{ "cells": [ { "cell_type": "markdown", "metadata": { "slideshow": { "slide_type": "slide" } }, "source": [ "# Python: podstaw ciąg dalszy\n", "\n", "## Tomasz Dwojak\n", "\n", "### 2 grudnia 2017" ] }, { "cell_type": "markdown", "metadata": { "slideshow": { "slide_type": "slide" } }, "source": [ "## Co już znamy?\n", " * podstawowe typy danych i operacje na nich\n", " * Instrukcje sterujące: ``if``, ``for``\n", " * pisanie funkcji\n", "\n" ] }, { "cell_type": "markdown", "metadata": { "slideshow": { "slide_type": "fragment" } }, "source": [ "## Co na dziś?\n", "\n", " * ``tuple`` i ``set``,\n", " * operacje na plikach,\n", " * coś więcej o funkcjach\n", " * korzystanie z bibliotek\n", " * przegląd najważniejszych bibliotek" ] }, { "cell_type": "code", "execution_count": null, "metadata": { "slideshow": { "slide_type": "slide" } }, "outputs": [], "source": [ "def dwojak(x): x *= 2\n", " \n", "l = [1, 2, 3]\n", "s = \"123\"\n", "\n", "dwojak(l)\n", "dwojak(s)\n", "\n", "print(l)\n", "print(s)" ] }, { "cell_type": "markdown", "metadata": { "slideshow": { "slide_type": "slide" } }, "source": [ "## Mutable i Immutable\n", "\n", "### Mutable\n", " * listy,\n", " * słowniki,\n", " * sety,\n", " * własnoręcznie zdefiniowane klasy.\n", " \n", "### Immutable\n", " * liczby: inty i floaty,\n", " * napisy,\n", " * tuple." ] }, { "cell_type": "markdown", "metadata": { "slideshow": { "slide_type": "slide" } }, "source": [ "## Nieoczywistości" ] }, { "cell_type": "code", "execution_count": 2, "metadata": { "slideshow": { "slide_type": "slide" } }, "outputs": [ { "name": "stdout", "output_type": "stream", "text": [ "[1, 2, 3, 1, 2, 3]\n[1, 2, 3]\n" ] } ], "source": [ "def dwojak1(x): x *= 2\n", "def dwojak2(x): x = x * 2\n", "\n", "l = [1,2, 3]\n", "dwojak1(l)\n", "print(l)\n", "\n", "l = [1,2, 3]\n", "dwojak2(l)\n", "print(l)" ] }, { "cell_type": "code", "execution_count": 3, "metadata": { "slideshow": { "slide_type": "slide" } }, "outputs": [ { "name": "stdout", "output_type": "stream", "text": [ "[1, 2, 3, 4]\n" ] } ], "source": [ "l = [1, 2, 3]\n", "e = l\n", "e.append(4)\n", "print(l)" ] }, { "cell_type": "code", "execution_count": 4, "metadata": { "slideshow": { "slide_type": "slide" } }, "outputs": [ { "name": "stdout", "output_type": "stream", "text": [ "[[1], [1], [1]]\n" ] } ], "source": [ "e = []\n", "f = [e for i in range(3)]\n", "f[0].append(1)\n", "print(f)" ] }, { "cell_type": "markdown", "metadata": { "slideshow": { "slide_type": "slide" } }, "source": [ "## To może ``tuple``?\n", " * stały rozmiar,\n", " * immutable,\n", " * mogą być kluczami w słownikach" ] }, { "cell_type": "code", "execution_count": 5, "metadata": { "slideshow": { "slide_type": "slide" } }, "outputs": [ { "name": "stdout", "output_type": "stream", "text": [ "(1, 'napis', None)\n3\n" ] } ], "source": [ "t = (1, \"napis\", None)\n", "elem = t[0]\n", "print(t)\n", "print(len(t))" ] }, { "cell_type": "markdown", "metadata": { "slideshow": { "slide_type": "slide" } }, "source": [ "## Funkcje cz. 2" ] }, { "cell_type": "code", "execution_count": 6, "metadata": { "slideshow": { "slide_type": "fragment" } }, "outputs": [ { "name": "stdout", "output_type": "stream", "text": [ "15\na == 1\nb == (3, 4)\n" ] } ], "source": [ "def suma(*args):\n", " return sum(args)\n", "print(suma(1,2,3,4,5))\n", "\n", "def greet_me(**kwargs):\n", " if kwargs is not None:\n", " for key, value in kwargs.items():\n", " print(\"%s == %s\" %(key,value))\n", "greet_me(a=1, b=(3,4))" ] }, { "cell_type": "markdown", "metadata": { "slideshow": { "slide_type": "slide" } }, "source": [ "## Generatory" ] }, { "cell_type": "code", "execution_count": 7, "metadata": { "slideshow": { "slide_type": "fragment" } }, "outputs": [ { "name": "stdout", "output_type": "stream", "text": [ "a\nb\nc\nd\n" ] } ], "source": [ "def alfaRange(x, y):\n", " for i in range(ord(x), ord(y)):\n", " yield chr(i)\n", "\n", "for c in alfaRange('a', 'e'):\n", " print(c)" ] }, { "cell_type": "markdown", "metadata": { "slideshow": { "slide_type": "slide" } }, "source": [ "## Operacje na plikach" ] }, { "cell_type": "code", "execution_count": 8, "metadata": { "slideshow": { "slide_type": "fragment" } }, "outputs": [ { "name": "stdout", "output_type": "stream", "text": [ "W Paryżu najlepsze kasztany są na placu Pigalle\nZuzanna lubi je tylko jesienią.\n\n" ] } ], "source": [ "plik = open(\"J:\\PycharmProjects\\Python2017\\labs03\\haslo.txt\", 'r')\n", "for linia in plik.readlines():\n", " print(linia.strip())\n", "print(plik.read()) # odczytuje \n", "plik.close()" ] }, { "cell_type": "code", "execution_count": null, "metadata": { "slideshow": { "slide_type": "slide" } }, "outputs": [], "source": [ "with open(\"haslo.txt\", 'r') as plik:\n", " for linia in plik.readlines():\n", " print(linia)\n", "# print(plik.read())" ] }, { "cell_type": "code", "execution_count": null, "metadata": { "collapsed": true, "slideshow": { "slide_type": "slide" } }, "outputs": [], "source": [ "with open(\"haslo2.txt\", 'w') as plik:\n", " for word in ('corect', 'horse', 'battery', 'staple'):\n", " plik.write(word)\n", " plik.write('\\n')\n", "with open(\"haslo2.txt\", 'w+') as plik:\n", " plik.writelines([' '.join(('corect', 'horse', 'battery', 'staple'))])" ] }, { "cell_type": "markdown", "metadata": { "slideshow": { "slide_type": "slide" } }, "source": [ "# Korzystanie z modułów" ] }, { "cell_type": "markdown", "metadata": { "slideshow": { "slide_type": "slide" } }, "source": [ "## Importowanie" ] }, { "cell_type": "code", "execution_count": null, "metadata": { "slideshow": { "slide_type": "fragment" } }, "outputs": [], "source": [ "import os\n", "print(os.name)\n", "\n", "from os import getenv\n", "print('Nazwa uzytkownika: {}'.format(getenv(\"USER\")))" ] }, { "cell_type": "code", "execution_count": null, "metadata": { "slideshow": { "slide_type": "slide" } }, "outputs": [], "source": [ "from collections import *\n", "print(Counter(\"konstantynopolitańczykowianeczka\"))\n", "\n", "import numpy as np\n", "np.array([[1, 3, 4, 5]], dtype='float32')" ] }, { "cell_type": "markdown", "metadata": { "collapsed": true, "slideshow": { "slide_type": "slide" } }, "source": [ "## Instalacja\n", "\n", " * lokalnie (per użytkownik) lub globalnie\n", " * pyCharm lub linia komend, np. ``pip install --user flask`` lub ``python -m pip install --user flask``" ] }, { "cell_type": "markdown", "metadata": { "slideshow": { "slide_type": "slide" } }, "source": [ "## Wczytywanie z klawiatury" ] }, { "cell_type": "code", "execution_count": null, "metadata": { "slideshow": { "slide_type": "fragment" } }, "outputs": [], "source": [ "name = input(\"What's your name?\\n\")\n", "print(\"Welcome home, {}.\".format(name))" ] }, { "cell_type": "code", "execution_count": null, "metadata": { "slideshow": { "slide_type": "slide" } }, "outputs": [], "source": [ "liczby = eval(input(\"Podaj liczby\"))\n", "print(sum(liczby))" ] }, { "cell_type": "markdown", "metadata": { "slideshow": { "slide_type": "slide" } }, "source": [ "## Co ominąłem?\n", "\n", " * klasy (jutro)\n", " * podział programu na pliki (jutro)\n", " " ] }, { "cell_type": "code", "execution_count": null, "metadata": { "collapsed": true }, "outputs": [], "source": [] } ], "metadata": { "celltoolbar": "Slideshow", "kernelspec": { "display_name": "Python 3", "language": "python", "name": "python3" }, "language_info": { "codemirror_mode": { "name": "ipython", "version": 3 }, "file_extension": ".py", "mimetype": "text/x-python", "name": "python", "nbconvert_exporter": "python", "pygments_lexer": "ipython3", "version": "3.6.3" } }, "nbformat": 4, "nbformat_minor": 2 }