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697 lines
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<title>pygame — pygame v2.3.0 documentation</title>
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<h5>pygame documentation</h5>
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<a href="https://www.pygame.org/">Pygame Home</a> ||
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<p class="bottom"><b>Most useful stuff</b>:
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<section id="module-pygame">
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<span id="pygame"></span><dl class="definition">
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<dt class="title module sig sig-object">
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<code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">pygame</span></code></dt>
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<dd><div class="line-block">
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<div class="line"><span class="summaryline">the top level pygame package</span></div>
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</div>
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<table class="toc docutils align-default">
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<tbody>
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<tr class="row-odd"><td><div class="line"><a class="toc reference external" href="pygame.html#pygame.init">pygame.init</a></div>
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</td>
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<td>—</td>
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<td>initialize all imported pygame modules</td>
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</tr>
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<tr class="row-even"><td><div class="line"><a class="toc reference external" href="pygame.html#pygame.quit">pygame.quit</a></div>
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</td>
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<td>—</td>
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<td>uninitialize all pygame modules</td>
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</tr>
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<tr class="row-odd"><td><div class="line"><a class="toc reference external" href="pygame.html#pygame.get_init">pygame.get_init</a></div>
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</td>
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<td>—</td>
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<td>returns True if pygame is currently initialized</td>
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</tr>
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<tr class="row-even"><td><div class="line"><a class="toc reference external" href="pygame.html#pygame.error">pygame.error</a></div>
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</td>
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<td>—</td>
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<td>standard pygame exception</td>
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</tr>
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<tr class="row-odd"><td><div class="line"><a class="toc reference external" href="pygame.html#pygame.get_error">pygame.get_error</a></div>
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</td>
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<td>—</td>
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<td>get the current error message</td>
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</tr>
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<tr class="row-even"><td><div class="line"><a class="toc reference external" href="pygame.html#pygame.set_error">pygame.set_error</a></div>
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</td>
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<td>—</td>
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<td>set the current error message</td>
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</tr>
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<tr class="row-odd"><td><div class="line"><a class="toc reference external" href="pygame.html#pygame.get_sdl_version">pygame.get_sdl_version</a></div>
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</td>
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<td>—</td>
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<td>get the version number of SDL</td>
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</tr>
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<tr class="row-even"><td><div class="line"><a class="toc reference external" href="pygame.html#pygame.get_sdl_byteorder">pygame.get_sdl_byteorder</a></div>
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</td>
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<td>—</td>
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<td>get the byte order of SDL</td>
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</tr>
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<tr class="row-odd"><td><div class="line"><a class="toc reference external" href="pygame.html#pygame.register_quit">pygame.register_quit</a></div>
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</td>
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<td>—</td>
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<td>register a function to be called when pygame quits</td>
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</tr>
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<tr class="row-even"><td><div class="line"><a class="toc reference external" href="pygame.html#pygame.encode_string">pygame.encode_string</a></div>
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</td>
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<td>—</td>
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<td>Encode a Unicode or bytes object</td>
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</tr>
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<tr class="row-odd"><td><div class="line"><a class="toc reference external" href="pygame.html#pygame.encode_file_path">pygame.encode_file_path</a></div>
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</td>
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<td>—</td>
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<td>Encode a Unicode or bytes object as a file system path</td>
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</tr>
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</tbody>
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</table>
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<p>The pygame package represents the top-level package for others to use. Pygame
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itself is broken into many submodules, but this does not affect programs that
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use pygame.</p>
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<p>As a convenience, most of the top-level variables in pygame have been placed
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inside a module named <a class="tooltip reference internal" href="locals.html#module-pygame.locals" title=""><code class="xref py py-mod docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">pygame.locals</span></code><span class="tooltip-content">pygame constants</span></a>. This is meant to be used with
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<code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">from</span> <span class="pre">pygame.locals</span> <span class="pre">import</span> <span class="pre">*</span></code>, in addition to <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">import</span> <span class="pre">pygame</span></code>.</p>
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<p>When you <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">import</span> <span class="pre">pygame</span></code> all available pygame submodules are automatically
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imported. Be aware that some of the pygame modules are considered <em>optional</em>,
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and may not be available. In that case, pygame will provide a placeholder
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object instead of the module, which can be used to test for availability.</p>
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<dl class="py function definition">
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<dt class="sig sig-object py title" id="pygame.init">
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<span class="sig-prename descclassname"><span class="pre">pygame.</span></span><span class="sig-name descname"><span class="pre">init</span></span><span class="sig-paren">(</span><span class="sig-paren">)</span><a class="headerlink" href="#pygame.init" title="Permalink to this definition">¶</a></dt>
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<dd><div class="line-block">
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<div class="line"><span class="summaryline">initialize all imported pygame modules</span></div>
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<div class="line"><span class="signature">init() -> (numpass, numfail)</span></div>
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</div>
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<p>Initialize all imported pygame modules. No exceptions will be raised if a
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module fails, but the total number if successful and failed inits will be
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returned as a tuple. You can always initialize individual modules manually,
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but <a class="tooltip reference internal" href="#pygame.init" title=""><code class="xref py py-func docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">pygame.init()</span></code><span class="tooltip-content">initialize all imported pygame modules</span></a> is a convenient way to get everything started. The
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<code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">init()</span></code> functions for individual modules will raise exceptions when they
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fail.</p>
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<p>You may want to initialize the different modules separately to speed up your
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program or to not use modules your game does not require.</p>
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<p>It is safe to call this <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">init()</span></code> more than once as repeated calls will have
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no effect. This is true even if you have <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">pygame.quit()</span></code> all the modules.</p>
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</dd></dl>
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<dl class="py function definition">
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<dt class="sig sig-object py title" id="pygame.quit">
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<span class="sig-prename descclassname"><span class="pre">pygame.</span></span><span class="sig-name descname"><span class="pre">quit</span></span><span class="sig-paren">(</span><span class="sig-paren">)</span><a class="headerlink" href="#pygame.quit" title="Permalink to this definition">¶</a></dt>
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<dd><div class="line-block">
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<div class="line"><span class="summaryline">uninitialize all pygame modules</span></div>
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<div class="line"><span class="signature">quit() -> None</span></div>
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</div>
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<p>Uninitialize all pygame modules that have previously been initialized. When
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the Python interpreter shuts down, this method is called regardless, so your
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program should not need it, except when it wants to terminate its pygame
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resources and continue. It is safe to call this function more than once as
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repeated calls have no effect.</p>
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<div class="admonition note">
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<p class="admonition-title">Note</p>
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<p>Calling <a class="tooltip reference internal" href="#pygame.quit" title=""><code class="xref py py-func docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">pygame.quit()</span></code><span class="tooltip-content">uninitialize all pygame modules</span></a> will not exit your program. Consider letting
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your program end in the same way a normal Python program will end.</p>
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</div>
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</dd></dl>
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<dl class="py function definition">
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<dt class="sig sig-object py title" id="pygame.get_init">
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<span class="sig-prename descclassname"><span class="pre">pygame.</span></span><span class="sig-name descname"><span class="pre">get_init</span></span><span class="sig-paren">(</span><span class="sig-paren">)</span><a class="headerlink" href="#pygame.get_init" title="Permalink to this definition">¶</a></dt>
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<dd><div class="line-block">
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<div class="line"><span class="summaryline">returns True if pygame is currently initialized</span></div>
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<div class="line"><span class="signature">get_init() -> bool</span></div>
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</div>
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<p>Returns <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">True</span></code> if pygame is currently initialized.</p>
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<div class="versionadded">
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<p><span class="versionmodified added">New in pygame 1.9.5.</span></p>
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</div>
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</dd></dl>
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<dl class="py exception definition">
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<dt class="sig sig-object py title" id="pygame.error">
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<em class="property"><span class="pre">exception</span><span class="w"> </span></em><span class="sig-prename descclassname"><span class="pre">pygame.</span></span><span class="sig-name descname"><span class="pre">error</span></span><a class="headerlink" href="#pygame.error" title="Permalink to this definition">¶</a></dt>
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<dd><div class="line-block">
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<div class="line"><span class="summaryline">standard pygame exception</span></div>
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<div class="line"><span class="signature">raise pygame.error(message)</span></div>
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</div>
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<p>This exception is raised whenever a pygame or SDL operation fails. You
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can catch any anticipated problems and deal with the error. The exception is
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always raised with a descriptive message about the problem.</p>
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<p>Derived from the <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">RuntimeError</span></code> exception, which can also be used to catch
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these raised errors.</p>
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</dd></dl>
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<dl class="py function definition">
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<dt class="sig sig-object py title" id="pygame.get_error">
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<span class="sig-prename descclassname"><span class="pre">pygame.</span></span><span class="sig-name descname"><span class="pre">get_error</span></span><span class="sig-paren">(</span><span class="sig-paren">)</span><a class="headerlink" href="#pygame.get_error" title="Permalink to this definition">¶</a></dt>
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<dd><div class="line-block">
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<div class="line"><span class="summaryline">get the current error message</span></div>
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<div class="line"><span class="signature">get_error() -> errorstr</span></div>
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</div>
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<p>SDL maintains an internal error message. This message will usually be
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given to you when <a class="tooltip reference internal" href="#pygame.error" title=""><code class="xref py py-func docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">pygame.error()</span></code><span class="tooltip-content">standard pygame exception</span></a> is raised, so this function will
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rarely be needed.</p>
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</dd></dl>
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<dl class="py function definition">
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<dt class="sig sig-object py title" id="pygame.set_error">
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<span class="sig-prename descclassname"><span class="pre">pygame.</span></span><span class="sig-name descname"><span class="pre">set_error</span></span><span class="sig-paren">(</span><span class="sig-paren">)</span><a class="headerlink" href="#pygame.set_error" title="Permalink to this definition">¶</a></dt>
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<dd><div class="line-block">
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<div class="line"><span class="summaryline">set the current error message</span></div>
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<div class="line"><span class="signature">set_error(error_msg) -> None</span></div>
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</div>
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<p>SDL maintains an internal error message. This message will usually be
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given to you when <a class="tooltip reference internal" href="#pygame.error" title=""><code class="xref py py-func docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">pygame.error()</span></code><span class="tooltip-content">standard pygame exception</span></a> is raised, so this function will
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rarely be needed.</p>
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</dd></dl>
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<dl class="py function definition">
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<dt class="sig sig-object py title" id="pygame.get_sdl_version">
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<span class="sig-prename descclassname"><span class="pre">pygame.</span></span><span class="sig-name descname"><span class="pre">get_sdl_version</span></span><span class="sig-paren">(</span><span class="sig-paren">)</span><a class="headerlink" href="#pygame.get_sdl_version" title="Permalink to this definition">¶</a></dt>
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<dd><div class="line-block">
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<div class="line"><span class="summaryline">get the version number of SDL</span></div>
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<div class="line"><span class="signature">get_sdl_version(linked=True) -> major, minor, patch</span></div>
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</div>
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<p>Returns the three version numbers of the SDL library. <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">linked=True</span></code>
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will cause the function to return the version of the library that pygame
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is linked against while <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">linked=False</span></code> will cause the function to return
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the version of the library that pygame is compiled against.
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It can be used to detect which features may or may not be
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available through pygame.</p>
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<div class="versionadded">
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<p><span class="versionmodified added">New in pygame 1.7.0.</span></p>
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</div>
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<div class="versionchanged">
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<p><span class="versionmodified changed">Changed in pygame 2.2.0: </span><code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">linked</span></code> keyword argument added</p>
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</div>
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</dd></dl>
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<dl class="py function definition">
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<dt class="sig sig-object py title" id="pygame.get_sdl_byteorder">
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<span class="sig-prename descclassname"><span class="pre">pygame.</span></span><span class="sig-name descname"><span class="pre">get_sdl_byteorder</span></span><span class="sig-paren">(</span><span class="sig-paren">)</span><a class="headerlink" href="#pygame.get_sdl_byteorder" title="Permalink to this definition">¶</a></dt>
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<dd><div class="line-block">
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<div class="line"><span class="summaryline">get the byte order of SDL</span></div>
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<div class="line"><span class="signature">get_sdl_byteorder() -> int</span></div>
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</div>
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<p>Returns the byte order of the SDL library. It returns <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">1234</span></code> for little
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endian byte order and <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">4321</span></code> for big endian byte order.</p>
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<div class="versionadded">
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<p><span class="versionmodified added">New in pygame 1.8.</span></p>
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</div>
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</dd></dl>
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<dl class="py function definition">
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<dt class="sig sig-object py title" id="pygame.register_quit">
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<span class="sig-prename descclassname"><span class="pre">pygame.</span></span><span class="sig-name descname"><span class="pre">register_quit</span></span><span class="sig-paren">(</span><span class="sig-paren">)</span><a class="headerlink" href="#pygame.register_quit" title="Permalink to this definition">¶</a></dt>
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<dd><div class="line-block">
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<div class="line"><span class="summaryline">register a function to be called when pygame quits</span></div>
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<div class="line"><span class="signature">register_quit(callable) -> None</span></div>
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</div>
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<p>When <a class="tooltip reference internal" href="#pygame.quit" title=""><code class="xref py py-func docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">pygame.quit()</span></code><span class="tooltip-content">uninitialize all pygame modules</span></a> is called, all registered quit functions are
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called. Pygame modules do this automatically when they are initializing, so
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this function will rarely be needed.</p>
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</dd></dl>
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<dl class="py function definition">
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<dt class="sig sig-object py title" id="pygame.encode_string">
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<span class="sig-prename descclassname"><span class="pre">pygame.</span></span><span class="sig-name descname"><span class="pre">encode_string</span></span><span class="sig-paren">(</span><span class="sig-paren">)</span><a class="headerlink" href="#pygame.encode_string" title="Permalink to this definition">¶</a></dt>
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<dd><div class="line-block">
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<div class="line"><span class="summaryline">Encode a Unicode or bytes object</span></div>
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<div class="line"><span class="signature">encode_string([obj [, encoding [, errors [, etype]]]]) -> bytes or None</span></div>
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</div>
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<p>obj: If Unicode, encode; if bytes, return unaltered; if anything else,
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return <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">None</span></code>; if not given, raise <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">SyntaxError</span></code>.</p>
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<p>encoding (string): If present, encoding to use. The default is
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<code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">'unicode_escape'</span></code>.</p>
|
|
<p>errors (string): If given, how to handle unencodable characters. The default
|
|
is <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">'backslashreplace'</span></code>.</p>
|
|
<p>etype (exception type): If given, the exception type to raise for an
|
|
encoding error. The default is <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">UnicodeEncodeError</span></code>, as returned by
|
|
<code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">PyUnicode_AsEncodedString()</span></code>. For the default encoding and errors values
|
|
there should be no encoding errors.</p>
|
|
<p>This function is used in encoding file paths. Keyword arguments are
|
|
supported.</p>
|
|
<div class="versionadded">
|
|
<p><span class="versionmodified added">New in pygame 1.9.2: </span>(primarily for use in unit tests)</p>
|
|
</div>
|
|
</dd></dl>
|
|
|
|
<dl class="py function definition">
|
|
<dt class="sig sig-object py title" id="pygame.encode_file_path">
|
|
<span class="sig-prename descclassname"><span class="pre">pygame.</span></span><span class="sig-name descname"><span class="pre">encode_file_path</span></span><span class="sig-paren">(</span><span class="sig-paren">)</span><a class="headerlink" href="#pygame.encode_file_path" title="Permalink to this definition">¶</a></dt>
|
|
<dd><div class="line-block">
|
|
<div class="line"><span class="summaryline">Encode a Unicode or bytes object as a file system path</span></div>
|
|
<div class="line"><span class="signature">encode_file_path([obj [, etype]]) -> bytes or None</span></div>
|
|
</div>
|
|
<p>obj: If Unicode, encode; if bytes, return unaltered; if anything else,
|
|
return <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">None</span></code>; if not given, raise <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">SyntaxError</span></code>.</p>
|
|
<p>etype (exception type): If given, the exception type to raise for an
|
|
encoding error. The default is <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">UnicodeEncodeError</span></code>, as returned by
|
|
<code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">PyUnicode_AsEncodedString()</span></code>.</p>
|
|
<p>This function is used to encode file paths in pygame. Encoding is to the
|
|
codec as returned by <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">sys.getfilesystemencoding()</span></code>. Keyword arguments are
|
|
supported.</p>
|
|
<div class="versionadded">
|
|
<p><span class="versionmodified added">New in pygame 1.9.2: </span>(primarily for use in unit tests)</p>
|
|
</div>
|
|
</dd></dl>
|
|
|
|
</dd></dl>
|
|
|
|
</section>
|
|
<section id="module-pygame.version">
|
|
<span id="pygame-version"></span><dl class="definition">
|
|
<dt class="title module sig sig-object">
|
|
<code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">pygame.version</span></code></dt>
|
|
<dd><div class="line-block">
|
|
<div class="line"><span class="summaryline">small module containing version information</span></div>
|
|
</div>
|
|
<table class="toc docutils align-default">
|
|
<tbody>
|
|
<tr class="row-odd"><td><div class="line"><a class="toc reference external" href="pygame.html#pygame.version.ver">pygame.version.ver</a></div>
|
|
</td>
|
|
<td>—</td>
|
|
<td>version number as a string</td>
|
|
</tr>
|
|
<tr class="row-even"><td><div class="line"><a class="toc reference external" href="pygame.html#pygame.version.vernum">pygame.version.vernum</a></div>
|
|
</td>
|
|
<td>—</td>
|
|
<td>tupled integers of the version</td>
|
|
</tr>
|
|
<tr class="row-odd"><td><div class="line"><a class="toc reference external" href="pygame.html#pygame.version.rev">pygame.version.rev</a></div>
|
|
</td>
|
|
<td>—</td>
|
|
<td>repository revision of the build</td>
|
|
</tr>
|
|
<tr class="row-even"><td><div class="line"><a class="toc reference external" href="pygame.html#pygame.version.SDL">pygame.version.SDL</a></div>
|
|
</td>
|
|
<td>—</td>
|
|
<td>tupled integers of the SDL library version</td>
|
|
</tr>
|
|
</tbody>
|
|
</table>
|
|
<p>This module is automatically imported into the pygame package and can be used to
|
|
check which version of pygame has been imported.</p>
|
|
<dl class="py data definition">
|
|
<dt class="sig sig-object py title" id="pygame.version.ver">
|
|
<span class="sig-prename descclassname"><span class="pre">pygame.version.</span></span><span class="sig-name descname"><span class="pre">ver</span></span><a class="headerlink" href="#pygame.version.ver" title="Permalink to this definition">¶</a></dt>
|
|
<dd><div class="line-block">
|
|
<div class="line"><span class="summaryline">version number as a string</span></div>
|
|
<div class="line"><span class="signature">ver = '1.2'</span></div>
|
|
</div>
|
|
<p>This is the version represented as a string. It can contain a micro release
|
|
number as well, e.g. <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">'1.5.2'</span></code></p>
|
|
</dd></dl>
|
|
|
|
<dl class="py data definition">
|
|
<dt class="sig sig-object py title" id="pygame.version.vernum">
|
|
<span class="sig-prename descclassname"><span class="pre">pygame.version.</span></span><span class="sig-name descname"><span class="pre">vernum</span></span><a class="headerlink" href="#pygame.version.vernum" title="Permalink to this definition">¶</a></dt>
|
|
<dd><div class="line-block">
|
|
<div class="line"><span class="summaryline">tupled integers of the version</span></div>
|
|
<div class="line"><span class="signature">vernum = (1, 5, 3)</span></div>
|
|
</div>
|
|
<p>This version information can easily be compared with other version
|
|
numbers of the same format. An example of checking pygame version numbers
|
|
would look like this:</p>
|
|
<div class="highlight-default notranslate"><div class="highlight"><pre><span></span><span class="k">if</span> <span class="n">pygame</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">version</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">vernum</span> <span class="o"><</span> <span class="p">(</span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="mi">5</span><span class="p">):</span>
|
|
<span class="nb">print</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="s1">'Warning, older version of pygame (</span><span class="si">%s</span><span class="s1">)'</span> <span class="o">%</span> <span class="n">pygame</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">version</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">ver</span><span class="p">)</span>
|
|
<span class="n">disable_advanced_features</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="kc">True</span>
|
|
</pre></div>
|
|
</div>
|
|
<div class="versionadded">
|
|
<p><span class="versionmodified added">New in pygame 1.9.6: </span>Attributes <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">major</span></code>, <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">minor</span></code>, and <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">patch</span></code>.</p>
|
|
</div>
|
|
<div class="highlight-default notranslate"><div class="highlight"><pre><span></span><span class="n">vernum</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">major</span> <span class="o">==</span> <span class="n">vernum</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">]</span>
|
|
<span class="n">vernum</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">minor</span> <span class="o">==</span> <span class="n">vernum</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">]</span>
|
|
<span class="n">vernum</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">patch</span> <span class="o">==</span> <span class="n">vernum</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="mi">2</span><span class="p">]</span>
|
|
</pre></div>
|
|
</div>
|
|
<div class="versionchanged">
|
|
<p><span class="versionmodified changed">Changed in pygame 1.9.6: </span><code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">str(pygame.version.vernum)</span></code> returns a string like <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">"2.0.0"</span></code> instead
|
|
of <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">"(2,</span> <span class="pre">0,</span> <span class="pre">0)"</span></code>.</p>
|
|
</div>
|
|
<div class="versionchanged">
|
|
<p><span class="versionmodified changed">Changed in pygame 1.9.6: </span><code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">repr(pygame.version.vernum)</span></code> returns a string like
|
|
<code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">"PygameVersion(major=2,</span> <span class="pre">minor=0,</span> <span class="pre">patch=0)"</span></code> instead of <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">"(2,</span> <span class="pre">0,</span> <span class="pre">0)"</span></code>.</p>
|
|
</div>
|
|
</dd></dl>
|
|
|
|
<dl class="py data definition">
|
|
<dt class="sig sig-object py title" id="pygame.version.rev">
|
|
<span class="sig-prename descclassname"><span class="pre">pygame.version.</span></span><span class="sig-name descname"><span class="pre">rev</span></span><a class="headerlink" href="#pygame.version.rev" title="Permalink to this definition">¶</a></dt>
|
|
<dd><div class="line-block">
|
|
<div class="line"><span class="summaryline">repository revision of the build</span></div>
|
|
<div class="line"><span class="signature">rev = 'a6f89747b551+'</span></div>
|
|
</div>
|
|
<p>The Mercurial node identifier of the repository checkout from which this
|
|
package was built. If the identifier ends with a plus sign '+' then the
|
|
package contains uncommitted changes. Please include this revision number
|
|
in bug reports, especially for non-release pygame builds.</p>
|
|
<p>Important note: pygame development has moved to github, this variable is
|
|
obsolete now. As soon as development shifted to github, this variable started
|
|
returning an empty string <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">""</span></code>.
|
|
It has always been returning an empty string since <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">v1.9.5</span></code>.</p>
|
|
<div class="versionchanged">
|
|
<p><span class="versionmodified changed">Changed in pygame 1.9.5: </span>Always returns an empty string <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">""</span></code>.</p>
|
|
</div>
|
|
</dd></dl>
|
|
|
|
<dl class="py data definition">
|
|
<dt class="sig sig-object py title" id="pygame.version.SDL">
|
|
<span class="sig-prename descclassname"><span class="pre">pygame.version.</span></span><span class="sig-name descname"><span class="pre">SDL</span></span><a class="headerlink" href="#pygame.version.SDL" title="Permalink to this definition">¶</a></dt>
|
|
<dd><div class="line-block">
|
|
<div class="line"><span class="summaryline">tupled integers of the SDL library version</span></div>
|
|
<div class="line"><span class="signature">SDL = '(2, 0, 12)'</span></div>
|
|
</div>
|
|
<p>This is the SDL library version represented as an extended tuple. It also has
|
|
attributes 'major', 'minor' & 'patch' that can be accessed like this:</p>
|
|
<div class="highlight-default notranslate"><div class="highlight"><pre><span></span><span class="gp">>>> </span><span class="n">pygame</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">version</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">SDL</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">major</span>
|
|
<span class="go">2</span>
|
|
</pre></div>
|
|
</div>
|
|
<p>printing the whole thing returns a string like this:</p>
|
|
<div class="highlight-default notranslate"><div class="highlight"><pre><span></span><span class="gp">>>> </span><span class="n">pygame</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">version</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">SDL</span>
|
|
<span class="go">SDLVersion(major=2, minor=0, patch=12)</span>
|
|
</pre></div>
|
|
</div>
|
|
<div class="versionadded">
|
|
<p><span class="versionmodified added">New in pygame 2.0.0.</span></p>
|
|
</div>
|
|
</dd></dl>
|
|
|
|
<p id="environment-variables"><strong>Setting Environment Variables</strong></p>
|
|
<p>Some aspects of pygame's behaviour can be controlled by setting environment variables, they cover a wide
|
|
range of the library's functionality. Some of the variables are from pygame itself, while others come from
|
|
the underlying C SDL library that pygame uses.</p>
|
|
<p>In python, environment variables are usually set in code like this:</p>
|
|
<div class="highlight-default notranslate"><div class="highlight"><pre><span></span><span class="kn">import</span> <span class="nn">os</span>
|
|
<span class="n">os</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">environ</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="s1">'NAME_OF_ENVIRONMENT_VARIABLE'</span><span class="p">]</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="s1">'value_to_set'</span>
|
|
</pre></div>
|
|
</div>
|
|
<p>Or to preserve users ability to override the variable:</p>
|
|
<div class="highlight-default notranslate"><div class="highlight"><pre><span></span><span class="kn">import</span> <span class="nn">os</span>
|
|
<span class="n">os</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">environ</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="s1">'ENV_VAR'</span><span class="p">]</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="n">os</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">environ</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">get</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="s1">'ENV_VAR'</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="s1">'value'</span><span class="p">)</span>
|
|
</pre></div>
|
|
</div>
|
|
<p>If the variable is more useful for users of an app to set than the developer then they can set it like this:</p>
|
|
<p><strong>Windows</strong>:</p>
|
|
<div class="highlight-default notranslate"><div class="highlight"><pre><span></span><span class="nb">set</span> <span class="n">NAME_OF_ENVIRONMENT_VARIABLE</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="n">value_to_set</span>
|
|
<span class="n">python</span> <span class="n">my_application</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">py</span>
|
|
</pre></div>
|
|
</div>
|
|
<p><strong>Linux/Mac</strong>:</p>
|
|
<div class="highlight-default notranslate"><div class="highlight"><pre><span></span><span class="n">ENV_VAR</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="n">value</span> <span class="n">python</span> <span class="n">my_application</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">py</span>
|
|
</pre></div>
|
|
</div>
|
|
<p>For some variables they need to be set before initialising pygame, some must be set before even importing pygame,
|
|
and others can simply be set right before the area of code they control is run.</p>
|
|
<p>Below is a list of environment variables, their settable values, and a brief description of what they do.</p>
|
|
<div class="line-block">
|
|
<div class="line"><br /></div>
|
|
</div>
|
|
<p><strong>Pygame Environment Variables</strong></p>
|
|
<p>These variables are defined by pygame itself.</p>
|
|
<div class="line-block">
|
|
<div class="line"><br /></div>
|
|
</div>
|
|
<div class="highlight-default notranslate"><div class="highlight"><pre><span></span><span class="n">PYGAME_DISPLAY</span> <span class="o">-</span> <span class="n">Experimental</span> <span class="p">(</span><span class="n">subject</span> <span class="n">to</span> <span class="n">change</span><span class="p">)</span>
|
|
<span class="n">Set</span> <span class="n">index</span> <span class="n">of</span> <span class="n">the</span> <span class="n">display</span> <span class="n">to</span> <span class="n">use</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="s2">"0"</span> <span class="ow">is</span> <span class="n">the</span> <span class="n">default</span><span class="o">.</span>
|
|
</pre></div>
|
|
</div>
|
|
<p>This sets the display where pygame will open its window
|
|
or screen. The value set here will be used if set before
|
|
calling <a class="tooltip reference internal" href="display.html#pygame.display.set_mode" title=""><code class="xref py py-func docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">pygame.display.set_mode()</span></code><span class="tooltip-content">Initialize a window or screen for display</span></a>, and as long as no
|
|
'display' parameter is passed into <a class="tooltip reference internal" href="display.html#pygame.display.set_mode" title=""><code class="xref py py-func docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">pygame.display.set_mode()</span></code><span class="tooltip-content">Initialize a window or screen for display</span></a>.</p>
|
|
<div class="line-block">
|
|
<div class="line"><br /></div>
|
|
</div>
|
|
<div class="highlight-default notranslate"><div class="highlight"><pre><span></span><span class="n">PYGAME_FORCE_SCALE</span> <span class="o">-</span>
|
|
<span class="n">Set</span> <span class="n">to</span> <span class="s2">"photo"</span> <span class="ow">or</span> <span class="s2">"default"</span><span class="o">.</span>
|
|
</pre></div>
|
|
</div>
|
|
<p>This forces set_mode() to use the SCALED display mode and,
|
|
if "photo" is set, makes the scaling use the slowest, but
|
|
highest quality anisotropic scaling algorithm, if it is
|
|
available. Must be set before calling <a class="tooltip reference internal" href="display.html#pygame.display.set_mode" title=""><code class="xref py py-func docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">pygame.display.set_mode()</span></code><span class="tooltip-content">Initialize a window or screen for display</span></a>.</p>
|
|
<div class="line-block">
|
|
<div class="line"><br /></div>
|
|
</div>
|
|
<div class="highlight-default notranslate"><div class="highlight"><pre><span></span><span class="n">PYGAME_BLEND_ALPHA_SDL2</span> <span class="o">-</span> <span class="n">New</span> <span class="ow">in</span> <span class="n">pygame</span> <span class="mf">2.0.0</span>
|
|
<span class="n">Set</span> <span class="n">to</span> <span class="s2">"1"</span> <span class="n">to</span> <span class="n">enable</span> <span class="n">the</span> <span class="n">SDL2</span> <span class="n">blitter</span><span class="o">.</span>
|
|
</pre></div>
|
|
</div>
|
|
<p>This makes pygame use the SDL2 blitter for all alpha
|
|
blending. The SDL2 blitter is sometimes faster than
|
|
the default blitter but uses a different formula so
|
|
the final colours may differ. Must be set before
|
|
<a class="tooltip reference internal" href="#pygame.init" title=""><code class="xref py py-func docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">pygame.init()</span></code><span class="tooltip-content">initialize all imported pygame modules</span></a> is called.</p>
|
|
<div class="line-block">
|
|
<div class="line"><br /></div>
|
|
</div>
|
|
<div class="highlight-default notranslate"><div class="highlight"><pre><span></span><span class="n">PYGAME_HIDE_SUPPORT_PROMPT</span> <span class="o">-</span>
|
|
<span class="n">Set</span> <span class="n">to</span> <span class="s2">"1"</span> <span class="n">to</span> <span class="n">hide</span> <span class="n">the</span> <span class="n">prompt</span><span class="o">.</span>
|
|
</pre></div>
|
|
</div>
|
|
<p>This stops the welcome message popping up in the
|
|
console that tells you which version of python,
|
|
pygame & SDL you are using. Must be set before
|
|
importing pygame.</p>
|
|
<div class="line-block">
|
|
<div class="line"><br /></div>
|
|
</div>
|
|
<div class="highlight-default notranslate"><div class="highlight"><pre><span></span><span class="n">PYGAME_FREETYPE</span> <span class="o">-</span>
|
|
<span class="n">Set</span> <span class="n">to</span> <span class="s2">"1"</span> <span class="n">to</span> <span class="n">enable</span><span class="o">.</span>
|
|
</pre></div>
|
|
</div>
|
|
<p>This switches the pygame.font module to a pure
|
|
freetype implementation that bypasses SDL_ttf.
|
|
See the font module for why you might want to
|
|
do this. Must be set before importing pygame.</p>
|
|
<div class="line-block">
|
|
<div class="line"><br /></div>
|
|
</div>
|
|
<div class="highlight-default notranslate"><div class="highlight"><pre><span></span><span class="n">PYGAME_CAMERA</span> <span class="o">-</span>
|
|
<span class="n">Set</span> <span class="n">to</span> <span class="s2">"opencv"</span> <span class="ow">or</span> <span class="s2">"vidcapture"</span>
|
|
</pre></div>
|
|
</div>
|
|
<p>Forces the library backend used in the camera
|
|
module, overriding the platform defaults. Must
|
|
be set before calling <a class="tooltip reference internal" href="camera.html#pygame.camera.init" title=""><code class="xref py py-func docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">pygame.camera.init()</span></code><span class="tooltip-content">Module init</span></a>.</p>
|
|
<p>In pygame 2.0.3, backends can be set programmatically instead, and the old
|
|
OpenCV backend has been replaced with one on top of "opencv-python," rather
|
|
than the old "highgui" OpenCV port. Also, there is a new native Windows
|
|
backend available.</p>
|
|
<div class="line-block">
|
|
<div class="line"><br /></div>
|
|
<div class="line"><br /></div>
|
|
</div>
|
|
<p><strong>SDL Environment Variables</strong></p>
|
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<p>These variables are defined by SDL.</p>
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<p>For documentation on the environment variables available in
|
|
pygame 1 try <a class="reference external" href="https://www.libsdl.org/release/SDL-1.2.15/docs/html/sdlenvvars.html">here</a>.
|
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For Pygame 2, some selected environment variables are listed below.</p>
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<div class="line-block">
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<div class="line"><br /></div>
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</div>
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<div class="highlight-default notranslate"><div class="highlight"><pre><span></span><span class="n">SDL_VIDEO_CENTERED</span> <span class="o">-</span>
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<span class="n">Set</span> <span class="n">to</span> <span class="s2">"1"</span> <span class="n">to</span> <span class="n">enable</span> <span class="n">centering</span> <span class="n">the</span> <span class="n">window</span><span class="o">.</span>
|
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</pre></div>
|
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</div>
|
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<p>This will make the pygame window open in the centre of the display.
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Must be set before calling <a class="tooltip reference internal" href="display.html#pygame.display.set_mode" title=""><code class="xref py py-func docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">pygame.display.set_mode()</span></code><span class="tooltip-content">Initialize a window or screen for display</span></a>.</p>
|
|
<div class="line-block">
|
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<div class="line"><br /></div>
|
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</div>
|
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<div class="highlight-default notranslate"><div class="highlight"><pre><span></span><span class="n">SDL_VIDEO_WINDOW_POS</span> <span class="o">-</span>
|
|
<span class="n">Set</span> <span class="n">to</span> <span class="s2">"x,y"</span> <span class="n">to</span> <span class="n">position</span> <span class="n">the</span> <span class="n">top</span> <span class="n">left</span> <span class="n">corner</span> <span class="n">of</span> <span class="n">the</span> <span class="n">window</span><span class="o">.</span>
|
|
</pre></div>
|
|
</div>
|
|
<p>This allows control over the placement of the pygame window within
|
|
the display. Must be set before calling <a class="tooltip reference internal" href="display.html#pygame.display.set_mode" title=""><code class="xref py py-func docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">pygame.display.set_mode()</span></code><span class="tooltip-content">Initialize a window or screen for display</span></a>.</p>
|
|
<div class="line-block">
|
|
<div class="line"><br /></div>
|
|
</div>
|
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<div class="highlight-default notranslate"><div class="highlight"><pre><span></span><span class="n">SDL_VIDEODRIVER</span> <span class="o">-</span>
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|
<span class="n">Set</span> <span class="n">to</span> <span class="s2">"drivername"</span> <span class="n">to</span> <span class="n">change</span> <span class="n">the</span> <span class="n">video</span> <span class="n">driver</span> <span class="n">used</span><span class="o">.</span>
|
|
</pre></div>
|
|
</div>
|
|
<p>On some platforms there are multiple video drivers available and
|
|
this allows users to pick between them. More information is available
|
|
<a class="reference external" href="https://wiki.libsdl.org/FAQUsingSDL">here</a>. Must be set before
|
|
calling <a class="tooltip reference internal" href="#pygame.init" title=""><code class="xref py py-func docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">pygame.init()</span></code><span class="tooltip-content">initialize all imported pygame modules</span></a> or <a class="tooltip reference internal" href="display.html#pygame.display.init" title=""><code class="xref py py-func docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">pygame.display.init()</span></code><span class="tooltip-content">Initialize the display module</span></a>.</p>
|
|
<div class="line-block">
|
|
<div class="line"><br /></div>
|
|
</div>
|
|
<div class="highlight-default notranslate"><div class="highlight"><pre><span></span><span class="n">SDL_AUDIODRIVER</span> <span class="o">-</span>
|
|
<span class="n">Set</span> <span class="n">to</span> <span class="s2">"drivername"</span> <span class="n">to</span> <span class="n">change</span> <span class="n">the</span> <span class="n">audio</span> <span class="n">driver</span> <span class="n">used</span><span class="o">.</span>
|
|
</pre></div>
|
|
</div>
|
|
<p>On some platforms there are multiple audio drivers available and
|
|
this allows users to pick between them. More information is available
|
|
<a class="reference external" href="https://wiki.libsdl.org/FAQUsingSDL">here</a>. Must be set before
|
|
calling <a class="tooltip reference internal" href="#pygame.init" title=""><code class="xref py py-func docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">pygame.init()</span></code><span class="tooltip-content">initialize all imported pygame modules</span></a> or <a class="tooltip reference internal" href="mixer.html#pygame.mixer.init" title=""><code class="xref py py-func docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">pygame.mixer.init()</span></code><span class="tooltip-content">initialize the mixer module</span></a>.</p>
|
|
<div class="line-block">
|
|
<div class="line"><br /></div>
|
|
</div>
|
|
<div class="highlight-default notranslate"><div class="highlight"><pre><span></span><span class="n">SDL_VIDEO_ALLOW_SCREENSAVER</span>
|
|
<span class="n">Set</span> <span class="n">to</span> <span class="s2">"1"</span> <span class="n">to</span> <span class="n">allow</span> <span class="n">screensavers</span> <span class="k">while</span> <span class="n">pygame</span> <span class="n">apps</span> <span class="n">are</span> <span class="n">running</span><span class="o">.</span>
|
|
</pre></div>
|
|
</div>
|
|
<p>By default pygame apps disable screensavers while
|
|
they are running. Setting this environment variable allows users or
|
|
developers to change that and make screensavers run again.</p>
|
|
<div class="line-block">
|
|
<div class="line"><br /></div>
|
|
</div>
|
|
<div class="highlight-default notranslate"><div class="highlight"><pre><span></span><span class="n">SDL_VIDEO_X11_NET_WM_BYPASS_COMPOSITOR</span>
|
|
<span class="n">Set</span> <span class="n">to</span> <span class="s2">"0"</span> <span class="n">to</span> <span class="n">re</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="n">enable</span> <span class="n">the</span> <span class="n">compositor</span><span class="o">.</span>
|
|
</pre></div>
|
|
</div>
|
|
<p>By default SDL tries to disable the X11 compositor for all pygame
|
|
apps. This is usually a good thing as it's faster, however if you
|
|
have an app which <em>doesn't</em> update every frame and are using linux
|
|
you may want to disable this bypass. The bypass has reported problems
|
|
on KDE linux. This variable is only used on x11/linux platforms.</p>
|
|
<div class="line-block">
|
|
<div class="line"><br /></div>
|
|
</div>
|
|
<div class="highlight-default notranslate"><div class="highlight"><pre><span></span><span class="n">SDL_JOYSTICK_ALLOW_BACKGROUND_EVENTS</span>
|
|
<span class="n">Set</span> <span class="n">to</span> <span class="s2">"1"</span> <span class="n">to</span> <span class="n">allow</span> <span class="n">joysticks</span> <span class="n">to</span> <span class="n">be</span> <span class="n">updated</span> <span class="n">even</span> <span class="n">when</span> <span class="n">the</span> <span class="n">window</span> <span class="ow">is</span> <span class="n">out</span> <span class="n">of</span> <span class="n">focus</span>
|
|
</pre></div>
|
|
</div>
|
|
<p>By default, when the window is not in focus, input devices do not get
|
|
updated. However, using this environment variable it is possible to get
|
|
joystick updates even when the window is in the background. Must be set
|
|
before calling <a class="tooltip reference internal" href="#pygame.init" title=""><code class="xref py py-func docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">pygame.init()</span></code><span class="tooltip-content">initialize all imported pygame modules</span></a> or <a class="tooltip reference internal" href="joystick.html#pygame.joystick.init" title=""><code class="xref py py-func docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">pygame.joystick.init()</span></code><span class="tooltip-content">Initialize the joystick module.</span></a>.</p>
|
|
</dd></dl>
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</section>
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