "source": [
+    "# Move training to GPU\n",
+    "model = model.to(device)\n",
+    "X_train = [x.to(device) for x in X_train]\n",
+    "y_train = [y.to(device) for y in y_train]\n",
+    "X_dev = [x.to(device) for x in X_dev]\n",
+    "y_dev = [y.to(device) for y in y_dev]"
+   ],
+   "metadata": {
+    "collapsed": false,
+    "ExecuteTime": {
+     "end_time": "2024-05-14T07:44:19.353471700Z",
+     "start_time": "2024-05-14T07:44:19.317384100Z"
+    }
+   },
+   "id": "dfa0d6b3bdca6853"
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "code",
+   "execution_count": 67,
+   "outputs": [
+    {
+     "data": {
+      "text/plain": "  0%|          | 0/945 [00:00<?, ?it/s]",
+      "application/vnd.jupyter.widget-view+json": {
+       "version_major": 2,
+       "version_minor": 0,
+       "model_id": "415ba9a191bf4ff0993115b428e604ec"
+      }
+     },
+     "metadata": {},
+     "output_type": "display_data"
+    },
+    {
+     "name": "stdout",
+     "output_type": "stream",
+     "text": [
+      "Epoch: 1, Accuracy: 0.9545313667936774, Precision: 0.7780607604147717, Recall: 0.7213695395513577, F1: 0.7486434447750743\n"
+     ]
+    }
+   ],
+   "source": [
+    "# Training loop\n",
+    "model.train()\n",
+    "\n",
+    "for epoch in range(epochs):\n",
+    "    \n",
+    "    for idx in tqdm(range(len(X_train))):\n",
+    "        # Zero the gradients\n",
+    "        optimizer.zero_grad()\n",
+    "        \n",
+    "        # Forward pass\n",
+    "        output = model(X_train[idx].unsqueeze(0))\n",
+    "\n",
+    "        # Calculate the loss\n",
+    "        loss = criterion(output.squeeze(0), y_train[idx])\n",
+    "        \n",
+    "        # Backward pass\n",
+    "        loss.backward()\n",
+    "        \n",
+    "        # Update the weights\n",
+    "        optimizer.step()\n",
+    "        \n",
+    "    # Evaluate the model on the dev set\n",
+    "    metrics = evaluate_model(model, X_dev, y_dev)\n",
+    "    \n",
+    "    print(f'Epoch: {epoch+1}, Accuracy: {metrics[\"accuracy\"]}, Precision: {metrics[\"precision\"]}, Recall: {metrics[\"recall\"]}, F1: {metrics[\"f1\"]}')"
+   ],
+   "metadata": {
+    "collapsed": false,
+    "ExecuteTime": {
+     "end_time": "2024-05-14T07:45:10.782583200Z",
+     "start_time": "2024-05-14T07:44:53.579284100Z"
+    }
+   },
+   "id": "7a77d0ac6fce81fd"
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "code",
+   "execution_count": 78,
+   "outputs": [
+    {
+     "data": {
+      "text/plain": "{'accuracy': 0.9545313667936774,\n 'precision': 0.7780607604147717,\n 'recall': 0.7213695395513577,\n 'f1': 0.7486434447750743}"
+     },
+     "execution_count": 78,
+     "metadata": {},
+     "output_type": "execute_result"
+    }
+   ],
+   "source": [
+    "evaluate_model(model, X_dev, y_dev)"
+   ],
+   "metadata": {
+    "collapsed": false,
+    "ExecuteTime": {
+     "end_time": "2024-05-14T08:26:38.050024900Z",
+     "start_time": "2024-05-14T08:26:36.980050200Z"
+    }
+   },
+   "id": "956b180f74abd5d4"
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "code",
+   "execution_count": 69,
+   "outputs": [],
+   "source": [
+    "# Move to CPU\n",
+    "model = model.to('cpu')\n",
+    "X_dev = [x.to('cpu') for x in X_dev]\n",
+    "y_dev = [y.to('cpu') for y in y_dev]"
+   ],
+   "metadata": {
+    "collapsed": false,
+    "ExecuteTime": {
+     "end_time": "2024-05-14T07:45:46.733747700Z",
+     "start_time": "2024-05-14T07:45:46.673385500Z"
+    }
+   },
+   "id": "b019c1d995100ef5"
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "code",
+   "execution_count": 70,
+   "outputs": [],
+   "source": [
+    "# Predict the labels for the validation and test sets\n",
+    "with torch.no_grad():\n",
+    "    y_dev_pred = [torch.argmax(model(x.unsqueeze(0)).squeeze(0), 1) for x in X_dev]\n",
+    "    y_test_pred = [torch.argmax(model(x.unsqueeze(0)).squeeze(0), 1) for x in X_test]\n",
+    "\n",
+    "# Convert the labels to ner tags\n",
+    "y_dev_pred = [[ner_idx2tag[int(idx)] for idx in y] for y in y_dev_pred]\n",
+    "y_test_pred = [[ner_idx2tag[int(idx)] for idx in y] for y in y_test_pred]"
+   ],
+   "metadata": {
+    "collapsed": false,
+    "ExecuteTime": {
+     "end_time": "2024-05-14T07:45:49.354440Z",
+     "start_time": "2024-05-14T07:45:47.244447100Z"
+    }
+   },
+   "id": "523f8444e9a73a05"
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "code",
+   "execution_count": 71,
+   "outputs": [],
+   "source": [
+    "# Concatenate predicted labels (skip the special tokens <bos> and <eos>)\n",
+    "y_dev_pred_con = [' '.join(y[1:-1]) for y in y_dev_pred]\n",
+    "y_test_pred_con = [' '.join(y[1:-1]) for y in y_test_pred]"
+   ],
+   "metadata": {
+    "collapsed": false,
+    "ExecuteTime": {
+     "end_time": "2024-05-14T07:45:49.368345900Z",
+     "start_time": "2024-05-14T07:45:49.355900900Z"
+    }
+   },
+   "id": "1a9dc8188e83e5e9"
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "code",
+   "execution_count": 72,
+   "outputs": [],
+   "source": [
+    "# Save the predictions (without postprocessing)\n",
+    "pd.DataFrame(y_dev_pred_con).to_csv('dev-0/out-model.tsv', header=False, index=False, sep='\\t')\n",
+    "pd.DataFrame(y_test_pred_con).to_csv('test-A/out-model.tsv', header=False, index=False, sep='\\t')"
+   ],
+   "metadata": {
+    "collapsed": false,
+    "ExecuteTime": {
+     "end_time": "2024-05-14T07:45:49.397283400Z",
+     "start_time": "2024-05-14T07:45:49.370434300Z"
+    }
+   },
+   "id": "66daac87feaa2f66"
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "code",
+   "execution_count": 42,
+   "outputs": [],
+   "source": [
+    "# Postprocessing\n",
+    "# Regex for finding I-tags that start a sequence (should be B-tags)\n",
+    "def incorrect_I_as_begin_tag(text):\n",
+    "    return re.finditer(r'(?<![BI]-\\w+ )I-\\w+', text)\n",
+    "\n",
+    "# Helper method for replacing I-tags that start a sequence with B-tags\n",
+    "def replace_incorrect_I_as_begin_tag(df):\n",
+    "    # Iterate until no more changes\n",
+    "    i = 0\n",
+    "    \n",
+    "    while True:\n",
+    "        outer_counter_old = 0\n",
+    "        outer_counter = 0\n",
+    "        \n",
+    "        print(f\"Iteration: {i+1}\")\n",
+    "        \n",
+    "        for idx, row in df.iterrows():\n",
+    "            x = incorrect_I_as_begin_tag(row['ner_tags'])\n",
+    "            \n",
+    "            inner_counter = 0\n",
+    "            \n",
+    "            for match in x:\n",
+    "                inner_counter += 1\n",
+    "                hp = list(row['ner_tags'])\n",
+    "                hp[match.start()] = 'B'\n",
+    "                row['ner_tags'] = \"\".join(hp)\n",
+    "             \n",
+    "            outer_counter += inner_counter\n",
+    "            \n",
+    "        print(f\"Changes: {outer_counter - outer_counter_old}\")\n",
+    "        \n",
+    "        i += 1\n",
+    "            \n",
+    "        if outer_counter_old == outer_counter:\n",
+    "            break\n",
+    "        else:\n",
+    "            outer_counter_old = outer_counter\n",
+    "            \n",
+    "    return df\n",
+    "\n",
+    "# Regex for finding inconsistent I-tags after B-tags (I-tags that are not continuation of B-tags)\n",
+    "def inconsistent_I_after_B(text):\n",
+    "    return re.finditer(r'(?<=B-(\\w+) )(?:I-(?!\\1)\\w+)', text)\n",
+    "\n",
+    "# Helper method for removing inconsistent I-tags after B-tags\n",
+    "def replace_inconsistent_I_after_B(df):\n",
+    "    # Iterate until no more changes\n",
+    "    i = 0\n",
+    "    \n",
+    "    while True:\n",
+    "        outer_counter_old = 0\n",
+    "        outer_counter = 0\n",
+    "        \n",
+    "        print(f\"Iteration: {i+1}\")\n",
+    "        \n",
+    "        for idx, row in df.iterrows():\n",
+    "            matches = inconsistent_I_after_B(row['ner_tags'])\n",
+    "            \n",
+    "            inner_counter = 0\n",
+    "            \n",
+    "            for match in matches:\n",
+    "                inner_counter += 1\n",
+    "                hp = list(row['ner_tags'])\n",
+    "                hp[match.start()] = 'B'\n",
+    "                row['ner_tags'] = \"\".join(hp)\n",
+    "             \n",
+    "            outer_counter += inner_counter\n",
+    "            \n",
+    "        print(f\"Changes: {outer_counter - outer_counter_old}\")\n",
+    "        \n",
+    "        i += 1\n",
+    "            \n",
+    "        if outer_counter_old == outer_counter:\n",
+    "            break\n",
+    "        else:\n",
+    "            outer_counter_old = outer_counter\n",
+    "            \n",
+    "    return df\n",
+    "\n",
+    "# Regex for finding inconsistent I-tags after other I-tags (I-tags that are not continuation of the same tag)\n",
+    "def inconsistent_I_after_I(text):\n",
+    "    return re.finditer(r'(?<=I-(\\w+) )(?:I-(?!\\1)\\w+)', text)\n",
+    "\n",
+    "# Helper method for removing inconsistent I-tags after other I-tags\n",
+    "def replace_inconsistent_I_after_I(df):\n",
+    "    # Iterate until no more changes\n",
+    "    i = 0\n",
+    "    \n",
+    "    while True:\n",
+    "        outer_counter_old = 0\n",
+    "        outer_counter = 0\n",
+    "        \n",
+    "        print(f\"Iteration: {i+1}\")\n",
+    "        \n",
+    "        for idx, row in df.iterrows():\n",
+    "            matches = inconsistent_I_after_I(row['ner_tags'])\n",
+    "            \n",
+    "            inner_counter = 0\n",
+    "            \n",
+    "            for match in matches:\n",
+    "                inner_counter += 1\n",
+    "                hp = list(row['ner_tags'])\n",
+    "                hp[match.start()] = 'B'\n",
+    "                row['ner_tags'] = \"\".join(hp)\n",
+    "             \n",
+    "            outer_counter += inner_counter\n",
+    "            \n",
+    "        print(f\"Changes: {outer_counter - outer_counter_old}\")\n",
+    "        \n",
+    "        i += 1\n",
+    "            \n",
+    "        if outer_counter_old == outer_counter:\n",
+    "            break\n",
+    "        else:\n",
+    "            outer_counter_old = outer_counter\n",
+    "            \n",
+    "    return df"
+   ],
+   "metadata": {
+    "collapsed": false,
+    "ExecuteTime": {
+     "end_time": "2024-05-16T19:18:22.287969600Z",
+     "start_time": "2024-05-16T19:18:22.272058200Z"
+    }
+   },
+   "id": "e3f5c71b5b231d5e"
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "code",
+   "execution_count": 43,
+   "outputs": [],
+   "source": [
+    "# Load the predictions\n",
+    "out_dev = pd.read_csv('dev-0/out-model.tsv', delimiter='\\t', header=None)\n",
+    "out_dev.columns = ['ner_tags']\n",
+    "\n",
+    "out_test = pd.read_csv('test-A/out-model.tsv', delimiter='\\t', header=None)\n",
+    "out_test.columns = ['ner_tags']"
+   ],
+   "metadata": {
+    "collapsed": false,
+    "ExecuteTime": {
+     "end_time": "2024-05-16T19:18:25.353082700Z",
+     "start_time": "2024-05-16T19:18:25.341655500Z"
+    }
+   },
+   "id": "cef273b10f1fc169"
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "code",
+   "execution_count": 44,
+   "outputs": [
+    {
+     "name": "stdout",
+     "output_type": "stream",
+     "text": [
+      "Iteration: 1\n",
+      "Changes: 100\n",
+      "Iteration: 2\n",
+      "Changes: 0\n",
+      "Iteration: 1\n",
+      "Changes: 113\n",
+      "Iteration: 2\n",
+      "Changes: 4\n",
+      "Iteration: 3\n",
+      "Changes: 0\n",
+      "Iteration: 1\n",
+      "Changes: 18\n",
+      "Iteration: 2\n",
+      "Changes: 0\n",
+      "Iteration: 1\n",
+      "Changes: 105\n",
+      "Iteration: 2\n",
+      "Changes: 0\n",
+      "Iteration: 1\n",
+      "Changes: 111\n",
+      "Iteration: 2\n",
+      "Changes: 5\n",
+      "Iteration: 3\n",
+      "Changes: 0\n",
+      "Iteration: 1\n",
+      "Changes: 22\n",
+      "Iteration: 2\n",
+      "Changes: 0\n"
+     ]
+    }
+   ],
+   "source": [
+    "# Postprocessing\n",
+    "out_dev = replace_incorrect_I_as_begin_tag(out_dev)\n",
+    "out_dev = replace_inconsistent_I_after_B(out_dev)\n",
+    "out_dev = replace_inconsistent_I_after_I(out_dev)\n",
+    "\n",
+    "out_test = replace_incorrect_I_as_begin_tag(out_test)\n",
+    "out_test = replace_inconsistent_I_after_B(out_test)\n",
+    "out_test = replace_inconsistent_I_after_I(out_test)"
+   ],
+   "metadata": {
+    "collapsed": false,
+    "ExecuteTime": {
+     "end_time": "2024-05-16T19:18:32.884479700Z",
+     "start_time": "2024-05-16T19:18:32.705259700Z"
+    }
+   },
+   "id": "a845573affc53a38"
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "code",
+   "execution_count": 45,
+   "outputs": [],
+   "source": [
+    "# Save the predictions (with postprocessing)\n",
+    "out_dev.to_csv('dev-0/out.tsv', header=False, index=False, sep='\\t')\n",
+    "out_test.to_csv('test-A/out.tsv', header=False, index=False, sep='\\t')"
+   ],
+   "metadata": {
+    "collapsed": false,
+    "ExecuteTime": {
+     "end_time": "2024-05-16T19:18:35.475503700Z",
+     "start_time": "2024-05-16T19:18:35.453433800Z"
+    }
+   },
+   "id": "d8cf3a8cdbe2de9a"
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "code",
+   "execution_count": 47,
+   "outputs": [],
+   "source": [
+    "# Evaluation\n",
+    "in_dev = pd.read_csv('dev-0/expected.tsv', delimiter='\\t', header=None)\n",
+    "in_dev.columns = ['ner_tags']"
+   ],
+   "metadata": {
+    "collapsed": false,
+    "ExecuteTime": {
+     "end_time": "2024-05-16T19:21:21.442871Z",
+     "start_time": "2024-05-16T19:21:21.423414300Z"
+    }
+   },
+   "id": "341015fd66bc6573"
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "markdown",
+   "source": [
+    "GEVAL F1-BIO (dev): 0.74864"
+   ],
+   "metadata": {
+    "collapsed": false
+   },
+   "id": "d0c015ab8e55873c"
+  }
+ ],
+ "metadata": {
+  "kernelspec": {
+   "display_name": "Python 3",
+   "language": "python",
+   "name": "python3"
+  },
+  "language_info": {
+   "codemirror_mode": {
+    "name": "ipython",
+    "version": 2
+   },
+   "file_extension": ".py",
+   "mimetype": "text/x-python",
+   "name": "python",
+   "nbconvert_exporter": "python",
+   "pygments_lexer": "ipython2",
+   "version": "2.7.6"
+  }
+ },
+ "nbformat": 4,
+ "nbformat_minor": 5
+}