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<section id="module-pygame.midi">
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<span id="pygame-midi"></span><dl class="definition">
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<dt class="title module sig sig-object">
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<code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">pygame.midi</span></code></dt>
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<dd><div class="line-block">
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<div class="line"><span class="summaryline">pygame module for interacting with midi input and output.</span></div>
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</div>
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<table class="toc docutils align-default">
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<colgroup>
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<col style="width: 30%" />
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<col style="width: 1%" />
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<col style="width: 69%" />
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</colgroup>
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<tbody>
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<tr class="row-odd"><td><div class="line"><a class="toc reference external" href="midi.html#pygame.midi.init">pygame.midi.init</a></div>
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</td>
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<td>—</td>
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<td>initialize the midi module</td>
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</tr>
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<tr class="row-even"><td><div class="line"><a class="toc reference external" href="midi.html#pygame.midi.quit">pygame.midi.quit</a></div>
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</td>
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<td>—</td>
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<td>uninitialize the midi module</td>
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</tr>
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<tr class="row-odd"><td><div class="line"><a class="toc reference external" href="midi.html#pygame.midi.get_init">pygame.midi.get_init</a></div>
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</td>
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<td>—</td>
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<td>returns True if the midi module is currently initialized</td>
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</tr>
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<tr class="row-even"><td><div class="line"><a class="toc reference external" href="midi.html#pygame.midi.Input">pygame.midi.Input</a></div>
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</td>
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<td>—</td>
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<td>Input is used to get midi input from midi devices.</td>
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</tr>
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<tr class="row-odd"><td><div class="line"><a class="toc reference external" href="midi.html#pygame.midi.Output">pygame.midi.Output</a></div>
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</td>
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<td>—</td>
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<td>Output is used to send midi to an output device</td>
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</tr>
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<tr class="row-even"><td><div class="line"><a class="toc reference external" href="midi.html#pygame.midi.get_count">pygame.midi.get_count</a></div>
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</td>
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<td>—</td>
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<td>gets the number of devices.</td>
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</tr>
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<tr class="row-odd"><td><div class="line"><a class="toc reference external" href="midi.html#pygame.midi.get_default_input_id">pygame.midi.get_default_input_id</a></div>
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</td>
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<td>—</td>
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<td>gets default input device number</td>
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</tr>
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<tr class="row-even"><td><div class="line"><a class="toc reference external" href="midi.html#pygame.midi.get_default_output_id">pygame.midi.get_default_output_id</a></div>
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</td>
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<td>—</td>
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<td>gets default output device number</td>
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</tr>
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<tr class="row-odd"><td><div class="line"><a class="toc reference external" href="midi.html#pygame.midi.get_device_info">pygame.midi.get_device_info</a></div>
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</td>
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<td>—</td>
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<td>returns information about a midi device</td>
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</tr>
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<tr class="row-even"><td><div class="line"><a class="toc reference external" href="midi.html#pygame.midi.midis2events">pygame.midi.midis2events</a></div>
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</td>
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<td>—</td>
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<td>converts midi events to pygame events</td>
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</tr>
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<tr class="row-odd"><td><div class="line"><a class="toc reference external" href="midi.html#pygame.midi.time">pygame.midi.time</a></div>
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</td>
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<td>—</td>
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<td>returns the current time in ms of the PortMidi timer</td>
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</tr>
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<tr class="row-even"><td><div class="line"><a class="toc reference external" href="midi.html#pygame.midi.frequency_to_midi">pygame.midi.frequency_to_midi</a></div>
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</td>
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<td>—</td>
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<td>Converts a frequency into a MIDI note. Rounds to the closest midi note.</td>
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</tr>
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<tr class="row-odd"><td><div class="line"><a class="toc reference external" href="midi.html#pygame.midi.midi_to_frequency">pygame.midi.midi_to_frequency</a></div>
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</td>
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<td>—</td>
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<td>Converts a midi note to a frequency.</td>
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</tr>
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<tr class="row-even"><td><div class="line"><a class="toc reference external" href="midi.html#pygame.midi.midi_to_ansi_note">pygame.midi.midi_to_ansi_note</a></div>
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</td>
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<td>—</td>
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<td>Returns the Ansi Note name for a midi number.</td>
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</tr>
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<tr class="row-odd"><td><div class="line"><a class="toc reference external" href="midi.html#pygame.midi.MidiException">pygame.midi.MidiException</a></div>
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</td>
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<td>—</td>
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<td>exception that pygame.midi functions and classes can raise</td>
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</tr>
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</tbody>
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</table>
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<div class="versionadded">
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<p><span class="versionmodified added">New in pygame 1.9.0.</span></p>
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</div>
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<p>The midi module can send output to midi devices and get input from midi
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devices. It can also list midi devices on the system.</p>
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<p>The midi module supports real and virtual midi devices.</p>
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<p>It uses the portmidi library. Is portable to which ever platforms portmidi
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supports (currently Windows, Mac OS X, and Linux).</p>
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<p>This uses pyportmidi for now, but may use its own bindings at some point in the
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future. The pyportmidi bindings are included with pygame.</p>
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<div class="line-block">
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<div class="line"><br /></div>
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</div>
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<div class="versionadded">
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<p><span class="versionmodified added">New in pygame 2.0.0.</span></p>
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</div>
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<p>These are pygame events (<a class="tooltip reference internal" href="event.html#module-pygame.event" title=""><code class="xref py py-mod docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">pygame.event</span></code><span class="tooltip-content">pygame module for interacting with events and queues</span></a>) reserved for midi use. The
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<code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">MIDIIN</span></code> event is used by <a class="tooltip reference internal" href="#pygame.midi.midis2events" title=""><code class="xref py py-func docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">pygame.midi.midis2events()</span></code><span class="tooltip-content">converts midi events to pygame events</span></a> when converting
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midi events to pygame events.</p>
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<div class="highlight-default notranslate"><div class="highlight"><pre><span></span><span class="n">MIDIIN</span>
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<span class="n">MIDIOUT</span>
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</pre></div>
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</div>
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<div class="line-block">
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<div class="line"><br /></div>
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</div>
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<dl class="py function definition">
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<dt class="sig sig-object py title" id="pygame.midi.init">
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<span class="sig-prename descclassname"><span class="pre">pygame.midi.</span></span><span class="sig-name descname"><span class="pre">init</span></span><span class="sig-paren">(</span><span class="sig-paren">)</span><a class="headerlink" href="#pygame.midi.init" title="Permalink to this definition">¶</a></dt>
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<dd><div class="line-block">
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<div class="line"><span class="summaryline">initialize the midi module</span></div>
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<div class="line"><span class="signature">init() -> None</span></div>
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</div>
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<p>Initializes the <a class="tooltip reference internal" href="#module-pygame.midi" title=""><code class="xref py py-mod docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">pygame.midi</span></code><span class="tooltip-content">pygame module for interacting with midi input and output.</span></a> module. Must be called before using the
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<a class="tooltip reference internal" href="#module-pygame.midi" title=""><code class="xref py py-mod docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">pygame.midi</span></code><span class="tooltip-content">pygame module for interacting with midi input and output.</span></a> module.</p>
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<p>It is safe to call this more than once.</p>
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</dd></dl>
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<dl class="py function definition">
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<dt class="sig sig-object py title" id="pygame.midi.quit">
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<span class="sig-prename descclassname"><span class="pre">pygame.midi.</span></span><span class="sig-name descname"><span class="pre">quit</span></span><span class="sig-paren">(</span><span class="sig-paren">)</span><a class="headerlink" href="#pygame.midi.quit" title="Permalink to this definition">¶</a></dt>
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<dd><div class="line-block">
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<div class="line"><span class="summaryline">uninitialize the midi module</span></div>
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<div class="line"><span class="signature">quit() -> None</span></div>
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</div>
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<p>Uninitializes the <a class="tooltip reference internal" href="#module-pygame.midi" title=""><code class="xref py py-mod docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">pygame.midi</span></code><span class="tooltip-content">pygame module for interacting with midi input and output.</span></a> module. If <a class="tooltip reference internal" href="#pygame.midi.init" title=""><code class="xref py py-func docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">pygame.midi.init()</span></code><span class="tooltip-content">initialize the midi module</span></a> was
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called to initialize the <a class="tooltip reference internal" href="#module-pygame.midi" title=""><code class="xref py py-mod docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">pygame.midi</span></code><span class="tooltip-content">pygame module for interacting with midi input and output.</span></a> module, then this function will
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be called automatically when your program exits.</p>
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<p>It is safe to call this function more than once.</p>
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</dd></dl>
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<dl class="py function definition">
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<dt class="sig sig-object py title" id="pygame.midi.get_init">
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<span class="sig-prename descclassname"><span class="pre">pygame.midi.</span></span><span class="sig-name descname"><span class="pre">get_init</span></span><span class="sig-paren">(</span><span class="sig-paren">)</span><a class="headerlink" href="#pygame.midi.get_init" title="Permalink to this definition">¶</a></dt>
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<dd><div class="line-block">
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<div class="line"><span class="summaryline">returns True if the midi module is currently initialized</span></div>
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<div class="line"><span class="signature">get_init() -> bool</span></div>
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</div>
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<p>Gets the initialization state of the <a class="tooltip reference internal" href="#module-pygame.midi" title=""><code class="xref py py-mod docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">pygame.midi</span></code><span class="tooltip-content">pygame module for interacting with midi input and output.</span></a> module.</p>
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<dl class="field-list simple">
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<dt class="field-odd">Returns</dt>
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<dd class="field-odd"><p><code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">True</span></code> if the <a class="tooltip reference internal" href="#module-pygame.midi" title=""><code class="xref py py-mod docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">pygame.midi</span></code><span class="tooltip-content">pygame module for interacting with midi input and output.</span></a> module is currently initialized.</p>
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</dd>
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<dt class="field-even">Return type</dt>
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<dd class="field-even"><p>bool</p>
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</dd>
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</dl>
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<div class="versionadded">
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<p><span class="versionmodified added">New in pygame 1.9.5.</span></p>
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</div>
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</dd></dl>
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<dl class="py class definition">
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<dt class="sig sig-object py title" id="pygame.midi.Input">
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<span class="sig-prename descclassname"><span class="pre">pygame.midi.</span></span><span class="sig-name descname"><span class="pre">Input</span></span><a class="headerlink" href="#pygame.midi.Input" title="Permalink to this definition">¶</a></dt>
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<dd><div class="line-block">
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<div class="line"><span class="summaryline">Input is used to get midi input from midi devices.</span></div>
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<div class="line"><span class="signature">Input(device_id) -> None</span></div>
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<div class="line"><span class="signature">Input(device_id, buffer_size) -> None</span></div>
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</div>
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<table class="toc docutils align-default">
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<colgroup>
|
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<col style="width: 29%" />
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<col style="width: 1%" />
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<col style="width: 70%" />
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</colgroup>
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<tbody>
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<tr class="row-odd"><td><div class="line"><a class="toc reference external" href="midi.html#pygame.midi.Input.close">pygame.midi.Input.close</a></div>
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</td>
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<td>—</td>
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<td>closes a midi stream, flushing any pending buffers.</td>
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</tr>
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<tr class="row-even"><td><div class="line"><a class="toc reference external" href="midi.html#pygame.midi.Input.poll">pygame.midi.Input.poll</a></div>
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</td>
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<td>—</td>
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<td>returns True if there's data, or False if not.</td>
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</tr>
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<tr class="row-odd"><td><div class="line"><a class="toc reference external" href="midi.html#pygame.midi.Input.read">pygame.midi.Input.read</a></div>
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</td>
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<td>—</td>
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<td>reads num_events midi events from the buffer.</td>
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</tr>
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</tbody>
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</table>
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<dl class="field-list simple">
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<dt class="field-odd">Parameters</dt>
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<dd class="field-odd"><ul class="simple">
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<li><p><strong>device_id</strong> (<em>int</em>) -- midi device id</p></li>
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<li><p><strong>buffer_size</strong> (<em>int</em>) -- (optional) the number of input events to be buffered</p></li>
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</ul>
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</dd>
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</dl>
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<dl class="py method definition">
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<dt class="sig sig-object py title" id="pygame.midi.Input.close">
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<span class="sig-name descname"><span class="pre">close</span></span><span class="sig-paren">(</span><span class="sig-paren">)</span><a class="headerlink" href="#pygame.midi.Input.close" title="Permalink to this definition">¶</a></dt>
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<dd><div class="line-block">
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<div class="line"><span class="summaryline">closes a midi stream, flushing any pending buffers.</span></div>
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<div class="line"><span class="signature">close() -> None</span></div>
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</div>
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<p>PortMidi attempts to close open streams when the application exits.</p>
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<div class="admonition note">
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<p class="admonition-title">Note</p>
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<p>This is particularly difficult under Windows.</p>
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</div>
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</dd></dl>
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<dl class="py method definition">
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<dt class="sig sig-object py title" id="pygame.midi.Input.poll">
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<span class="sig-name descname"><span class="pre">poll</span></span><span class="sig-paren">(</span><span class="sig-paren">)</span><a class="headerlink" href="#pygame.midi.Input.poll" title="Permalink to this definition">¶</a></dt>
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<dd><div class="line-block">
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<div class="line"><span class="summaryline">returns True if there's data, or False if not.</span></div>
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<div class="line"><span class="signature">poll() -> bool</span></div>
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</div>
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<p>Used to indicate if any data exists.</p>
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<dl class="field-list simple">
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<dt class="field-odd">Returns</dt>
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<dd class="field-odd"><p><code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">True</span></code> if there is data, <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">False</span></code> otherwise</p>
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</dd>
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<dt class="field-even">Return type</dt>
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<dd class="field-even"><p>bool</p>
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</dd>
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<dt class="field-odd">Raises</dt>
|
|
<dd class="field-odd"><p><a class="reference internal" href="#pygame.midi.MidiException" title="pygame.midi.MidiException"><strong>MidiException</strong></a> -- on error</p>
|
|
</dd>
|
|
</dl>
|
|
</dd></dl>
|
|
|
|
<dl class="py method definition">
|
|
<dt class="sig sig-object py title" id="pygame.midi.Input.read">
|
|
<span class="sig-name descname"><span class="pre">read</span></span><span class="sig-paren">(</span><span class="sig-paren">)</span><a class="headerlink" href="#pygame.midi.Input.read" title="Permalink to this definition">¶</a></dt>
|
|
<dd><div class="line-block">
|
|
<div class="line"><span class="summaryline">reads num_events midi events from the buffer.</span></div>
|
|
<div class="line"><span class="signature">read(num_events) -> midi_event_list</span></div>
|
|
</div>
|
|
<p>Reads from the input buffer and gives back midi events.</p>
|
|
<dl class="field-list simple">
|
|
<dt class="field-odd">Parameters</dt>
|
|
<dd class="field-odd"><p><strong>num_events</strong> (<em>int</em>) -- number of input events to read</p>
|
|
</dd>
|
|
<dt class="field-even">Returns</dt>
|
|
<dd class="field-even"><p>the format for midi_event_list is
|
|
<code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">[[[status,</span> <span class="pre">data1,</span> <span class="pre">data2,</span> <span class="pre">data3],</span> <span class="pre">timestamp],</span> <span class="pre">...]</span></code></p>
|
|
</dd>
|
|
<dt class="field-odd">Return type</dt>
|
|
<dd class="field-odd"><p>list</p>
|
|
</dd>
|
|
</dl>
|
|
</dd></dl>
|
|
|
|
</dd></dl>
|
|
|
|
<dl class="py class definition">
|
|
<dt class="sig sig-object py title" id="pygame.midi.Output">
|
|
<span class="sig-prename descclassname"><span class="pre">pygame.midi.</span></span><span class="sig-name descname"><span class="pre">Output</span></span><a class="headerlink" href="#pygame.midi.Output" title="Permalink to this definition">¶</a></dt>
|
|
<dd><div class="line-block">
|
|
<div class="line"><span class="summaryline">Output is used to send midi to an output device</span></div>
|
|
<div class="line"><span class="signature">Output(device_id) -> None</span></div>
|
|
<div class="line"><span class="signature">Output(device_id, latency=0) -> None</span></div>
|
|
<div class="line"><span class="signature">Output(device_id, buffer_size=256) -> None</span></div>
|
|
<div class="line"><span class="signature">Output(device_id, latency, buffer_size) -> None</span></div>
|
|
</div>
|
|
<table class="toc docutils align-default">
|
|
<colgroup>
|
|
<col style="width: 36%" />
|
|
<col style="width: 1%" />
|
|
<col style="width: 63%" />
|
|
</colgroup>
|
|
<tbody>
|
|
<tr class="row-odd"><td><div class="line"><a class="toc reference external" href="midi.html#pygame.midi.Output.abort">pygame.midi.Output.abort</a></div>
|
|
</td>
|
|
<td>—</td>
|
|
<td>terminates outgoing messages immediately</td>
|
|
</tr>
|
|
<tr class="row-even"><td><div class="line"><a class="toc reference external" href="midi.html#pygame.midi.Output.close">pygame.midi.Output.close</a></div>
|
|
</td>
|
|
<td>—</td>
|
|
<td>closes a midi stream, flushing any pending buffers.</td>
|
|
</tr>
|
|
<tr class="row-odd"><td><div class="line"><a class="toc reference external" href="midi.html#pygame.midi.Output.note_off">pygame.midi.Output.note_off</a></div>
|
|
</td>
|
|
<td>—</td>
|
|
<td>turns a midi note off (note must be on)</td>
|
|
</tr>
|
|
<tr class="row-even"><td><div class="line"><a class="toc reference external" href="midi.html#pygame.midi.Output.note_on">pygame.midi.Output.note_on</a></div>
|
|
</td>
|
|
<td>—</td>
|
|
<td>turns a midi note on (note must be off)</td>
|
|
</tr>
|
|
<tr class="row-odd"><td><div class="line"><a class="toc reference external" href="midi.html#pygame.midi.Output.set_instrument">pygame.midi.Output.set_instrument</a></div>
|
|
</td>
|
|
<td>—</td>
|
|
<td>select an instrument, with a value between 0 and 127</td>
|
|
</tr>
|
|
<tr class="row-even"><td><div class="line"><a class="toc reference external" href="midi.html#pygame.midi.Output.pitch_bend">pygame.midi.Output.pitch_bend</a></div>
|
|
</td>
|
|
<td>—</td>
|
|
<td>modify the pitch of a channel.</td>
|
|
</tr>
|
|
<tr class="row-odd"><td><div class="line"><a class="toc reference external" href="midi.html#pygame.midi.Output.write">pygame.midi.Output.write</a></div>
|
|
</td>
|
|
<td>—</td>
|
|
<td>writes a list of midi data to the Output</td>
|
|
</tr>
|
|
<tr class="row-even"><td><div class="line"><a class="toc reference external" href="midi.html#pygame.midi.Output.write_short">pygame.midi.Output.write_short</a></div>
|
|
</td>
|
|
<td>—</td>
|
|
<td>writes up to 3 bytes of midi data to the Output</td>
|
|
</tr>
|
|
<tr class="row-odd"><td><div class="line"><a class="toc reference external" href="midi.html#pygame.midi.Output.write_sys_ex">pygame.midi.Output.write_sys_ex</a></div>
|
|
</td>
|
|
<td>—</td>
|
|
<td>writes a timestamped system-exclusive midi message.</td>
|
|
</tr>
|
|
</tbody>
|
|
</table>
|
|
<p>The <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">buffer_size</span></code> specifies the number of output events to be buffered
|
|
waiting for output. In some cases (see below) PortMidi does not buffer
|
|
output at all and merely passes data to a lower-level API, in which case
|
|
buffersize is ignored.</p>
|
|
<p><code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">latency</span></code> is the delay in milliseconds applied to timestamps to determine
|
|
when the output should actually occur. If <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">latency</span></code> is <<0, 0 is assumed.</p>
|
|
<p>If <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">latency</span></code> is zero, timestamps are ignored and all output is delivered
|
|
immediately. If <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">latency</span></code> is greater than zero, output is delayed until the
|
|
message timestamp plus the <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">latency</span></code>. In some cases, PortMidi can obtain
|
|
better timing than your application by passing timestamps along to the
|
|
device driver or hardware. Latency may also help you to synchronize midi
|
|
data to audio data by matching midi latency to the audio buffer latency.</p>
|
|
<div class="admonition note">
|
|
<p class="admonition-title">Note</p>
|
|
<p>Time is measured relative to the time source indicated by time_proc.
|
|
Timestamps are absolute, not relative delays or offsets.</p>
|
|
</div>
|
|
<dl class="py method definition">
|
|
<dt class="sig sig-object py title" id="pygame.midi.Output.abort">
|
|
<span class="sig-name descname"><span class="pre">abort</span></span><span class="sig-paren">(</span><span class="sig-paren">)</span><a class="headerlink" href="#pygame.midi.Output.abort" title="Permalink to this definition">¶</a></dt>
|
|
<dd><div class="line-block">
|
|
<div class="line"><span class="summaryline">terminates outgoing messages immediately</span></div>
|
|
<div class="line"><span class="signature">abort() -> None</span></div>
|
|
</div>
|
|
<p>The caller should immediately close the output port; this call may result
|
|
in transmission of a partial midi message. There is no abort for Midi
|
|
input because the user can simply ignore messages in the buffer and close
|
|
an input device at any time.</p>
|
|
</dd></dl>
|
|
|
|
<dl class="py method definition">
|
|
<dt class="sig sig-object py title" id="pygame.midi.Output.close">
|
|
<span class="sig-name descname"><span class="pre">close</span></span><span class="sig-paren">(</span><span class="sig-paren">)</span><a class="headerlink" href="#pygame.midi.Output.close" title="Permalink to this definition">¶</a></dt>
|
|
<dd><div class="line-block">
|
|
<div class="line"><span class="summaryline">closes a midi stream, flushing any pending buffers.</span></div>
|
|
<div class="line"><span class="signature">close() -> None</span></div>
|
|
</div>
|
|
<p>PortMidi attempts to close open streams when the application exits.</p>
|
|
<div class="admonition note">
|
|
<p class="admonition-title">Note</p>
|
|
<p>This is particularly difficult under Windows.</p>
|
|
</div>
|
|
</dd></dl>
|
|
|
|
<dl class="py method definition">
|
|
<dt class="sig sig-object py title" id="pygame.midi.Output.note_off">
|
|
<span class="sig-name descname"><span class="pre">note_off</span></span><span class="sig-paren">(</span><span class="sig-paren">)</span><a class="headerlink" href="#pygame.midi.Output.note_off" title="Permalink to this definition">¶</a></dt>
|
|
<dd><div class="line-block">
|
|
<div class="line"><span class="summaryline">turns a midi note off (note must be on)</span></div>
|
|
<div class="line"><span class="signature">note_off(note, velocity=None, channel=0) -> None</span></div>
|
|
</div>
|
|
<p>Turn a note off in the output stream. The note must already be on for
|
|
this to work correctly.</p>
|
|
</dd></dl>
|
|
|
|
<dl class="py method definition">
|
|
<dt class="sig sig-object py title" id="pygame.midi.Output.note_on">
|
|
<span class="sig-name descname"><span class="pre">note_on</span></span><span class="sig-paren">(</span><span class="sig-paren">)</span><a class="headerlink" href="#pygame.midi.Output.note_on" title="Permalink to this definition">¶</a></dt>
|
|
<dd><div class="line-block">
|
|
<div class="line"><span class="summaryline">turns a midi note on (note must be off)</span></div>
|
|
<div class="line"><span class="signature">note_on(note, velocity=None, channel=0) -> None</span></div>
|
|
</div>
|
|
<p>Turn a note on in the output stream. The note must already be off for
|
|
this to work correctly.</p>
|
|
</dd></dl>
|
|
|
|
<dl class="py method definition">
|
|
<dt class="sig sig-object py title" id="pygame.midi.Output.set_instrument">
|
|
<span class="sig-name descname"><span class="pre">set_instrument</span></span><span class="sig-paren">(</span><span class="sig-paren">)</span><a class="headerlink" href="#pygame.midi.Output.set_instrument" title="Permalink to this definition">¶</a></dt>
|
|
<dd><div class="line-block">
|
|
<div class="line"><span class="summaryline">select an instrument, with a value between 0 and 127</span></div>
|
|
<div class="line"><span class="signature">set_instrument(instrument_id, channel=0) -> None</span></div>
|
|
</div>
|
|
<p>Select an instrument.</p>
|
|
</dd></dl>
|
|
|
|
<dl class="py method definition">
|
|
<dt class="sig sig-object py title" id="pygame.midi.Output.pitch_bend">
|
|
<span class="sig-name descname"><span class="pre">pitch_bend</span></span><span class="sig-paren">(</span><span class="sig-paren">)</span><a class="headerlink" href="#pygame.midi.Output.pitch_bend" title="Permalink to this definition">¶</a></dt>
|
|
<dd><div class="line-block">
|
|
<div class="line"><span class="summaryline">modify the pitch of a channel.</span></div>
|
|
<div class="line"><span class="signature">set_instrument(value=0, channel=0) -> None</span></div>
|
|
</div>
|
|
<p>Adjust the pitch of a channel. The value is a signed integer
|
|
from -8192 to +8191. For example, 0 means "no change", +4096 is
|
|
typically a semitone higher, and -8192 is 1 whole tone lower (though
|
|
the musical range corresponding to the pitch bend range can also be
|
|
changed in some synthesizers).</p>
|
|
<p>If no value is given, the pitch bend is returned to "no change".</p>
|
|
<div class="versionadded">
|
|
<p><span class="versionmodified added">New in pygame 1.9.4.</span></p>
|
|
</div>
|
|
</dd></dl>
|
|
|
|
<dl class="py method definition">
|
|
<dt class="sig sig-object py title" id="pygame.midi.Output.write">
|
|
<span class="sig-name descname"><span class="pre">write</span></span><span class="sig-paren">(</span><span class="sig-paren">)</span><a class="headerlink" href="#pygame.midi.Output.write" title="Permalink to this definition">¶</a></dt>
|
|
<dd><div class="line-block">
|
|
<div class="line"><span class="summaryline">writes a list of midi data to the Output</span></div>
|
|
<div class="line"><span class="signature">write(data) -> None</span></div>
|
|
</div>
|
|
<p>Writes series of MIDI information in the form of a list.</p>
|
|
<dl class="field-list simple">
|
|
<dt class="field-odd">Parameters</dt>
|
|
<dd class="field-odd"><p><strong>data</strong> (<em>list</em>) -- data to write, the expected format is
|
|
<code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">[[[status,</span> <span class="pre">data1=0,</span> <span class="pre">data2=0,</span> <span class="pre">...],</span> <span class="pre">timestamp],</span> <span class="pre">...]</span></code>
|
|
with the <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">data#</span></code> fields being optional</p>
|
|
</dd>
|
|
<dt class="field-even">Raises</dt>
|
|
<dd class="field-even"><p><strong>IndexError</strong> -- if more than 1024 elements in the data list</p>
|
|
</dd>
|
|
</dl>
|
|
<p>Example:</p>
|
|
<div class="highlight-default notranslate"><div class="highlight"><pre><span></span><span class="c1"># Program change at time 20000 and 500ms later send note 65 with</span>
|
|
<span class="c1"># velocity 100.</span>
|
|
<span class="n">write</span><span class="p">([[[</span><span class="mh">0xc0</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">],</span> <span class="mi">20000</span><span class="p">],</span> <span class="p">[[</span><span class="mh">0x90</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="mi">60</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="mi">100</span><span class="p">],</span> <span class="mi">20500</span><span class="p">]])</span>
|
|
</pre></div>
|
|
</div>
|
|
<div class="admonition note">
|
|
<p class="admonition-title">Note</p>
|
|
<ul class="simple">
|
|
<li><p>Timestamps will be ignored if latency = 0</p></li>
|
|
<li><p>To get a note to play immediately, send MIDI info with timestamp
|
|
read from function Time</p></li>
|
|
<li><p>Optional data fields: <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">write([[[0xc0,</span> <span class="pre">0,</span> <span class="pre">0],</span> <span class="pre">20000]])</span></code> is
|
|
equivalent to <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">write([[[0xc0],</span> <span class="pre">20000]])</span></code></p></li>
|
|
</ul>
|
|
</div>
|
|
</dd></dl>
|
|
|
|
<dl class="py method definition">
|
|
<dt class="sig sig-object py title" id="pygame.midi.Output.write_short">
|
|
<span class="sig-name descname"><span class="pre">write_short</span></span><span class="sig-paren">(</span><span class="sig-paren">)</span><a class="headerlink" href="#pygame.midi.Output.write_short" title="Permalink to this definition">¶</a></dt>
|
|
<dd><div class="line-block">
|
|
<div class="line"><span class="summaryline">writes up to 3 bytes of midi data to the Output</span></div>
|
|
<div class="line"><span class="signature">write_short(status) -> None</span></div>
|
|
<div class="line"><span class="signature">write_short(status, data1=0, data2=0) -> None</span></div>
|
|
</div>
|
|
<p>Output MIDI information of 3 bytes or less. The <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">data</span></code> fields are
|
|
optional and assumed to be 0 if omitted.</p>
|
|
<p>Examples of status byte values:</p>
|
|
<div class="highlight-default notranslate"><div class="highlight"><pre><span></span><span class="mh">0xc0</span> <span class="c1"># program change</span>
|
|
<span class="mh">0x90</span> <span class="c1"># note on</span>
|
|
<span class="c1"># etc.</span>
|
|
</pre></div>
|
|
</div>
|
|
<p>Example:</p>
|
|
<div class="highlight-default notranslate"><div class="highlight"><pre><span></span><span class="c1"># note 65 on with velocity 100</span>
|
|
<span class="n">write_short</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="mh">0x90</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="mi">65</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="mi">100</span><span class="p">)</span>
|
|
</pre></div>
|
|
</div>
|
|
</dd></dl>
|
|
|
|
<dl class="py method definition">
|
|
<dt class="sig sig-object py title" id="pygame.midi.Output.write_sys_ex">
|
|
<span class="sig-name descname"><span class="pre">write_sys_ex</span></span><span class="sig-paren">(</span><span class="sig-paren">)</span><a class="headerlink" href="#pygame.midi.Output.write_sys_ex" title="Permalink to this definition">¶</a></dt>
|
|
<dd><div class="line-block">
|
|
<div class="line"><span class="summaryline">writes a timestamped system-exclusive midi message.</span></div>
|
|
<div class="line"><span class="signature">write_sys_ex(when, msg) -> None</span></div>
|
|
</div>
|
|
<p>Writes a timestamped system-exclusive midi message.</p>
|
|
<dl class="field-list simple">
|
|
<dt class="field-odd">Parameters</dt>
|
|
<dd class="field-odd"><ul class="simple">
|
|
<li><p><strong>msg</strong> (<em>list</em><em>[</em><em>int</em><em>] or </em><em>str</em>) -- midi message</p></li>
|
|
<li><p><strong>when</strong> -- timestamp in milliseconds</p></li>
|
|
</ul>
|
|
</dd>
|
|
</dl>
|
|
<p>Example:</p>
|
|
<div class="highlight-default notranslate"><div class="highlight"><pre><span></span><span class="n">midi_output</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">write_sys_ex</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="s1">'</span><span class="se">\xF0\x7D\x10\x11\x12\x13\xF7</span><span class="s1">'</span><span class="p">)</span>
|
|
|
|
<span class="c1"># is equivalent to</span>
|
|
|
|
<span class="n">midi_output</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">write_sys_ex</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">pygame</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">midi</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">time</span><span class="p">(),</span>
|
|
<span class="p">[</span><span class="mh">0xF0</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="mh">0x7D</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="mh">0x10</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="mh">0x11</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="mh">0x12</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="mh">0x13</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="mh">0xF7</span><span class="p">])</span>
|
|
</pre></div>
|
|
</div>
|
|
</dd></dl>
|
|
|
|
</dd></dl>
|
|
|
|
<dl class="py function definition">
|
|
<dt class="sig sig-object py title" id="pygame.midi.get_count">
|
|
<span class="sig-prename descclassname"><span class="pre">pygame.midi.</span></span><span class="sig-name descname"><span class="pre">get_count</span></span><span class="sig-paren">(</span><span class="sig-paren">)</span><a class="headerlink" href="#pygame.midi.get_count" title="Permalink to this definition">¶</a></dt>
|
|
<dd><div class="line-block">
|
|
<div class="line"><span class="summaryline">gets the number of devices.</span></div>
|
|
<div class="line"><span class="signature">get_count() -> num_devices</span></div>
|
|
</div>
|
|
<p>Device ids range from 0 to <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">get_count()</span> <span class="pre">-</span> <span class="pre">1</span></code></p>
|
|
</dd></dl>
|
|
|
|
<dl class="py function definition">
|
|
<dt class="sig sig-object py title" id="pygame.midi.get_default_input_id">
|
|
<span class="sig-prename descclassname"><span class="pre">pygame.midi.</span></span><span class="sig-name descname"><span class="pre">get_default_input_id</span></span><span class="sig-paren">(</span><span class="sig-paren">)</span><a class="headerlink" href="#pygame.midi.get_default_input_id" title="Permalink to this definition">¶</a></dt>
|
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<dd><div class="line-block">
|
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<div class="line"><span class="summaryline">gets default input device number</span></div>
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<div class="line"><span class="signature">get_default_input_id() -> default_id</span></div>
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</div>
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<p>The following describes the usage details for this function and the
|
|
<a class="reference internal" href="#pygame.midi.get_default_output_id" title="pygame.midi.get_default_output_id"><code class="xref py py-func docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">get_default_output_id()</span></code></a> function.</p>
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<p>Return the default device ID or <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">-1</span></code> if there are no devices. The result
|
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can be passed to the <a class="reference internal" href="#pygame.midi.Input" title="pygame.midi.Input"><code class="xref py py-class docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">Input</span></code></a>/<a class="reference internal" href="#pygame.midi.Output" title="pygame.midi.Output"><code class="xref py py-class docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">Output</span></code></a> class.</p>
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<p>On a PC the user can specify a default device by setting an environment
|
|
variable. To use device #1, for example:</p>
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<div class="highlight-default notranslate"><div class="highlight"><pre><span></span><span class="nb">set</span> <span class="n">PM_RECOMMENDED_INPUT_DEVICE</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="mi">1</span>
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<span class="ow">or</span>
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<span class="nb">set</span> <span class="n">PM_RECOMMENDED_OUTPUT_DEVICE</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="mi">1</span>
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</pre></div>
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</div>
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<p>The user should first determine the available device ID by using the
|
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supplied application "testin" or "testout".</p>
|
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<p>In general, the registry is a better place for this kind of info. With
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USB devices that can come and go, using integers is not very reliable
|
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for device identification. Under Windows, if <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">PM_RECOMMENDED_INPUT_DEVICE</span></code>
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(or <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">PM_RECOMMENDED_OUTPUT_DEVICE</span></code>) is NOT found in the environment,
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then the default device is obtained by looking for a string in the registry
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under:</p>
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<div class="highlight-default notranslate"><div class="highlight"><pre><span></span><span class="n">HKEY_LOCAL_MACHINE</span><span class="o">/</span><span class="n">SOFTWARE</span><span class="o">/</span><span class="n">PortMidi</span><span class="o">/</span><span class="n">Recommended_Input_Device</span>
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<span class="ow">or</span>
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<span class="n">HKEY_LOCAL_MACHINE</span><span class="o">/</span><span class="n">SOFTWARE</span><span class="o">/</span><span class="n">PortMidi</span><span class="o">/</span><span class="n">Recommended_Output_Device</span>
|
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</pre></div>
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|
</div>
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<p>The number of the first device with a substring that matches the
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|
string exactly is returned. For example, if the string in the registry is
|
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"USB" and device 1 is named "In USB MidiSport 1x1", then that will be
|
|
the default input because it contains the string "USB".</p>
|
|
<p>In addition to the name, <a class="reference internal" href="#pygame.midi.get_device_info" title="pygame.midi.get_device_info"><code class="xref py py-func docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">get_device_info()</span></code></a> returns "interf", which is
|
|
the interface name. The "interface" is the underlying software system or
|
|
API used by PortMidi to access devices. Supported interfaces:</p>
|
|
<div class="highlight-default notranslate"><div class="highlight"><pre><span></span><span class="n">MMSystem</span> <span class="c1"># the only Win32 interface currently supported</span>
|
|
<span class="n">ALSA</span> <span class="c1"># the only Linux interface currently supported</span>
|
|
<span class="n">CoreMIDI</span> <span class="c1"># the only Mac OS X interface currently supported</span>
|
|
<span class="c1"># DirectX - not implemented</span>
|
|
<span class="c1"># OSS - not implemented</span>
|
|
</pre></div>
|
|
</div>
|
|
<p>To specify both the interface and the device name in the registry, separate
|
|
the two with a comma and a space. The string before the comma must be a
|
|
substring of the "interf" string and the string after the space must be a
|
|
substring of the "name" name string in order to match the device. e.g.:</p>
|
|
<div class="highlight-default notranslate"><div class="highlight"><pre><span></span><span class="n">MMSystem</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">In</span> <span class="n">USB</span> <span class="n">MidiSport</span> <span class="mi">1</span><span class="n">x1</span>
|
|
</pre></div>
|
|
</div>
|
|
<div class="admonition note">
|
|
<p class="admonition-title">Note</p>
|
|
<p>In the current release, the default is simply the first device (the
|
|
input or output device with the lowest PmDeviceID).</p>
|
|
</div>
|
|
</dd></dl>
|
|
|
|
<dl class="py function definition">
|
|
<dt class="sig sig-object py title" id="pygame.midi.get_default_output_id">
|
|
<span class="sig-prename descclassname"><span class="pre">pygame.midi.</span></span><span class="sig-name descname"><span class="pre">get_default_output_id</span></span><span class="sig-paren">(</span><span class="sig-paren">)</span><a class="headerlink" href="#pygame.midi.get_default_output_id" title="Permalink to this definition">¶</a></dt>
|
|
<dd><div class="line-block">
|
|
<div class="line"><span class="summaryline">gets default output device number</span></div>
|
|
<div class="line"><span class="signature">get_default_output_id() -> default_id</span></div>
|
|
</div>
|
|
<p>See <a class="reference internal" href="#pygame.midi.get_default_input_id" title="pygame.midi.get_default_input_id"><code class="xref py py-func docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">get_default_input_id()</span></code></a> for usage details.</p>
|
|
</dd></dl>
|
|
|
|
<dl class="py function definition">
|
|
<dt class="sig sig-object py title" id="pygame.midi.get_device_info">
|
|
<span class="sig-prename descclassname"><span class="pre">pygame.midi.</span></span><span class="sig-name descname"><span class="pre">get_device_info</span></span><span class="sig-paren">(</span><span class="sig-paren">)</span><a class="headerlink" href="#pygame.midi.get_device_info" title="Permalink to this definition">¶</a></dt>
|
|
<dd><div class="line-block">
|
|
<div class="line"><span class="summaryline">returns information about a midi device</span></div>
|
|
<div class="line"><span class="signature">get_device_info(an_id) -> (interf, name, input, output, opened)</span></div>
|
|
<div class="line"><span class="signature">get_device_info(an_id) -> None</span></div>
|
|
</div>
|
|
<p>Gets the device info for a given id.</p>
|
|
<dl class="field-list simple">
|
|
<dt class="field-odd">Parameters</dt>
|
|
<dd class="field-odd"><p><strong>an_id</strong> (<em>int</em>) -- id of the midi device being queried</p>
|
|
</dd>
|
|
<dt class="field-even">Returns</dt>
|
|
<dd class="field-even"><p><p>if the id is out of range <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">None</span></code> is returned, otherwise
|
|
a tuple of (interf, name, input, output, opened) is returned.</p>
|
|
<blockquote>
|
|
<div><ul class="simple">
|
|
<li><p>interf: string describing the device interface (e.g. 'ALSA')</p></li>
|
|
<li><p>name: string name of the device (e.g. 'Midi Through Port-0')</p></li>
|
|
<li><p>input: 1 if the device is an input device, otherwise 0</p></li>
|
|
<li><p>output: 1 if the device is an output device, otherwise 0</p></li>
|
|
<li><p>opened: 1 if the device is opened, otherwise 0</p></li>
|
|
</ul>
|
|
</div></blockquote>
|
|
</p>
|
|
</dd>
|
|
<dt class="field-odd">Return type</dt>
|
|
<dd class="field-odd"><p>tuple or None</p>
|
|
</dd>
|
|
</dl>
|
|
</dd></dl>
|
|
|
|
<dl class="py function definition">
|
|
<dt class="sig sig-object py title" id="pygame.midi.midis2events">
|
|
<span class="sig-prename descclassname"><span class="pre">pygame.midi.</span></span><span class="sig-name descname"><span class="pre">midis2events</span></span><span class="sig-paren">(</span><span class="sig-paren">)</span><a class="headerlink" href="#pygame.midi.midis2events" title="Permalink to this definition">¶</a></dt>
|
|
<dd><div class="line-block">
|
|
<div class="line"><span class="summaryline">converts midi events to pygame events</span></div>
|
|
<div class="line"><span class="signature">midis2events(midi_events, device_id) -> [Event, ...]</span></div>
|
|
</div>
|
|
<p>Takes a sequence of midi events and returns list of pygame events.</p>
|
|
<p>The <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">midi_events</span></code> data is expected to be a sequence of
|
|
<code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">((status,</span> <span class="pre">data1,</span> <span class="pre">data2,</span> <span class="pre">data3),</span> <span class="pre">timestamp)</span></code> midi events (all values
|
|
required).</p>
|
|
<dl class="field-list simple">
|
|
<dt class="field-odd">Returns</dt>
|
|
<dd class="field-odd"><p>a list of pygame events of event type <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">MIDIIN</span></code></p>
|
|
</dd>
|
|
<dt class="field-even">Return type</dt>
|
|
<dd class="field-even"><p>list</p>
|
|
</dd>
|
|
</dl>
|
|
</dd></dl>
|
|
|
|
<dl class="py function definition">
|
|
<dt class="sig sig-object py title" id="pygame.midi.time">
|
|
<span class="sig-prename descclassname"><span class="pre">pygame.midi.</span></span><span class="sig-name descname"><span class="pre">time</span></span><span class="sig-paren">(</span><span class="sig-paren">)</span><a class="headerlink" href="#pygame.midi.time" title="Permalink to this definition">¶</a></dt>
|
|
<dd><div class="line-block">
|
|
<div class="line"><span class="summaryline">returns the current time in ms of the PortMidi timer</span></div>
|
|
<div class="line"><span class="signature">time() -> time</span></div>
|
|
</div>
|
|
<p>The time is reset to 0 when the <a class="tooltip reference internal" href="#module-pygame.midi" title=""><code class="xref py py-mod docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">pygame.midi</span></code><span class="tooltip-content">pygame module for interacting with midi input and output.</span></a> module is initialized.</p>
|
|
</dd></dl>
|
|
|
|
<dl class="py function definition">
|
|
<dt class="sig sig-object py title" id="pygame.midi.frequency_to_midi">
|
|
<span class="sig-prename descclassname"><span class="pre">pygame.midi.</span></span><span class="sig-name descname"><span class="pre">frequency_to_midi</span></span><span class="sig-paren">(</span><span class="sig-paren">)</span><a class="headerlink" href="#pygame.midi.frequency_to_midi" title="Permalink to this definition">¶</a></dt>
|
|
<dd><div class="line-block">
|
|
<div class="line"><span class="summaryline">Converts a frequency into a MIDI note. Rounds to the closest midi note.</span></div>
|
|
<div class="line"><span class="signature">frequency_to_midi(midi_note) -> midi_note</span></div>
|
|
</div>
|
|
<p>example:</p>
|
|
<div class="highlight-default notranslate"><div class="highlight"><pre><span></span><span class="n">frequency_to_midi</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="mf">27.5</span><span class="p">)</span> <span class="o">==</span> <span class="mi">21</span>
|
|
</pre></div>
|
|
</div>
|
|
<div class="versionadded">
|
|
<p><span class="versionmodified added">New in pygame 1.9.5.</span></p>
|
|
</div>
|
|
</dd></dl>
|
|
|
|
<dl class="py function definition">
|
|
<dt class="sig sig-object py title" id="pygame.midi.midi_to_frequency">
|
|
<span class="sig-prename descclassname"><span class="pre">pygame.midi.</span></span><span class="sig-name descname"><span class="pre">midi_to_frequency</span></span><span class="sig-paren">(</span><span class="sig-paren">)</span><a class="headerlink" href="#pygame.midi.midi_to_frequency" title="Permalink to this definition">¶</a></dt>
|
|
<dd><div class="line-block">
|
|
<div class="line"><span class="summaryline">Converts a midi note to a frequency.</span></div>
|
|
<div class="line"><span class="signature">midi_to_frequency(midi_note) -> frequency</span></div>
|
|
</div>
|
|
<p>example:</p>
|
|
<div class="highlight-default notranslate"><div class="highlight"><pre><span></span><span class="n">midi_to_frequency</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="mi">21</span><span class="p">)</span> <span class="o">==</span> <span class="mf">27.5</span>
|
|
</pre></div>
|
|
</div>
|
|
<div class="versionadded">
|
|
<p><span class="versionmodified added">New in pygame 1.9.5.</span></p>
|
|
</div>
|
|
</dd></dl>
|
|
|
|
<dl class="py function definition">
|
|
<dt class="sig sig-object py title" id="pygame.midi.midi_to_ansi_note">
|
|
<span class="sig-prename descclassname"><span class="pre">pygame.midi.</span></span><span class="sig-name descname"><span class="pre">midi_to_ansi_note</span></span><span class="sig-paren">(</span><span class="sig-paren">)</span><a class="headerlink" href="#pygame.midi.midi_to_ansi_note" title="Permalink to this definition">¶</a></dt>
|
|
<dd><div class="line-block">
|
|
<div class="line"><span class="summaryline">Returns the Ansi Note name for a midi number.</span></div>
|
|
<div class="line"><span class="signature">midi_to_ansi_note(midi_note) -> ansi_note</span></div>
|
|
</div>
|
|
<p>example:</p>
|
|
<div class="highlight-default notranslate"><div class="highlight"><pre><span></span><span class="n">midi_to_ansi_note</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="mi">21</span><span class="p">)</span> <span class="o">==</span> <span class="s1">'A0'</span>
|
|
</pre></div>
|
|
</div>
|
|
<div class="versionadded">
|
|
<p><span class="versionmodified added">New in pygame 1.9.5.</span></p>
|
|
</div>
|
|
</dd></dl>
|
|
|
|
<dl class="py exception definition">
|
|
<dt class="sig sig-object py title" id="pygame.midi.MidiException">
|
|
<em class="property"><span class="pre">exception</span><span class="w"> </span></em><span class="sig-prename descclassname"><span class="pre">pygame.midi.</span></span><span class="sig-name descname"><span class="pre">MidiException</span></span><a class="headerlink" href="#pygame.midi.MidiException" title="Permalink to this definition">¶</a></dt>
|
|
<dd><div class="line-block">
|
|
<div class="line"><span class="summaryline">exception that pygame.midi functions and classes can raise</span></div>
|
|
<div class="line"><span class="signature">MidiException(errno) -> None</span></div>
|
|
</div>
|
|
</dd></dl>
|
|
|
|
</dd></dl>
|
|
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</section>
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<br /><br />
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<hr />
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<a href="https://github.com/pygame/pygame/edit/main/docs/reST/ref\midi.rst" rel="nofollow">Edit on GitHub</a>
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