2766 lines
97 KiB
Python
2766 lines
97 KiB
Python
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"""
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The figure module provides the top-level
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:class:`~matplotlib.artist.Artist`, the :class:`Figure`, which
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contains all the plot elements. The following classes are defined
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:class:`SubplotParams`
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control the default spacing of the subplots
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:class:`Figure`
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Top level container for all plot elements.
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"""
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import logging
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from numbers import Integral
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import numpy as np
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from matplotlib import rcParams
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from matplotlib import backends, docstring, projections
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from matplotlib import __version__ as _mpl_version
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from matplotlib import get_backend
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import matplotlib.artist as martist
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from matplotlib.artist import Artist, allow_rasterization
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from matplotlib.backend_bases import FigureCanvasBase
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import matplotlib.cbook as cbook
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import matplotlib.colorbar as cbar
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import matplotlib.image as mimage
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from matplotlib.axes import Axes, SubplotBase, subplot_class_factory
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from matplotlib.blocking_input import BlockingMouseInput, BlockingKeyMouseInput
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from matplotlib.gridspec import GridSpec
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import matplotlib.legend as mlegend
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from matplotlib.patches import Rectangle
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from matplotlib.projections import (get_projection_names,
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process_projection_requirements)
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from matplotlib.text import Text, TextWithDash
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from matplotlib.transforms import (Affine2D, Bbox, BboxTransformTo,
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TransformedBbox)
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import matplotlib._layoutbox as layoutbox
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from matplotlib.backend_bases import NonGuiException
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_log = logging.getLogger(__name__)
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docstring.interpd.update(projection_names=get_projection_names())
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def _stale_figure_callback(self, val):
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if self.figure:
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self.figure.stale = val
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class AxesStack(cbook.Stack):
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"""
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Specialization of the `.Stack` to handle all tracking of
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`~matplotlib.axes.Axes` in a `.Figure`.
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This stack stores ``key, (ind, axes)`` pairs, where:
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* **key** should be a hash of the args and kwargs
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used in generating the Axes.
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* **ind** is a serial number for tracking the order
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in which axes were added.
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The AxesStack is a callable, where ``ax_stack()`` returns
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the current axes. Alternatively the :meth:`current_key_axes` will
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return the current key and associated axes.
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"""
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def __init__(self):
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super().__init__()
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self._ind = 0
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def as_list(self):
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"""
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Return a list of the Axes instances that have been added to the figure.
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"""
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ia_list = [a for k, a in self._elements]
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ia_list.sort()
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return [a for i, a in ia_list]
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def get(self, key):
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"""
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Return the Axes instance that was added with *key*.
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If it is not present, return *None*.
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"""
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item = dict(self._elements).get(key)
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if item is None:
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return None
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cbook.warn_deprecated(
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"2.1",
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message="Adding an axes using the same arguments as a previous "
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"axes currently reuses the earlier instance. In a future "
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"version, a new instance will always be created and returned. "
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"Meanwhile, this warning can be suppressed, and the future "
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"behavior ensured, by passing a unique label to each axes "
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"instance.")
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return item[1]
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def _entry_from_axes(self, e):
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ind, k = {a: (ind, k) for k, (ind, a) in self._elements}[e]
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return (k, (ind, e))
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def remove(self, a):
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"""Remove the axes from the stack."""
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super().remove(self._entry_from_axes(a))
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def bubble(self, a):
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"""
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Move the given axes, which must already exist in the
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stack, to the top.
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"""
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return super().bubble(self._entry_from_axes(a))
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def add(self, key, a):
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"""
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Add Axes *a*, with key *key*, to the stack, and return the stack.
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If *key* is unhashable, replace it by a unique, arbitrary object.
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If *a* is already on the stack, don't add it again, but
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return *None*.
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"""
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# All the error checking may be unnecessary; but this method
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# is called so seldom that the overhead is negligible.
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if not isinstance(a, Axes):
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raise ValueError("second argument, {!r}, is not an Axes".format(a))
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try:
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hash(key)
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except TypeError:
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key = object()
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a_existing = self.get(key)
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if a_existing is not None:
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super().remove((key, a_existing))
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cbook._warn_external(
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"key {!r} already existed; Axes is being replaced".format(key))
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# I don't think the above should ever happen.
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if a in self:
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return None
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self._ind += 1
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return super().push((key, (self._ind, a)))
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def current_key_axes(self):
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"""
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Return a tuple of ``(key, axes)`` for the active axes.
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If no axes exists on the stack, then returns ``(None, None)``.
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"""
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if not len(self._elements):
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return self._default, self._default
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else:
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key, (index, axes) = self._elements[self._pos]
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return key, axes
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def __call__(self):
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return self.current_key_axes()[1]
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def __contains__(self, a):
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return a in self.as_list()
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class SubplotParams(object):
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"""
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A class to hold the parameters for a subplot.
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"""
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def __init__(self, left=None, bottom=None, right=None, top=None,
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wspace=None, hspace=None):
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"""
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All dimensions are fractions of the figure width or height.
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Defaults are given by :rc:`figure.subplot.[name]`.
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Parameters
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----------
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left : float
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The left side of the subplots of the figure.
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right : float
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The right side of the subplots of the figure.
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bottom : float
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The bottom of the subplots of the figure.
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top : float
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The top of the subplots of the figure.
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wspace : float
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The amount of width reserved for space between subplots,
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expressed as a fraction of the average axis width.
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hspace : float
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The amount of height reserved for space between subplots,
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expressed as a fraction of the average axis height.
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"""
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self.validate = True
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self.update(left, bottom, right, top, wspace, hspace)
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def update(self, left=None, bottom=None, right=None, top=None,
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wspace=None, hspace=None):
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"""
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Update the dimensions of the passed parameters. *None* means unchanged.
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"""
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thisleft = getattr(self, 'left', None)
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thisright = getattr(self, 'right', None)
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thistop = getattr(self, 'top', None)
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thisbottom = getattr(self, 'bottom', None)
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thiswspace = getattr(self, 'wspace', None)
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thishspace = getattr(self, 'hspace', None)
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self._update_this('left', left)
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self._update_this('right', right)
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self._update_this('bottom', bottom)
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self._update_this('top', top)
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self._update_this('wspace', wspace)
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self._update_this('hspace', hspace)
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def reset():
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self.left = thisleft
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self.right = thisright
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self.top = thistop
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self.bottom = thisbottom
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self.wspace = thiswspace
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self.hspace = thishspace
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if self.validate:
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if self.left >= self.right:
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reset()
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raise ValueError('left cannot be >= right')
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if self.bottom >= self.top:
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reset()
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raise ValueError('bottom cannot be >= top')
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def _update_this(self, s, val):
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if val is None:
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val = getattr(self, s, None)
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if val is None:
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key = 'figure.subplot.' + s
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val = rcParams[key]
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setattr(self, s, val)
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class Figure(Artist):
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"""
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The top level container for all the plot elements.
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The Figure instance supports callbacks through a *callbacks* attribute
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which is a `.CallbackRegistry` instance. The events you can connect to
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are 'dpi_changed', and the callback will be called with ``func(fig)`` where
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fig is the `Figure` instance.
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Attributes
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----------
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patch
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The `.Rectangle` instance representing the figure background patch.
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suppressComposite
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For multiple figure images, the figure will make composite images
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depending on the renderer option_image_nocomposite function. If
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*suppressComposite* is a boolean, this will override the renderer.
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"""
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def __str__(self):
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return "Figure(%gx%g)" % tuple(self.bbox.size)
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def __repr__(self):
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return "<{clsname} size {h:g}x{w:g} with {naxes} Axes>".format(
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clsname=self.__class__.__name__,
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h=self.bbox.size[0], w=self.bbox.size[1],
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naxes=len(self.axes),
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)
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def __init__(self,
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figsize=None,
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dpi=None,
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facecolor=None,
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edgecolor=None,
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linewidth=0.0,
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frameon=None,
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subplotpars=None, # default to rc
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tight_layout=None, # default to rc figure.autolayout
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constrained_layout=None, # default to rc
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#figure.constrained_layout.use
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):
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"""
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Parameters
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----------
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figsize : 2-tuple of floats, default: :rc:`figure.figsize`
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Figure dimension ``(width, height)`` in inches.
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dpi : float, default: :rc:`figure.dpi`
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Dots per inch.
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facecolor : default: :rc:`figure.facecolor`
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The figure patch facecolor.
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edgecolor : default: :rc:`figure.edgecolor`
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The figure patch edge color.
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linewidth : float
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The linewidth of the frame (i.e. the edge linewidth of the figure
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patch).
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frameon : bool, default: :rc:`figure.frameon`
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If ``False``, suppress drawing the figure background patch.
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subplotpars : :class:`SubplotParams`
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Subplot parameters. If not given, the default subplot
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parameters :rc:`figure.subplot.*` are used.
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tight_layout : bool or dict, default: :rc:`figure.autolayout`
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If ``False`` use *subplotpars*. If ``True`` adjust subplot
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parameters using `.tight_layout` with default padding.
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When providing a dict containing the keys ``pad``, ``w_pad``,
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``h_pad``, and ``rect``, the default `.tight_layout` paddings
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will be overridden.
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constrained_layout : bool
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If ``True`` use constrained layout to adjust positioning of plot
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elements. Like ``tight_layout``, but designed to be more
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flexible. See
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:doc:`/tutorials/intermediate/constrainedlayout_guide`
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for examples. (Note: does not work with :meth:`.subplot` or
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:meth:`.subplot2grid`.)
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Defaults to :rc:`figure.constrained_layout.use`.
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"""
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super().__init__()
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# remove the non-figure artist _axes property
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# as it makes no sense for a figure to be _in_ an axes
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# this is used by the property methods in the artist base class
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# which are over-ridden in this class
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del self._axes
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self.callbacks = cbook.CallbackRegistry()
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if figsize is None:
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figsize = rcParams['figure.figsize']
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if dpi is None:
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dpi = rcParams['figure.dpi']
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if facecolor is None:
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facecolor = rcParams['figure.facecolor']
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if edgecolor is None:
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edgecolor = rcParams['figure.edgecolor']
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if frameon is None:
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frameon = rcParams['figure.frameon']
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if not np.isfinite(figsize).all():
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raise ValueError('figure size must be finite not '
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'{}'.format(figsize))
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self.bbox_inches = Bbox.from_bounds(0, 0, *figsize)
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self.dpi_scale_trans = Affine2D().scale(dpi, dpi)
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# do not use property as it will trigger
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self._dpi = dpi
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self.bbox = TransformedBbox(self.bbox_inches, self.dpi_scale_trans)
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self.transFigure = BboxTransformTo(self.bbox)
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self.patch = Rectangle(
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xy=(0, 0), width=1, height=1,
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facecolor=facecolor, edgecolor=edgecolor, linewidth=linewidth,
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visible=frameon)
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self._set_artist_props(self.patch)
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self.patch.set_antialiased(False)
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FigureCanvasBase(self) # Set self.canvas.
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self._suptitle = None
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if subplotpars is None:
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subplotpars = SubplotParams()
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||
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self.subplotpars = subplotpars
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# constrained_layout:
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self._layoutbox = None
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# set in set_constrained_layout_pads()
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self.set_constrained_layout(constrained_layout)
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self.set_tight_layout(tight_layout)
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||
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self._axstack = AxesStack() # track all figure axes and current axes
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self.clf()
|
||
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self._cachedRenderer = None
|
||
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|
|
# groupers to keep track of x and y labels we want to align.
|
||
|
|
# see self.align_xlabels and self.align_ylabels and
|
||
|
|
# axis._get_tick_boxes_siblings
|
||
|
|
self._align_xlabel_grp = cbook.Grouper()
|
||
|
|
self._align_ylabel_grp = cbook.Grouper()
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
# list of child gridspecs for this figure
|
||
|
|
self._gridspecs = []
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
# TODO: I'd like to dynamically add the _repr_html_ method
|
||
|
|
# to the figure in the right context, but then IPython doesn't
|
||
|
|
# use it, for some reason.
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
def _repr_html_(self):
|
||
|
|
# We can't use "isinstance" here, because then we'd end up importing
|
||
|
|
# webagg unconditionally.
|
||
|
|
if 'WebAgg' in type(self.canvas).__name__:
|
||
|
|
from matplotlib.backends import backend_webagg
|
||
|
|
return backend_webagg.ipython_inline_display(self)
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
def show(self, warn=True):
|
||
|
|
"""
|
||
|
|
If using a GUI backend with pyplot, display the figure window.
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
If the figure was not created using
|
||
|
|
:func:`~matplotlib.pyplot.figure`, it will lack a
|
||
|
|
:class:`~matplotlib.backend_bases.FigureManagerBase`, and
|
||
|
|
will raise an AttributeError.
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
.. warning::
|
||
|
|
This does not manage an GUI event loop. Consequently, the figure
|
||
|
|
may only be shown briefly or not shown at all if you or your
|
||
|
|
environment are not managing an event loop.
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
Proper use cases for `.Figure.show` include running this from a
|
||
|
|
GUI application or an IPython shell.
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
If you're running a pure python shell or executing a non-GUI
|
||
|
|
python script, you should use `matplotlib.pyplot.show` instead,
|
||
|
|
which takes care of managing the event loop for you.
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
Parameters
|
||
|
|
----------
|
||
|
|
warn : bool
|
||
|
|
If ``True`` and we are not running headless (i.e. on Linux with an
|
||
|
|
unset DISPLAY), issue warning when called on a non-GUI backend.
|
||
|
|
"""
|
||
|
|
try:
|
||
|
|
manager = getattr(self.canvas, 'manager')
|
||
|
|
except AttributeError as err:
|
||
|
|
raise AttributeError("%s\n"
|
||
|
|
"Figure.show works only "
|
||
|
|
"for figures managed by pyplot, normally "
|
||
|
|
"created by pyplot.figure()." % err)
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
if manager is not None:
|
||
|
|
try:
|
||
|
|
manager.show()
|
||
|
|
return
|
||
|
|
except NonGuiException:
|
||
|
|
pass
|
||
|
|
if (backends._get_running_interactive_framework() != "headless"
|
||
|
|
and warn):
|
||
|
|
cbook._warn_external('Matplotlib is currently using %s, which is '
|
||
|
|
'a non-GUI backend, so cannot show the '
|
||
|
|
'figure.' % get_backend())
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
def _get_axes(self):
|
||
|
|
return self._axstack.as_list()
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
axes = property(fget=_get_axes,
|
||
|
|
doc="List of axes in the Figure. You can access the "
|
||
|
|
"axes in the Figure through this list. "
|
||
|
|
"Do not modify the list itself. Instead, use "
|
||
|
|
"`~Figure.add_axes`, `~.Figure.subplot` or "
|
||
|
|
"`~.Figure.delaxes` to add or remove an axes.")
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
def _get_dpi(self):
|
||
|
|
return self._dpi
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
def _set_dpi(self, dpi, forward=True):
|
||
|
|
"""
|
||
|
|
Parameters
|
||
|
|
----------
|
||
|
|
dpi : float
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
forward : bool
|
||
|
|
Passed on to `~.Figure.set_size_inches`
|
||
|
|
"""
|
||
|
|
self._dpi = dpi
|
||
|
|
self.dpi_scale_trans.clear().scale(dpi, dpi)
|
||
|
|
w, h = self.get_size_inches()
|
||
|
|
self.set_size_inches(w, h, forward=forward)
|
||
|
|
self.callbacks.process('dpi_changed', self)
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
dpi = property(_get_dpi, _set_dpi, doc="The resolution in dots per inch.")
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
def get_tight_layout(self):
|
||
|
|
"""Return whether `.tight_layout` is called when drawing."""
|
||
|
|
return self._tight
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
def set_tight_layout(self, tight):
|
||
|
|
"""
|
||
|
|
Set whether and how `.tight_layout` is called when drawing.
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
Parameters
|
||
|
|
----------
|
||
|
|
tight : bool or dict with keys "pad", "w_pad", "h_pad", "rect" or None
|
||
|
|
If a bool, sets whether to call `.tight_layout` upon drawing.
|
||
|
|
If ``None``, use the ``figure.autolayout`` rcparam instead.
|
||
|
|
If a dict, pass it as kwargs to `.tight_layout`, overriding the
|
||
|
|
default paddings.
|
||
|
|
"""
|
||
|
|
if tight is None:
|
||
|
|
tight = rcParams['figure.autolayout']
|
||
|
|
self._tight = bool(tight)
|
||
|
|
self._tight_parameters = tight if isinstance(tight, dict) else {}
|
||
|
|
self.stale = True
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
def get_constrained_layout(self):
|
||
|
|
"""
|
||
|
|
Return a boolean: True means constrained layout is being used.
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
See :doc:`/tutorials/intermediate/constrainedlayout_guide`.
|
||
|
|
"""
|
||
|
|
return self._constrained
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
def set_constrained_layout(self, constrained):
|
||
|
|
"""
|
||
|
|
Set whether ``constrained_layout`` is used upon drawing. If None,
|
||
|
|
the rcParams['figure.constrained_layout.use'] value will be used.
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
When providing a dict containing the keys `w_pad`, `h_pad`
|
||
|
|
the default ``constrained_layout`` paddings will be
|
||
|
|
overridden. These pads are in inches and default to 3.0/72.0.
|
||
|
|
``w_pad`` is the width padding and ``h_pad`` is the height padding.
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
See :doc:`/tutorials/intermediate/constrainedlayout_guide`.
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
Parameters
|
||
|
|
----------
|
||
|
|
constrained : bool or dict or None
|
||
|
|
"""
|
||
|
|
self._constrained_layout_pads = dict()
|
||
|
|
self._constrained_layout_pads['w_pad'] = None
|
||
|
|
self._constrained_layout_pads['h_pad'] = None
|
||
|
|
self._constrained_layout_pads['wspace'] = None
|
||
|
|
self._constrained_layout_pads['hspace'] = None
|
||
|
|
if constrained is None:
|
||
|
|
constrained = rcParams['figure.constrained_layout.use']
|
||
|
|
self._constrained = bool(constrained)
|
||
|
|
if isinstance(constrained, dict):
|
||
|
|
self.set_constrained_layout_pads(**constrained)
|
||
|
|
else:
|
||
|
|
self.set_constrained_layout_pads()
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
self.stale = True
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
def set_constrained_layout_pads(self, **kwargs):
|
||
|
|
"""
|
||
|
|
Set padding for ``constrained_layout``. Note the kwargs can be passed
|
||
|
|
as a dictionary ``fig.set_constrained_layout(**paddict)``.
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
See :doc:`/tutorials/intermediate/constrainedlayout_guide`.
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
Parameters
|
||
|
|
----------
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
w_pad : scalar
|
||
|
|
Width padding in inches. This is the pad around axes
|
||
|
|
and is meant to make sure there is enough room for fonts to
|
||
|
|
look good. Defaults to 3 pts = 0.04167 inches
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
h_pad : scalar
|
||
|
|
Height padding in inches. Defaults to 3 pts.
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
wspace : scalar
|
||
|
|
Width padding between subplots, expressed as a fraction of the
|
||
|
|
subplot width. The total padding ends up being w_pad + wspace.
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
hspace : scalar
|
||
|
|
Height padding between subplots, expressed as a fraction of the
|
||
|
|
subplot width. The total padding ends up being h_pad + hspace.
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
"""
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
todo = ['w_pad', 'h_pad', 'wspace', 'hspace']
|
||
|
|
for td in todo:
|
||
|
|
if td in kwargs and kwargs[td] is not None:
|
||
|
|
self._constrained_layout_pads[td] = kwargs[td]
|
||
|
|
else:
|
||
|
|
self._constrained_layout_pads[td] = (
|
||
|
|
rcParams['figure.constrained_layout.' + td])
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
def get_constrained_layout_pads(self, relative=False):
|
||
|
|
"""
|
||
|
|
Get padding for ``constrained_layout``.
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
Returns a list of `w_pad, h_pad` in inches and
|
||
|
|
`wspace` and `hspace` as fractions of the subplot.
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
See :doc:`/tutorials/intermediate/constrainedlayout_guide`.
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
Parameters
|
||
|
|
----------
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
relative : boolean
|
||
|
|
If `True`, then convert from inches to figure relative.
|
||
|
|
"""
|
||
|
|
w_pad = self._constrained_layout_pads['w_pad']
|
||
|
|
h_pad = self._constrained_layout_pads['h_pad']
|
||
|
|
wspace = self._constrained_layout_pads['wspace']
|
||
|
|
hspace = self._constrained_layout_pads['hspace']
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
if relative and (w_pad is not None or h_pad is not None):
|
||
|
|
renderer0 = layoutbox.get_renderer(self)
|
||
|
|
dpi = renderer0.dpi
|
||
|
|
w_pad = w_pad * dpi / renderer0.width
|
||
|
|
h_pad = h_pad * dpi / renderer0.height
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
return w_pad, h_pad, wspace, hspace
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
def autofmt_xdate(self, bottom=0.2, rotation=30, ha='right', which=None):
|
||
|
|
"""
|
||
|
|
Date ticklabels often overlap, so it is useful to rotate them
|
||
|
|
and right align them. Also, a common use case is a number of
|
||
|
|
subplots with shared xaxes where the x-axis is date data. The
|
||
|
|
ticklabels are often long, and it helps to rotate them on the
|
||
|
|
bottom subplot and turn them off on other subplots, as well as
|
||
|
|
turn off xlabels.
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
Parameters
|
||
|
|
----------
|
||
|
|
bottom : scalar
|
||
|
|
The bottom of the subplots for :meth:`subplots_adjust`.
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
rotation : angle in degrees
|
||
|
|
The rotation of the xtick labels.
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
ha : string
|
||
|
|
The horizontal alignment of the xticklabels.
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
which : {None, 'major', 'minor', 'both'}
|
||
|
|
Selects which ticklabels to rotate. Default is None which works
|
||
|
|
the same as major.
|
||
|
|
"""
|
||
|
|
allsubplots = all(hasattr(ax, 'is_last_row') for ax in self.axes)
|
||
|
|
if len(self.axes) == 1:
|
||
|
|
for label in self.axes[0].get_xticklabels(which=which):
|
||
|
|
label.set_ha(ha)
|
||
|
|
label.set_rotation(rotation)
|
||
|
|
else:
|
||
|
|
if allsubplots:
|
||
|
|
for ax in self.get_axes():
|
||
|
|
if ax.is_last_row():
|
||
|
|
for label in ax.get_xticklabels(which=which):
|
||
|
|
label.set_ha(ha)
|
||
|
|
label.set_rotation(rotation)
|
||
|
|
else:
|
||
|
|
for label in ax.get_xticklabels(which=which):
|
||
|
|
label.set_visible(False)
|
||
|
|
ax.set_xlabel('')
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
if allsubplots:
|
||
|
|
self.subplots_adjust(bottom=bottom)
|
||
|
|
self.stale = True
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
def get_children(self):
|
||
|
|
"""Get a list of artists contained in the figure."""
|
||
|
|
return [self.patch,
|
||
|
|
*self.artists,
|
||
|
|
*self.axes,
|
||
|
|
*self.lines,
|
||
|
|
*self.patches,
|
||
|
|
*self.texts,
|
||
|
|
*self.images,
|
||
|
|
*self.legends]
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
def contains(self, mouseevent):
|
||
|
|
"""
|
||
|
|
Test whether the mouse event occurred on the figure.
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
Returns
|
||
|
|
-------
|
||
|
|
bool, {}
|
||
|
|
"""
|
||
|
|
if self._contains is not None:
|
||
|
|
return self._contains(self, mouseevent)
|
||
|
|
inside = self.bbox.contains(mouseevent.x, mouseevent.y)
|
||
|
|
return inside, {}
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
def get_window_extent(self, *args, **kwargs):
|
||
|
|
"""
|
||
|
|
Return the figure bounding box in display space. Arguments are ignored.
|
||
|
|
"""
|
||
|
|
return self.bbox
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
def suptitle(self, t, **kwargs):
|
||
|
|
"""
|
||
|
|
Add a centered title to the figure.
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
Parameters
|
||
|
|
----------
|
||
|
|
t : str
|
||
|
|
The title text.
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
x : float, default 0.5
|
||
|
|
The x location of the text in figure coordinates.
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
y : float, default 0.98
|
||
|
|
The y location of the text in figure coordinates.
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
horizontalalignment, ha : {'center', 'left', right'}, default: 'center'
|
||
|
|
The horizontal alignment of the text relative to (*x*, *y*).
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
verticalalignment, va : {'top', 'center', 'bottom', 'baseline'}, \
|
||
|
|
default: 'top'
|
||
|
|
The vertical alignment of the text relative to (*x*, *y*).
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
fontsize, size : default: :rc:`figure.titlesize`
|
||
|
|
The font size of the text. See `.Text.set_size` for possible
|
||
|
|
values.
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
fontweight, weight : default: :rc:`figure.titleweight`
|
||
|
|
The font weight of the text. See `.Text.set_weight` for possible
|
||
|
|
values.
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
Returns
|
||
|
|
-------
|
||
|
|
text
|
||
|
|
The `.Text` instance of the title.
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
Other Parameters
|
||
|
|
----------------
|
||
|
|
fontproperties : None or dict, optional
|
||
|
|
A dict of font properties. If *fontproperties* is given the
|
||
|
|
default values for font size and weight are taken from the
|
||
|
|
`FontProperties` defaults. :rc:`figure.titlesize` and
|
||
|
|
:rc:`figure.titleweight` are ignored in this case.
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
**kwargs
|
||
|
|
Additional kwargs are :class:`matplotlib.text.Text` properties.
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
Examples
|
||
|
|
--------
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
>>> fig.suptitle('This is the figure title', fontsize=12)
|
||
|
|
"""
|
||
|
|
manual_position = ('x' in kwargs or 'y' in kwargs)
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
x = kwargs.pop('x', 0.5)
|
||
|
|
y = kwargs.pop('y', 0.98)
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
if 'horizontalalignment' not in kwargs and 'ha' not in kwargs:
|
||
|
|
kwargs['horizontalalignment'] = 'center'
|
||
|
|
if 'verticalalignment' not in kwargs and 'va' not in kwargs:
|
||
|
|
kwargs['verticalalignment'] = 'top'
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
if 'fontproperties' not in kwargs:
|
||
|
|
if 'fontsize' not in kwargs and 'size' not in kwargs:
|
||
|
|
kwargs['size'] = rcParams['figure.titlesize']
|
||
|
|
if 'fontweight' not in kwargs and 'weight' not in kwargs:
|
||
|
|
kwargs['weight'] = rcParams['figure.titleweight']
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
sup = self.text(x, y, t, **kwargs)
|
||
|
|
if self._suptitle is not None:
|
||
|
|
self._suptitle.set_text(t)
|
||
|
|
self._suptitle.set_position((x, y))
|
||
|
|
self._suptitle.update_from(sup)
|
||
|
|
sup.remove()
|
||
|
|
else:
|
||
|
|
self._suptitle = sup
|
||
|
|
self._suptitle._layoutbox = None
|
||
|
|
if self._layoutbox is not None and not manual_position:
|
||
|
|
w_pad, h_pad, wspace, hspace = \
|
||
|
|
self.get_constrained_layout_pads(relative=True)
|
||
|
|
figlb = self._layoutbox
|
||
|
|
self._suptitle._layoutbox = layoutbox.LayoutBox(
|
||
|
|
parent=figlb, artist=self._suptitle,
|
||
|
|
name=figlb.name+'.suptitle')
|
||
|
|
# stack the suptitle on top of all the children.
|
||
|
|
# Some day this should be on top of all the children in the
|
||
|
|
# gridspec only.
|
||
|
|
for child in figlb.children:
|
||
|
|
if child is not self._suptitle._layoutbox:
|
||
|
|
layoutbox.vstack([self._suptitle._layoutbox,
|
||
|
|
child],
|
||
|
|
padding=h_pad*2., strength='required')
|
||
|
|
self.stale = True
|
||
|
|
return self._suptitle
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
def set_canvas(self, canvas):
|
||
|
|
"""
|
||
|
|
Set the canvas that contains the figure
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
Parameters
|
||
|
|
----------
|
||
|
|
canvas : FigureCanvas
|
||
|
|
"""
|
||
|
|
self.canvas = canvas
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
def figimage(self, X, xo=0, yo=0, alpha=None, norm=None, cmap=None,
|
||
|
|
vmin=None, vmax=None, origin=None, resize=False, **kwargs):
|
||
|
|
"""
|
||
|
|
Add a non-resampled image to the figure.
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
The image is attached to the lower or upper left corner depending on
|
||
|
|
*origin*.
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
Parameters
|
||
|
|
----------
|
||
|
|
X
|
||
|
|
The image data. This is an array of one of the following shapes:
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
- MxN: luminance (grayscale) values
|
||
|
|
- MxNx3: RGB values
|
||
|
|
- MxNx4: RGBA values
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
xo, yo : int
|
||
|
|
The *x*/*y* image offset in pixels.
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
alpha : None or float
|
||
|
|
The alpha blending value.
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
norm : :class:`matplotlib.colors.Normalize`
|
||
|
|
A :class:`.Normalize` instance to map the luminance to the
|
||
|
|
interval [0, 1].
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
cmap : str or :class:`matplotlib.colors.Colormap`
|
||
|
|
The colormap to use. Default: :rc:`image.cmap`.
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
vmin, vmax : scalar
|
||
|
|
If *norm* is not given, these values set the data limits for the
|
||
|
|
colormap.
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
origin : {'upper', 'lower'}
|
||
|
|
Indicates where the [0, 0] index of the array is in the upper left
|
||
|
|
or lower left corner of the axes. Defaults to :rc:`image.origin`.
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
resize : bool
|
||
|
|
If *True*, resize the figure to match the given image size.
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
Returns
|
||
|
|
-------
|
||
|
|
:class:`matplotlib.image.FigureImage`
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
Other Parameters
|
||
|
|
----------------
|
||
|
|
**kwargs
|
||
|
|
Additional kwargs are `.Artist` kwargs passed on to `.FigureImage`.
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
Notes
|
||
|
|
-----
|
||
|
|
figimage complements the axes image
|
||
|
|
(:meth:`~matplotlib.axes.Axes.imshow`) which will be resampled
|
||
|
|
to fit the current axes. If you want a resampled image to
|
||
|
|
fill the entire figure, you can define an
|
||
|
|
:class:`~matplotlib.axes.Axes` with extent [0,0,1,1].
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
Examples::
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
f = plt.figure()
|
||
|
|
nx = int(f.get_figwidth() * f.dpi)
|
||
|
|
ny = int(f.get_figheight() * f.dpi)
|
||
|
|
data = np.random.random((ny, nx))
|
||
|
|
f.figimage(data)
|
||
|
|
plt.show()
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
"""
|
||
|
|
if resize:
|
||
|
|
dpi = self.get_dpi()
|
||
|
|
figsize = [x / dpi for x in (X.shape[1], X.shape[0])]
|
||
|
|
self.set_size_inches(figsize, forward=True)
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
im = mimage.FigureImage(self, cmap, norm, xo, yo, origin, **kwargs)
|
||
|
|
im.stale_callback = _stale_figure_callback
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
im.set_array(X)
|
||
|
|
im.set_alpha(alpha)
|
||
|
|
if norm is None:
|
||
|
|
im.set_clim(vmin, vmax)
|
||
|
|
self.images.append(im)
|
||
|
|
im._remove_method = self.images.remove
|
||
|
|
self.stale = True
|
||
|
|
return im
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
def set_size_inches(self, w, h=None, forward=True):
|
||
|
|
"""Set the figure size in inches.
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
Call signatures::
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
fig.set_size_inches(w, h) # OR
|
||
|
|
fig.set_size_inches((w, h))
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
optional kwarg *forward=True* will cause the canvas size to be
|
||
|
|
automatically updated; e.g., you can resize the figure window
|
||
|
|
from the shell
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
ACCEPTS: a (w, h) tuple with w, h in inches
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
See Also
|
||
|
|
--------
|
||
|
|
matplotlib.Figure.get_size_inches
|
||
|
|
"""
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
# the width and height have been passed in as a tuple to the first
|
||
|
|
# argument, so unpack them
|
||
|
|
if h is None:
|
||
|
|
w, h = w
|
||
|
|
if not all(np.isfinite(_) for _ in (w, h)):
|
||
|
|
raise ValueError('figure size must be finite not '
|
||
|
|
'({}, {})'.format(w, h))
|
||
|
|
self.bbox_inches.p1 = w, h
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
if forward:
|
||
|
|
canvas = getattr(self, 'canvas')
|
||
|
|
if canvas is not None:
|
||
|
|
ratio = getattr(self.canvas, '_dpi_ratio', 1)
|
||
|
|
dpival = self.dpi / ratio
|
||
|
|
canvasw = w * dpival
|
||
|
|
canvash = h * dpival
|
||
|
|
manager = getattr(self.canvas, 'manager', None)
|
||
|
|
if manager is not None:
|
||
|
|
manager.resize(int(canvasw), int(canvash))
|
||
|
|
self.stale = True
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
def get_size_inches(self):
|
||
|
|
"""
|
||
|
|
Returns the current size of the figure in inches.
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
Returns
|
||
|
|
-------
|
||
|
|
size : ndarray
|
||
|
|
The size (width, height) of the figure in inches.
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
See Also
|
||
|
|
--------
|
||
|
|
matplotlib.Figure.set_size_inches
|
||
|
|
"""
|
||
|
|
return np.array(self.bbox_inches.p1)
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
def get_edgecolor(self):
|
||
|
|
"""Get the edge color of the Figure rectangle."""
|
||
|
|
return self.patch.get_edgecolor()
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
def get_facecolor(self):
|
||
|
|
"""Get the face color of the Figure rectangle."""
|
||
|
|
return self.patch.get_facecolor()
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
def get_figwidth(self):
|
||
|
|
"""Return the figure width as a float."""
|
||
|
|
return self.bbox_inches.width
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
def get_figheight(self):
|
||
|
|
"""Return the figure height as a float."""
|
||
|
|
return self.bbox_inches.height
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
def get_dpi(self):
|
||
|
|
"""Return the resolution in dots per inch as a float."""
|
||
|
|
return self.dpi
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
def get_frameon(self):
|
||
|
|
"""
|
||
|
|
Return the figure's background patch visibility, i.e.
|
||
|
|
whether the figure background will be drawn. Equivalent to
|
||
|
|
``Figure.patch.get_visible()``.
|
||
|
|
"""
|
||
|
|
return self.patch.get_visible()
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
def set_edgecolor(self, color):
|
||
|
|
"""
|
||
|
|
Set the edge color of the Figure rectangle.
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
Parameters
|
||
|
|
----------
|
||
|
|
color : color
|
||
|
|
"""
|
||
|
|
self.patch.set_edgecolor(color)
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
def set_facecolor(self, color):
|
||
|
|
"""
|
||
|
|
Set the face color of the Figure rectangle.
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
Parameters
|
||
|
|
----------
|
||
|
|
color : color
|
||
|
|
"""
|
||
|
|
self.patch.set_facecolor(color)
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
def set_dpi(self, val):
|
||
|
|
"""
|
||
|
|
Set the resolution of the figure in dots-per-inch.
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
Parameters
|
||
|
|
----------
|
||
|
|
val : float
|
||
|
|
"""
|
||
|
|
self.dpi = val
|
||
|
|
self.stale = True
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
def set_figwidth(self, val, forward=True):
|
||
|
|
"""
|
||
|
|
Set the width of the figure in inches.
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
Parameters
|
||
|
|
----------
|
||
|
|
val : float
|
||
|
|
forward : bool
|
||
|
|
"""
|
||
|
|
self.set_size_inches(val, self.get_figheight(), forward=forward)
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
def set_figheight(self, val, forward=True):
|
||
|
|
"""
|
||
|
|
Set the height of the figure in inches.
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
Parameters
|
||
|
|
----------
|
||
|
|
val : float
|
||
|
|
forward : bool
|
||
|
|
"""
|
||
|
|
self.set_size_inches(self.get_figwidth(), val, forward=forward)
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
def set_frameon(self, b):
|
||
|
|
"""
|
||
|
|
Set the figure's background patch visibility, i.e.
|
||
|
|
whether the figure background will be drawn. Equivalent to
|
||
|
|
``Figure.patch.set_visible()``.
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
Parameters
|
||
|
|
----------
|
||
|
|
b : bool
|
||
|
|
"""
|
||
|
|
self.patch.set_visible(b)
|
||
|
|
self.stale = True
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
frameon = property(get_frameon, set_frameon)
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
def delaxes(self, ax):
|
||
|
|
"""
|
||
|
|
Remove the `~matplotlib.axes.Axes` *ax* from the figure and update the
|
||
|
|
current axes.
|
||
|
|
"""
|
||
|
|
self._axstack.remove(ax)
|
||
|
|
for func in self._axobservers:
|
||
|
|
func(self)
|
||
|
|
self.stale = True
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
def add_artist(self, artist, clip=False):
|
||
|
|
"""
|
||
|
|
Add any :class:`~matplotlib.artist.Artist` to the figure.
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
Usually artists are added to axes objects using
|
||
|
|
:meth:`matplotlib.axes.Axes.add_artist`, but use this method in the
|
||
|
|
rare cases that adding directly to the figure is necessary.
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
Parameters
|
||
|
|
----------
|
||
|
|
artist : `~matplotlib.artist.Artist`
|
||
|
|
The artist to add to the figure. If the added artist has no
|
||
|
|
transform previously set, its transform will be set to
|
||
|
|
``figure.transFigure``.
|
||
|
|
clip : bool, optional, default ``False``
|
||
|
|
An optional parameter ``clip`` determines whether the added artist
|
||
|
|
should be clipped by the figure patch. Default is *False*,
|
||
|
|
i.e. no clipping.
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
Returns
|
||
|
|
-------
|
||
|
|
artist : The added `~matplotlib.artist.Artist`
|
||
|
|
"""
|
||
|
|
artist.set_figure(self)
|
||
|
|
self.artists.append(artist)
|
||
|
|
artist._remove_method = self.artists.remove
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
if not artist.is_transform_set():
|
||
|
|
artist.set_transform(self.transFigure)
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
if clip:
|
||
|
|
artist.set_clip_path(self.patch)
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
self.stale = True
|
||
|
|
return artist
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
def _make_key(self, *args, **kwargs):
|
||
|
|
"""Make a hashable key out of args and kwargs."""
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
def fixitems(items):
|
||
|
|
# items may have arrays and lists in them, so convert them
|
||
|
|
# to tuples for the key
|
||
|
|
ret = []
|
||
|
|
for k, v in items:
|
||
|
|
# some objects can define __getitem__ without being
|
||
|
|
# iterable and in those cases the conversion to tuples
|
||
|
|
# will fail. So instead of using the np.iterable(v) function
|
||
|
|
# we simply try and convert to a tuple, and proceed if not.
|
||
|
|
try:
|
||
|
|
v = tuple(v)
|
||
|
|
except Exception:
|
||
|
|
pass
|
||
|
|
ret.append((k, v))
|
||
|
|
return tuple(ret)
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
def fixlist(args):
|
||
|
|
ret = []
|
||
|
|
for a in args:
|
||
|
|
if np.iterable(a):
|
||
|
|
a = tuple(a)
|
||
|
|
ret.append(a)
|
||
|
|
return tuple(ret)
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
key = fixlist(args), fixitems(kwargs.items())
|
||
|
|
return key
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
def _process_projection_requirements(
|
||
|
|
self, *args, polar=False, projection=None, **kwargs):
|
||
|
|
"""
|
||
|
|
Handle the args/kwargs to add_axes/add_subplot/gca, returning::
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
(axes_proj_class, proj_class_kwargs, proj_stack_key)
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
which can be used for new axes initialization/identification.
|
||
|
|
"""
|
||
|
|
if polar:
|
||
|
|
if projection is not None and projection != 'polar':
|
||
|
|
raise ValueError(
|
||
|
|
"polar=True, yet projection=%r. "
|
||
|
|
"Only one of these arguments should be supplied." %
|
||
|
|
projection)
|
||
|
|
projection = 'polar'
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
if isinstance(projection, str) or projection is None:
|
||
|
|
projection_class = projections.get_projection_class(projection)
|
||
|
|
elif hasattr(projection, '_as_mpl_axes'):
|
||
|
|
projection_class, extra_kwargs = projection._as_mpl_axes()
|
||
|
|
kwargs.update(**extra_kwargs)
|
||
|
|
else:
|
||
|
|
raise TypeError('projection must be a string, None or implement a '
|
||
|
|
'_as_mpl_axes method. Got %r' % projection)
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
# Make the key without projection kwargs, this is used as a unique
|
||
|
|
# lookup for axes instances
|
||
|
|
key = self._make_key(*args, **kwargs)
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
return projection_class, kwargs, key
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
@docstring.dedent_interpd
|
||
|
|
def add_axes(self, *args, **kwargs):
|
||
|
|
"""
|
||
|
|
Add an axes to the figure.
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
Call signatures::
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
add_axes(rect, projection=None, polar=False, **kwargs)
|
||
|
|
add_axes(ax)
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
Parameters
|
||
|
|
----------
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
rect : sequence of float
|
||
|
|
The dimensions [left, bottom, width, height] of the new axes. All
|
||
|
|
quantities are in fractions of figure width and height.
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
projection : {None, 'aitoff', 'hammer', 'lambert', 'mollweide', \
|
||
|
|
'polar', 'rectilinear', str}, optional
|
||
|
|
The projection type of the `~.axes.Axes`. *str* is the name of
|
||
|
|
a custom projection, see `~matplotlib.projections`. The default
|
||
|
|
None results in a 'rectilinear' projection.
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
polar : boolean, optional
|
||
|
|
If True, equivalent to projection='polar'.
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
sharex, sharey : `~.axes.Axes`, optional
|
||
|
|
Share the x or y `~matplotlib.axis` with sharex and/or sharey.
|
||
|
|
The axis will have the same limits, ticks, and scale as the axis
|
||
|
|
of the shared axes.
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
label : str
|
||
|
|
A label for the returned axes.
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
Other Parameters
|
||
|
|
----------------
|
||
|
|
**kwargs
|
||
|
|
This method also takes the keyword arguments for
|
||
|
|
the returned axes class. The keyword arguments for the
|
||
|
|
rectilinear axes class `~.axes.Axes` can be found in
|
||
|
|
the following table but there might also be other keyword
|
||
|
|
arguments if another projection is used, see the actual axes
|
||
|
|
class.
|
||
|
|
%(Axes)s
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
Returns
|
||
|
|
-------
|
||
|
|
axes : `~.axes.Axes` (or a subclass of `~.axes.Axes`)
|
||
|
|
The returned axes class depends on the projection used. It is
|
||
|
|
`~.axes.Axes` if rectilinear projection are used and
|
||
|
|
`.projections.polar.PolarAxes` if polar projection
|
||
|
|
are used.
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
Notes
|
||
|
|
-----
|
||
|
|
If the figure already has an axes with key (*args*,
|
||
|
|
*kwargs*) then it will simply make that axes current and
|
||
|
|
return it. This behavior is deprecated. Meanwhile, if you do
|
||
|
|
not want this behavior (i.e., you want to force the creation of a
|
||
|
|
new axes), you must use a unique set of args and kwargs. The axes
|
||
|
|
*label* attribute has been exposed for this purpose: if you want
|
||
|
|
two axes that are otherwise identical to be added to the figure,
|
||
|
|
make sure you give them unique labels.
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
In rare circumstances, `.add_axes` may be called with a single
|
||
|
|
argument, a axes instance already created in the present figure but
|
||
|
|
not in the figure's list of axes.
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
See Also
|
||
|
|
--------
|
||
|
|
.Figure.add_subplot
|
||
|
|
.pyplot.subplot
|
||
|
|
.pyplot.axes
|
||
|
|
.Figure.subplots
|
||
|
|
.pyplot.subplots
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
Examples
|
||
|
|
--------
|
||
|
|
Some simple examples::
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
rect = l, b, w, h
|
||
|
|
fig = plt.figure()
|
||
|
|
fig.add_axes(rect,label=label1)
|
||
|
|
fig.add_axes(rect,label=label2)
|
||
|
|
fig.add_axes(rect, frameon=False, facecolor='g')
|
||
|
|
fig.add_axes(rect, polar=True)
|
||
|
|
ax=fig.add_axes(rect, projection='polar')
|
||
|
|
fig.delaxes(ax)
|
||
|
|
fig.add_axes(ax)
|
||
|
|
"""
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
if not len(args):
|
||
|
|
return
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
# shortcut the projection "key" modifications later on, if an axes
|
||
|
|
# with the exact args/kwargs exists, return it immediately.
|
||
|
|
key = self._make_key(*args, **kwargs)
|
||
|
|
ax = self._axstack.get(key)
|
||
|
|
if ax is not None:
|
||
|
|
self.sca(ax)
|
||
|
|
return ax
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
if isinstance(args[0], Axes):
|
||
|
|
a = args[0]
|
||
|
|
if a.get_figure() is not self:
|
||
|
|
raise ValueError(
|
||
|
|
"The Axes must have been created in the present figure")
|
||
|
|
else:
|
||
|
|
rect = args[0]
|
||
|
|
if not np.isfinite(rect).all():
|
||
|
|
raise ValueError('all entries in rect must be finite '
|
||
|
|
'not {}'.format(rect))
|
||
|
|
projection_class, kwargs, key = \
|
||
|
|
self._process_projection_requirements(*args, **kwargs)
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
# check that an axes of this type doesn't already exist, if it
|
||
|
|
# does, set it as active and return it
|
||
|
|
ax = self._axstack.get(key)
|
||
|
|
if isinstance(ax, projection_class):
|
||
|
|
self.sca(ax)
|
||
|
|
return ax
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
# create the new axes using the axes class given
|
||
|
|
a = projection_class(self, rect, **kwargs)
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
return self._add_axes_internal(key, a)
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
@docstring.dedent_interpd
|
||
|
|
def add_subplot(self, *args, **kwargs):
|
||
|
|
"""
|
||
|
|
Add an `~.axes.Axes` to the figure as part of a subplot arrangement.
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
Call signatures::
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
add_subplot(nrows, ncols, index, **kwargs)
|
||
|
|
add_subplot(pos, **kwargs)
|
||
|
|
add_subplot(ax)
|
||
|
|
add_subplot()
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
Parameters
|
||
|
|
----------
|
||
|
|
*args
|
||
|
|
Either a 3-digit integer or three separate integers
|
||
|
|
describing the position of the subplot. If the three
|
||
|
|
integers are *nrows*, *ncols*, and *index* in order, the
|
||
|
|
subplot will take the *index* position on a grid with *nrows*
|
||
|
|
rows and *ncols* columns. *index* starts at 1 in the upper left
|
||
|
|
corner and increases to the right.
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
*pos* is a three digit integer, where the first digit is the
|
||
|
|
number of rows, the second the number of columns, and the third
|
||
|
|
the index of the subplot. i.e. fig.add_subplot(235) is the same as
|
||
|
|
fig.add_subplot(2, 3, 5). Note that all integers must be less than
|
||
|
|
10 for this form to work.
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
If no positional arguments are passed, defaults to (1, 1, 1).
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
In rare circumstances, `.add_subplot` may be called with a single
|
||
|
|
argument, a subplot axes instance already created in the
|
||
|
|
present figure but not in the figure's list of axes.
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
projection : {None, 'aitoff', 'hammer', 'lambert', 'mollweide', \
|
||
|
|
'polar', 'rectilinear', str}, optional
|
||
|
|
The projection type of the subplot (`~.axes.Axes`). *str* is the
|
||
|
|
name of a custom projection, see `~matplotlib.projections`. The
|
||
|
|
default None results in a 'rectilinear' projection.
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
polar : boolean, optional
|
||
|
|
If True, equivalent to projection='polar'.
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
sharex, sharey : `~.axes.Axes`, optional
|
||
|
|
Share the x or y `~matplotlib.axis` with sharex and/or sharey.
|
||
|
|
The axis will have the same limits, ticks, and scale as the axis
|
||
|
|
of the shared axes.
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
label : str
|
||
|
|
A label for the returned axes.
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
Other Parameters
|
||
|
|
----------------
|
||
|
|
**kwargs
|
||
|
|
This method also takes the keyword arguments for
|
||
|
|
the returned axes base class. The keyword arguments for the
|
||
|
|
rectilinear base class `~.axes.Axes` can be found in
|
||
|
|
the following table but there might also be other keyword
|
||
|
|
arguments if another projection is used.
|
||
|
|
%(Axes)s
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
Returns
|
||
|
|
-------
|
||
|
|
axes : `.axes.SubplotBase`, or another subclass of `~.axes.Axes`
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
The axes of the subplot. The returned axes base class depends on
|
||
|
|
the projection used. It is `~.axes.Axes` if rectilinear projection
|
||
|
|
are used and `.projections.polar.PolarAxes` if polar projection
|
||
|
|
are used. The returned axes is then a subplot subclass of the
|
||
|
|
base class.
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
Notes
|
||
|
|
-----
|
||
|
|
If the figure already has a subplot with key (*args*,
|
||
|
|
*kwargs*) then it will simply make that subplot current and
|
||
|
|
return it. This behavior is deprecated. Meanwhile, if you do
|
||
|
|
not want this behavior (i.e., you want to force the creation of a
|
||
|
|
new subplot), you must use a unique set of args and kwargs. The axes
|
||
|
|
*label* attribute has been exposed for this purpose: if you want
|
||
|
|
two subplots that are otherwise identical to be added to the figure,
|
||
|
|
make sure you give them unique labels.
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
See Also
|
||
|
|
--------
|
||
|
|
.Figure.add_axes
|
||
|
|
.pyplot.subplot
|
||
|
|
.pyplot.axes
|
||
|
|
.Figure.subplots
|
||
|
|
.pyplot.subplots
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
Examples
|
||
|
|
--------
|
||
|
|
::
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
fig = plt.figure()
|
||
|
|
fig.add_subplot(221)
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
# equivalent but more general
|
||
|
|
ax1 = fig.add_subplot(2, 2, 1)
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
# add a subplot with no frame
|
||
|
|
ax2 = fig.add_subplot(222, frameon=False)
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
# add a polar subplot
|
||
|
|
fig.add_subplot(223, projection='polar')
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
# add a red subplot that share the x-axis with ax1
|
||
|
|
fig.add_subplot(224, sharex=ax1, facecolor='red')
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
#delete x2 from the figure
|
||
|
|
fig.delaxes(ax2)
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
#add x2 to the figure again
|
||
|
|
fig.add_subplot(ax2)
|
||
|
|
"""
|
||
|
|
if not len(args):
|
||
|
|
args = (1, 1, 1)
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
if len(args) == 1 and isinstance(args[0], Integral):
|
||
|
|
if not 100 <= args[0] <= 999:
|
||
|
|
raise ValueError("Integer subplot specification must be a "
|
||
|
|
"three-digit number, not {}".format(args[0]))
|
||
|
|
args = tuple(map(int, str(args[0])))
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
if isinstance(args[0], SubplotBase):
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
a = args[0]
|
||
|
|
if a.get_figure() is not self:
|
||
|
|
raise ValueError(
|
||
|
|
"The Subplot must have been created in the present figure")
|
||
|
|
# make a key for the subplot (which includes the axes object id
|
||
|
|
# in the hash)
|
||
|
|
key = self._make_key(*args, **kwargs)
|
||
|
|
else:
|
||
|
|
projection_class, kwargs, key = \
|
||
|
|
self._process_projection_requirements(*args, **kwargs)
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
# try to find the axes with this key in the stack
|
||
|
|
ax = self._axstack.get(key)
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
if ax is not None:
|
||
|
|
if isinstance(ax, projection_class):
|
||
|
|
# the axes already existed, so set it as active & return
|
||
|
|
self.sca(ax)
|
||
|
|
return ax
|
||
|
|
else:
|
||
|
|
# Undocumented convenience behavior:
|
||
|
|
# subplot(111); subplot(111, projection='polar')
|
||
|
|
# will replace the first with the second.
|
||
|
|
# Without this, add_subplot would be simpler and
|
||
|
|
# more similar to add_axes.
|
||
|
|
self._axstack.remove(ax)
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
a = subplot_class_factory(projection_class)(self, *args, **kwargs)
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
return self._add_axes_internal(key, a)
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
def _add_axes_internal(self, key, ax):
|
||
|
|
"""Private helper for `add_axes` and `add_subplot`."""
|
||
|
|
self._axstack.add(key, ax)
|
||
|
|
self.sca(ax)
|
||
|
|
ax._remove_method = self._remove_ax
|
||
|
|
self.stale = True
|
||
|
|
ax.stale_callback = _stale_figure_callback
|
||
|
|
return ax
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
def subplots(self, nrows=1, ncols=1, sharex=False, sharey=False,
|
||
|
|
squeeze=True, subplot_kw=None, gridspec_kw=None):
|
||
|
|
"""
|
||
|
|
Add a set of subplots to this figure.
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
This utility wrapper makes it convenient to create common layouts of
|
||
|
|
subplots in a single call.
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
Parameters
|
||
|
|
----------
|
||
|
|
nrows, ncols : int, optional, default: 1
|
||
|
|
Number of rows/columns of the subplot grid.
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
sharex, sharey : bool or {'none', 'all', 'row', 'col'}, default: False
|
||
|
|
Controls sharing of properties among x (`sharex`) or y (`sharey`)
|
||
|
|
axes:
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
- True or 'all': x- or y-axis will be shared among all
|
||
|
|
subplots.
|
||
|
|
- False or 'none': each subplot x- or y-axis will be
|
||
|
|
independent.
|
||
|
|
- 'row': each subplot row will share an x- or y-axis.
|
||
|
|
- 'col': each subplot column will share an x- or y-axis.
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
When subplots have a shared x-axis along a column, only the x tick
|
||
|
|
labels of the bottom subplot are created. Similarly, when subplots
|
||
|
|
have a shared y-axis along a row, only the y tick labels of the
|
||
|
|
first column subplot are created. To later turn other subplots'
|
||
|
|
ticklabels on, use `~matplotlib.axes.Axes.tick_params`.
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
squeeze : bool, optional, default: True
|
||
|
|
- If True, extra dimensions are squeezed out from the returned
|
||
|
|
array of Axes:
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
- if only one subplot is constructed (nrows=ncols=1), the
|
||
|
|
resulting single Axes object is returned as a scalar.
|
||
|
|
- for Nx1 or 1xM subplots, the returned object is a 1D numpy
|
||
|
|
object array of Axes objects.
|
||
|
|
- for NxM, subplots with N>1 and M>1 are returned
|
||
|
|
as a 2D array.
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
- If False, no squeezing at all is done: the returned Axes object
|
||
|
|
is always a 2D array containing Axes instances, even if it ends
|
||
|
|
up being 1x1.
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
subplot_kw : dict, optional
|
||
|
|
Dict with keywords passed to the
|
||
|
|
:meth:`~matplotlib.figure.Figure.add_subplot` call used to create
|
||
|
|
each subplot.
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
gridspec_kw : dict, optional
|
||
|
|
Dict with keywords passed to the
|
||
|
|
`~matplotlib.gridspec.GridSpec` constructor used to create
|
||
|
|
the grid the subplots are placed on.
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
Returns
|
||
|
|
-------
|
||
|
|
ax : `~.axes.Axes` object or array of Axes objects.
|
||
|
|
*ax* can be either a single `~matplotlib.axes.Axes` object or
|
||
|
|
an array of Axes objects if more than one subplot was created. The
|
||
|
|
dimensions of the resulting array can be controlled with the
|
||
|
|
squeeze keyword, see above.
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
Examples
|
||
|
|
--------
|
||
|
|
::
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
# First create some toy data:
|
||
|
|
x = np.linspace(0, 2*np.pi, 400)
|
||
|
|
y = np.sin(x**2)
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
# Create a figure
|
||
|
|
plt.figure()
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
# Creates a subplot
|
||
|
|
ax = fig.subplots()
|
||
|
|
ax.plot(x, y)
|
||
|
|
ax.set_title('Simple plot')
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
# Creates two subplots and unpacks the output array immediately
|
||
|
|
ax1, ax2 = fig.subplots(1, 2, sharey=True)
|
||
|
|
ax1.plot(x, y)
|
||
|
|
ax1.set_title('Sharing Y axis')
|
||
|
|
ax2.scatter(x, y)
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
# Creates four polar axes, and accesses them through the
|
||
|
|
# returned array
|
||
|
|
axes = fig.subplots(2, 2, subplot_kw=dict(polar=True))
|
||
|
|
axes[0, 0].plot(x, y)
|
||
|
|
axes[1, 1].scatter(x, y)
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
# Share a X axis with each column of subplots
|
||
|
|
fig.subplots(2, 2, sharex='col')
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
# Share a Y axis with each row of subplots
|
||
|
|
fig.subplots(2, 2, sharey='row')
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
# Share both X and Y axes with all subplots
|
||
|
|
fig.subplots(2, 2, sharex='all', sharey='all')
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
# Note that this is the same as
|
||
|
|
fig.subplots(2, 2, sharex=True, sharey=True)
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
See Also
|
||
|
|
--------
|
||
|
|
.pyplot.subplots
|
||
|
|
.Figure.add_subplot
|
||
|
|
.pyplot.subplot
|
||
|
|
"""
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
if isinstance(sharex, bool):
|
||
|
|
sharex = "all" if sharex else "none"
|
||
|
|
if isinstance(sharey, bool):
|
||
|
|
sharey = "all" if sharey else "none"
|
||
|
|
# This check was added because it is very easy to type
|
||
|
|
# `subplots(1, 2, 1)` when `subplot(1, 2, 1)` was intended.
|
||
|
|
# In most cases, no error will ever occur, but mysterious behavior
|
||
|
|
# will result because what was intended to be the subplot index is
|
||
|
|
# instead treated as a bool for sharex.
|
||
|
|
if isinstance(sharex, Integral):
|
||
|
|
cbook._warn_external(
|
||
|
|
"sharex argument to subplots() was an integer. Did you "
|
||
|
|
"intend to use subplot() (without 's')?")
|
||
|
|
cbook._check_in_list(["all", "row", "col", "none"],
|
||
|
|
sharex=sharex, sharey=sharey)
|
||
|
|
if subplot_kw is None:
|
||
|
|
subplot_kw = {}
|
||
|
|
if gridspec_kw is None:
|
||
|
|
gridspec_kw = {}
|
||
|
|
# don't mutate kwargs passed by user...
|
||
|
|
subplot_kw = subplot_kw.copy()
|
||
|
|
gridspec_kw = gridspec_kw.copy()
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
if self.get_constrained_layout():
|
||
|
|
gs = GridSpec(nrows, ncols, figure=self, **gridspec_kw)
|
||
|
|
else:
|
||
|
|
# this should turn constrained_layout off if we don't want it
|
||
|
|
gs = GridSpec(nrows, ncols, figure=None, **gridspec_kw)
|
||
|
|
self._gridspecs.append(gs)
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
# Create array to hold all axes.
|
||
|
|
axarr = np.empty((nrows, ncols), dtype=object)
|
||
|
|
for row in range(nrows):
|
||
|
|
for col in range(ncols):
|
||
|
|
shared_with = {"none": None, "all": axarr[0, 0],
|
||
|
|
"row": axarr[row, 0], "col": axarr[0, col]}
|
||
|
|
subplot_kw["sharex"] = shared_with[sharex]
|
||
|
|
subplot_kw["sharey"] = shared_with[sharey]
|
||
|
|
axarr[row, col] = self.add_subplot(gs[row, col], **subplot_kw)
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
# turn off redundant tick labeling
|
||
|
|
if sharex in ["col", "all"]:
|
||
|
|
# turn off all but the bottom row
|
||
|
|
for ax in axarr[:-1, :].flat:
|
||
|
|
ax.xaxis.set_tick_params(which='both',
|
||
|
|
labelbottom=False, labeltop=False)
|
||
|
|
ax.xaxis.offsetText.set_visible(False)
|
||
|
|
if sharey in ["row", "all"]:
|
||
|
|
# turn off all but the first column
|
||
|
|
for ax in axarr[:, 1:].flat:
|
||
|
|
ax.yaxis.set_tick_params(which='both',
|
||
|
|
labelleft=False, labelright=False)
|
||
|
|
ax.yaxis.offsetText.set_visible(False)
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
if squeeze:
|
||
|
|
# Discarding unneeded dimensions that equal 1. If we only have one
|
||
|
|
# subplot, just return it instead of a 1-element array.
|
||
|
|
return axarr.item() if axarr.size == 1 else axarr.squeeze()
|
||
|
|
else:
|
||
|
|
# Returned axis array will be always 2-d, even if nrows=ncols=1.
|
||
|
|
return axarr
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
def _remove_ax(self, ax):
|
||
|
|
def _reset_loc_form(axis):
|
||
|
|
axis.set_major_formatter(axis.get_major_formatter())
|
||
|
|
axis.set_major_locator(axis.get_major_locator())
|
||
|
|
axis.set_minor_formatter(axis.get_minor_formatter())
|
||
|
|
axis.set_minor_locator(axis.get_minor_locator())
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
def _break_share_link(ax, grouper):
|
||
|
|
siblings = grouper.get_siblings(ax)
|
||
|
|
if len(siblings) > 1:
|
||
|
|
grouper.remove(ax)
|
||
|
|
for last_ax in siblings:
|
||
|
|
if ax is not last_ax:
|
||
|
|
return last_ax
|
||
|
|
return None
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
self.delaxes(ax)
|
||
|
|
last_ax = _break_share_link(ax, ax._shared_y_axes)
|
||
|
|
if last_ax is not None:
|
||
|
|
_reset_loc_form(last_ax.yaxis)
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
last_ax = _break_share_link(ax, ax._shared_x_axes)
|
||
|
|
if last_ax is not None:
|
||
|
|
_reset_loc_form(last_ax.xaxis)
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
def clf(self, keep_observers=False):
|
||
|
|
"""
|
||
|
|
Clear the figure.
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
Set *keep_observers* to True if, for example,
|
||
|
|
a gui widget is tracking the axes in the figure.
|
||
|
|
"""
|
||
|
|
self.suppressComposite = None
|
||
|
|
self.callbacks = cbook.CallbackRegistry()
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
for ax in tuple(self.axes): # Iterate over the copy.
|
||
|
|
ax.cla()
|
||
|
|
self.delaxes(ax) # removes ax from self._axstack
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
toolbar = getattr(self.canvas, 'toolbar', None)
|
||
|
|
if toolbar is not None:
|
||
|
|
toolbar.update()
|
||
|
|
self._axstack.clear()
|
||
|
|
self.artists = []
|
||
|
|
self.lines = []
|
||
|
|
self.patches = []
|
||
|
|
self.texts = []
|
||
|
|
self.images = []
|
||
|
|
self.legends = []
|
||
|
|
if not keep_observers:
|
||
|
|
self._axobservers = []
|
||
|
|
self._suptitle = None
|
||
|
|
if self.get_constrained_layout():
|
||
|
|
layoutbox.nonetree(self._layoutbox)
|
||
|
|
self.stale = True
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
def clear(self, keep_observers=False):
|
||
|
|
"""
|
||
|
|
Clear the figure -- synonym for :meth:`clf`.
|
||
|
|
"""
|
||
|
|
self.clf(keep_observers=keep_observers)
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
@allow_rasterization
|
||
|
|
def draw(self, renderer):
|
||
|
|
"""
|
||
|
|
Render the figure using :class:`matplotlib.backend_bases.RendererBase`
|
||
|
|
instance *renderer*.
|
||
|
|
"""
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
# draw the figure bounding box, perhaps none for white figure
|
||
|
|
if not self.get_visible():
|
||
|
|
return
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
artists = self.get_children()
|
||
|
|
artists.remove(self.patch)
|
||
|
|
artists = sorted(
|
||
|
|
(artist for artist in artists if not artist.get_animated()),
|
||
|
|
key=lambda artist: artist.get_zorder())
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
for ax in self.axes:
|
||
|
|
locator = ax.get_axes_locator()
|
||
|
|
if locator:
|
||
|
|
pos = locator(ax, renderer)
|
||
|
|
ax.apply_aspect(pos)
|
||
|
|
else:
|
||
|
|
ax.apply_aspect()
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
for child in ax.get_children():
|
||
|
|
if hasattr(child, 'apply_aspect'):
|
||
|
|
locator = child.get_axes_locator()
|
||
|
|
if locator:
|
||
|
|
pos = locator(child, renderer)
|
||
|
|
child.apply_aspect(pos)
|
||
|
|
else:
|
||
|
|
child.apply_aspect()
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
try:
|
||
|
|
renderer.open_group('figure')
|
||
|
|
if self.get_constrained_layout() and self.axes:
|
||
|
|
self.execute_constrained_layout(renderer)
|
||
|
|
if self.get_tight_layout() and self.axes:
|
||
|
|
try:
|
||
|
|
self.tight_layout(renderer,
|
||
|
|
**self._tight_parameters)
|
||
|
|
except ValueError:
|
||
|
|
pass
|
||
|
|
# ValueError can occur when resizing a window.
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
self.patch.draw(renderer)
|
||
|
|
mimage._draw_list_compositing_images(
|
||
|
|
renderer, self, artists, self.suppressComposite)
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
renderer.close_group('figure')
|
||
|
|
finally:
|
||
|
|
self.stale = False
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
self._cachedRenderer = renderer
|
||
|
|
self.canvas.draw_event(renderer)
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
def draw_artist(self, a):
|
||
|
|
"""
|
||
|
|
Draw :class:`matplotlib.artist.Artist` instance *a* only.
|
||
|
|
This is available only after the figure is drawn.
|
||
|
|
"""
|
||
|
|
if self._cachedRenderer is None:
|
||
|
|
raise AttributeError("draw_artist can only be used after an "
|
||
|
|
"initial draw which caches the renderer")
|
||
|
|
a.draw(self._cachedRenderer)
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
def get_axes(self):
|
||
|
|
"""
|
||
|
|
Return a list of axes in the Figure. You can access and modify the
|
||
|
|
axes in the Figure through this list.
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
Do not modify the list itself. Instead, use `~Figure.add_axes`,
|
||
|
|
`~.Figure.subplot` or `~.Figure.delaxes` to add or remove an axes.
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
Note: This is equivalent to the property `~.Figure.axes`.
|
||
|
|
"""
|
||
|
|
return self.axes
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
# Note: in the docstring below, the newlines in the examples after the
|
||
|
|
# calls to legend() allow replacing it with figlegend() to generate the
|
||
|
|
# docstring of pyplot.figlegend.
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
@docstring.dedent_interpd
|
||
|
|
def legend(self, *args, **kwargs):
|
||
|
|
"""
|
||
|
|
Place a legend on the figure.
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
To make a legend from existing artists on every axes::
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
legend()
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
To make a legend for a list of lines and labels::
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
legend(
|
||
|
|
(line1, line2, line3),
|
||
|
|
('label1', 'label2', 'label3'),
|
||
|
|
loc='upper right')
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
These can also be specified by keyword::
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
legend(
|
||
|
|
handles=(line1, line2, line3),
|
||
|
|
labels=('label1', 'label2', 'label3'),
|
||
|
|
loc='upper right')
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
Parameters
|
||
|
|
----------
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
handles : sequence of `.Artist`, optional
|
||
|
|
A list of Artists (lines, patches) to be added to the legend.
|
||
|
|
Use this together with *labels*, if you need full control on what
|
||
|
|
is shown in the legend and the automatic mechanism described above
|
||
|
|
is not sufficient.
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
The length of handles and labels should be the same in this
|
||
|
|
case. If they are not, they are truncated to the smaller length.
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
labels : sequence of strings, optional
|
||
|
|
A list of labels to show next to the artists.
|
||
|
|
Use this together with *handles*, if you need full control on what
|
||
|
|
is shown in the legend and the automatic mechanism described above
|
||
|
|
is not sufficient.
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
Other Parameters
|
||
|
|
----------------
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
%(_legend_kw_doc)s
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
Returns
|
||
|
|
-------
|
||
|
|
:class:`matplotlib.legend.Legend` instance
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
Notes
|
||
|
|
-----
|
||
|
|
Not all kinds of artist are supported by the legend command. See
|
||
|
|
:doc:`/tutorials/intermediate/legend_guide` for details.
|
||
|
|
"""
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
handles, labels, extra_args, kwargs = mlegend._parse_legend_args(
|
||
|
|
self.axes,
|
||
|
|
*args,
|
||
|
|
**kwargs)
|
||
|
|
# check for third arg
|
||
|
|
if len(extra_args):
|
||
|
|
# cbook.warn_deprecated(
|
||
|
|
# "2.1",
|
||
|
|
# message="Figure.legend will accept no more than two "
|
||
|
|
# "positional arguments in the future. Use "
|
||
|
|
# "'fig.legend(handles, labels, loc=location)' "
|
||
|
|
# "instead.")
|
||
|
|
# kwargs['loc'] = extra_args[0]
|
||
|
|
# extra_args = extra_args[1:]
|
||
|
|
pass
|
||
|
|
l = mlegend.Legend(self, handles, labels, *extra_args, **kwargs)
|
||
|
|
self.legends.append(l)
|
||
|
|
l._remove_method = self.legends.remove
|
||
|
|
self.stale = True
|
||
|
|
return l
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
@cbook._delete_parameter("3.1", "withdash")
|
||
|
|
@docstring.dedent_interpd
|
||
|
|
def text(self, x, y, s, fontdict=None, withdash=False, **kwargs):
|
||
|
|
"""
|
||
|
|
Add text to figure.
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
Parameters
|
||
|
|
----------
|
||
|
|
x, y : float
|
||
|
|
The position to place the text. By default, this is in figure
|
||
|
|
coordinates, floats in [0, 1]. The coordinate system can be changed
|
||
|
|
using the *transform* keyword.
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
s : str
|
||
|
|
The text string.
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
fontdict : dictionary, optional, default: None
|
||
|
|
A dictionary to override the default text properties. If fontdict
|
||
|
|
is None, the defaults are determined by your rc parameters. A
|
||
|
|
property in *kwargs* override the same property in fontdict.
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
withdash : boolean, optional, default: False
|
||
|
|
Creates a `~matplotlib.text.TextWithDash` instance instead of a
|
||
|
|
`~matplotlib.text.Text` instance.
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
Other Parameters
|
||
|
|
----------------
|
||
|
|
**kwargs : `~matplotlib.text.Text` properties
|
||
|
|
Other miscellaneous text parameters.
|
||
|
|
%(Text)s
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
Returns
|
||
|
|
-------
|
||
|
|
text : `~.text.Text`
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
See Also
|
||
|
|
--------
|
||
|
|
.Axes.text
|
||
|
|
.pyplot.text
|
||
|
|
"""
|
||
|
|
default = dict(transform=self.transFigure)
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
if (withdash
|
||
|
|
and withdash is not cbook.deprecation._deprecated_parameter):
|
||
|
|
text = TextWithDash(x=x, y=y, text=s)
|
||
|
|
else:
|
||
|
|
text = Text(x=x, y=y, text=s)
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
text.update(default)
|
||
|
|
if fontdict is not None:
|
||
|
|
text.update(fontdict)
|
||
|
|
text.update(kwargs)
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
text.set_figure(self)
|
||
|
|
text.stale_callback = _stale_figure_callback
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
self.texts.append(text)
|
||
|
|
text._remove_method = self.texts.remove
|
||
|
|
self.stale = True
|
||
|
|
return text
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
def _set_artist_props(self, a):
|
||
|
|
if a != self:
|
||
|
|
a.set_figure(self)
|
||
|
|
a.stale_callback = _stale_figure_callback
|
||
|
|
a.set_transform(self.transFigure)
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
@docstring.dedent_interpd
|
||
|
|
def gca(self, **kwargs):
|
||
|
|
"""
|
||
|
|
Get the current axes, creating one if necessary.
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
The following kwargs are supported for ensuring the returned axes
|
||
|
|
adheres to the given projection etc., and for axes creation if
|
||
|
|
the active axes does not exist:
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
%(Axes)s
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
"""
|
||
|
|
ckey, cax = self._axstack.current_key_axes()
|
||
|
|
# if there exists an axes on the stack see if it matches
|
||
|
|
# the desired axes configuration
|
||
|
|
if cax is not None:
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
# if no kwargs are given just return the current axes
|
||
|
|
# this is a convenience for gca() on axes such as polar etc.
|
||
|
|
if not kwargs:
|
||
|
|
return cax
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
# if the user has specified particular projection detail
|
||
|
|
# then build up a key which can represent this
|
||
|
|
else:
|
||
|
|
projection_class, _, key = \
|
||
|
|
self._process_projection_requirements(**kwargs)
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
# let the returned axes have any gridspec by removing it from
|
||
|
|
# the key
|
||
|
|
ckey = ckey[1:]
|
||
|
|
key = key[1:]
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
# if the cax matches this key then return the axes, otherwise
|
||
|
|
# continue and a new axes will be created
|
||
|
|
if key == ckey and isinstance(cax, projection_class):
|
||
|
|
return cax
|
||
|
|
else:
|
||
|
|
cbook._warn_external('Requested projection is different '
|
||
|
|
'from current axis projection, '
|
||
|
|
'creating new axis with requested '
|
||
|
|
'projection.')
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
# no axes found, so create one which spans the figure
|
||
|
|
return self.add_subplot(1, 1, 1, **kwargs)
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
def sca(self, a):
|
||
|
|
"""Set the current axes to be a and return a."""
|
||
|
|
self._axstack.bubble(a)
|
||
|
|
for func in self._axobservers:
|
||
|
|
func(self)
|
||
|
|
return a
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
def _gci(self):
|
||
|
|
"""
|
||
|
|
Helper for :func:`~matplotlib.pyplot.gci`. Do not use elsewhere.
|
||
|
|
"""
|
||
|
|
# Look first for an image in the current Axes:
|
||
|
|
cax = self._axstack.current_key_axes()[1]
|
||
|
|
if cax is None:
|
||
|
|
return None
|
||
|
|
im = cax._gci()
|
||
|
|
if im is not None:
|
||
|
|
return im
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
# If there is no image in the current Axes, search for
|
||
|
|
# one in a previously created Axes. Whether this makes
|
||
|
|
# sense is debatable, but it is the documented behavior.
|
||
|
|
for ax in reversed(self.axes):
|
||
|
|
im = ax._gci()
|
||
|
|
if im is not None:
|
||
|
|
return im
|
||
|
|
return None
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
def __getstate__(self):
|
||
|
|
state = super().__getstate__()
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
# the axobservers cannot currently be pickled.
|
||
|
|
# Additionally, the canvas cannot currently be pickled, but this has
|
||
|
|
# the benefit of meaning that a figure can be detached from one canvas,
|
||
|
|
# and re-attached to another.
|
||
|
|
for attr_to_pop in ('_axobservers', 'show',
|
||
|
|
'canvas', '_cachedRenderer'):
|
||
|
|
state.pop(attr_to_pop, None)
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
# add version information to the state
|
||
|
|
state['__mpl_version__'] = _mpl_version
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
# check whether the figure manager (if any) is registered with pyplot
|
||
|
|
from matplotlib import _pylab_helpers
|
||
|
|
if getattr(self.canvas, 'manager', None) \
|
||
|
|
in _pylab_helpers.Gcf.figs.values():
|
||
|
|
state['_restore_to_pylab'] = True
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
# set all the layoutbox information to None. kiwisolver objects can't
|
||
|
|
# be pickled, so we lose the layout options at this point.
|
||
|
|
state.pop('_layoutbox', None)
|
||
|
|
# suptitle:
|
||
|
|
if self._suptitle is not None:
|
||
|
|
self._suptitle._layoutbox = None
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
return state
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
def __setstate__(self, state):
|
||
|
|
version = state.pop('__mpl_version__')
|
||
|
|
restore_to_pylab = state.pop('_restore_to_pylab', False)
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
if version != _mpl_version:
|
||
|
|
cbook._warn_external(
|
||
|
|
f"This figure was saved with matplotlib version {version} and "
|
||
|
|
f"is unlikely to function correctly.")
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
self.__dict__ = state
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
# re-initialise some of the unstored state information
|
||
|
|
self._axobservers = []
|
||
|
|
self.canvas = None
|
||
|
|
self._layoutbox = None
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
if restore_to_pylab:
|
||
|
|
# lazy import to avoid circularity
|
||
|
|
import matplotlib.pyplot as plt
|
||
|
|
import matplotlib._pylab_helpers as pylab_helpers
|
||
|
|
allnums = plt.get_fignums()
|
||
|
|
num = max(allnums) + 1 if allnums else 1
|
||
|
|
mgr = plt._backend_mod.new_figure_manager_given_figure(num, self)
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
# XXX The following is a copy and paste from pyplot. Consider
|
||
|
|
# factoring to pylab_helpers
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
if self.get_label():
|
||
|
|
mgr.set_window_title(self.get_label())
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
# make this figure current on button press event
|
||
|
|
def make_active(event):
|
||
|
|
pylab_helpers.Gcf.set_active(mgr)
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
mgr._cidgcf = mgr.canvas.mpl_connect('button_press_event',
|
||
|
|
make_active)
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
pylab_helpers.Gcf.set_active(mgr)
|
||
|
|
self.number = num
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
plt.draw_if_interactive()
|
||
|
|
self.stale = True
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
def add_axobserver(self, func):
|
||
|
|
"""Whenever the axes state change, ``func(self)`` will be called."""
|
||
|
|
self._axobservers.append(func)
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
def savefig(self, fname, *, transparent=None, **kwargs):
|
||
|
|
"""
|
||
|
|
Save the current figure.
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
Call signature::
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
savefig(fname, dpi=None, facecolor='w', edgecolor='w',
|
||
|
|
orientation='portrait', papertype=None, format=None,
|
||
|
|
transparent=False, bbox_inches=None, pad_inches=0.1,
|
||
|
|
frameon=None, metadata=None)
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
The output formats available depend on the backend being used.
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
Parameters
|
||
|
|
----------
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
fname : str or PathLike or file-like object
|
||
|
|
A path, or a Python file-like object, or
|
||
|
|
possibly some backend-dependent object such as
|
||
|
|
`matplotlib.backends.backend_pdf.PdfPages`.
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
If *format* is not set, then the output format is inferred from
|
||
|
|
the extension of *fname*, if any, and from :rc:`savefig.format`
|
||
|
|
otherwise. If *format* is set, it determines the output format.
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
Hence, if *fname* is not a path or has no extension, remember to
|
||
|
|
specify *format* to ensure that the correct backend is used.
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
Other Parameters
|
||
|
|
----------------
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
dpi : [ *None* | scalar > 0 | 'figure' ]
|
||
|
|
The resolution in dots per inch. If *None*, defaults to
|
||
|
|
:rc:`savefig.dpi`. If 'figure', uses the figure's dpi value.
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
quality : [ *None* | 1 <= scalar <= 100 ]
|
||
|
|
The image quality, on a scale from 1 (worst) to 95 (best).
|
||
|
|
Applicable only if *format* is jpg or jpeg, ignored otherwise.
|
||
|
|
If *None*, defaults to :rc:`savefig.jpeg_quality` (95 by default).
|
||
|
|
Values above 95 should be avoided; 100 completely disables the
|
||
|
|
JPEG quantization stage.
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
optimize : bool
|
||
|
|
If *True*, indicates that the JPEG encoder should make an extra
|
||
|
|
pass over the image in order to select optimal encoder settings.
|
||
|
|
Applicable only if *format* is jpg or jpeg, ignored otherwise.
|
||
|
|
Is *False* by default.
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
progressive : bool
|
||
|
|
If *True*, indicates that this image should be stored as a
|
||
|
|
progressive JPEG file. Applicable only if *format* is jpg or
|
||
|
|
jpeg, ignored otherwise. Is *False* by default.
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
facecolor : color spec or None, optional
|
||
|
|
The facecolor of the figure; if *None*, defaults to
|
||
|
|
:rc:`savefig.facecolor`.
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
edgecolor : color spec or None, optional
|
||
|
|
The edgecolor of the figure; if *None*, defaults to
|
||
|
|
:rc:`savefig.edgecolor`
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
orientation : {'landscape', 'portrait'}
|
||
|
|
Currently only supported by the postscript backend.
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
papertype : str
|
||
|
|
One of 'letter', 'legal', 'executive', 'ledger', 'a0' through
|
||
|
|
'a10', 'b0' through 'b10'. Only supported for postscript
|
||
|
|
output.
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
format : str
|
||
|
|
The file format, e.g. 'png', 'pdf', 'svg', ... The behavior when
|
||
|
|
this is unset is documented under *fname*.
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
transparent : bool
|
||
|
|
If *True*, the axes patches will all be transparent; the
|
||
|
|
figure patch will also be transparent unless facecolor
|
||
|
|
and/or edgecolor are specified via kwargs.
|
||
|
|
This is useful, for example, for displaying
|
||
|
|
a plot on top of a colored background on a web page. The
|
||
|
|
transparency of these patches will be restored to their
|
||
|
|
original values upon exit of this function.
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
bbox_inches : str or `~matplotlib.transforms.Bbox`, optional
|
||
|
|
Bbox in inches. Only the given portion of the figure is
|
||
|
|
saved. If 'tight', try to figure out the tight bbox of
|
||
|
|
the figure. If None, use savefig.bbox
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
pad_inches : scalar, optional
|
||
|
|
Amount of padding around the figure when bbox_inches is
|
||
|
|
'tight'. If None, use savefig.pad_inches
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
bbox_extra_artists : list of `~matplotlib.artist.Artist`, optional
|
||
|
|
A list of extra artists that will be considered when the
|
||
|
|
tight bbox is calculated.
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
metadata : dict, optional
|
||
|
|
Key/value pairs to store in the image metadata. The supported keys
|
||
|
|
and defaults depend on the image format and backend:
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
- 'png' with Agg backend: See the parameter ``metadata`` of
|
||
|
|
`~.FigureCanvasAgg.print_png`.
|
||
|
|
- 'pdf' with pdf backend: See the parameter ``metadata`` of
|
||
|
|
`~.backend_pdf.PdfPages`.
|
||
|
|
- 'eps' and 'ps' with PS backend: Only 'Creator' is supported.
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
pil_kwargs : dict, optional
|
||
|
|
Additional keyword arguments that are passed to `PIL.Image.save`
|
||
|
|
when saving the figure. Only applicable for formats that are saved
|
||
|
|
using Pillow, i.e. JPEG, TIFF, and (if the keyword is set to a
|
||
|
|
non-None value) PNG.
|
||
|
|
"""
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
kwargs.setdefault('dpi', rcParams['savefig.dpi'])
|
||
|
|
if "frameon" in kwargs:
|
||
|
|
cbook.warn_deprecated("3.1", name="frameon", obj_type="kwarg",
|
||
|
|
alternative="facecolor")
|
||
|
|
frameon = kwargs.pop("frameon")
|
||
|
|
if frameon is None:
|
||
|
|
frameon = dict.__getitem__(rcParams, 'savefig.frameon')
|
||
|
|
else:
|
||
|
|
frameon = False # Won't pass "if frameon:" below.
|
||
|
|
if transparent is None:
|
||
|
|
transparent = rcParams['savefig.transparent']
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
if transparent:
|
||
|
|
kwargs.setdefault('facecolor', 'none')
|
||
|
|
kwargs.setdefault('edgecolor', 'none')
|
||
|
|
original_axes_colors = []
|
||
|
|
for ax in self.axes:
|
||
|
|
patch = ax.patch
|
||
|
|
original_axes_colors.append((patch.get_facecolor(),
|
||
|
|
patch.get_edgecolor()))
|
||
|
|
patch.set_facecolor('none')
|
||
|
|
patch.set_edgecolor('none')
|
||
|
|
else:
|
||
|
|
kwargs.setdefault('facecolor', rcParams['savefig.facecolor'])
|
||
|
|
kwargs.setdefault('edgecolor', rcParams['savefig.edgecolor'])
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
if frameon:
|
||
|
|
original_frameon = self.patch.get_visible()
|
||
|
|
self.patch.set_visible(frameon)
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
self.canvas.print_figure(fname, **kwargs)
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
if frameon:
|
||
|
|
self.patch.set_visible(original_frameon)
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
if transparent:
|
||
|
|
for ax, cc in zip(self.axes, original_axes_colors):
|
||
|
|
ax.patch.set_facecolor(cc[0])
|
||
|
|
ax.patch.set_edgecolor(cc[1])
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
@docstring.dedent_interpd
|
||
|
|
def colorbar(self, mappable, cax=None, ax=None, use_gridspec=True, **kw):
|
||
|
|
"""
|
||
|
|
Create a colorbar for a ScalarMappable instance, *mappable*.
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
Documentation for the pyplot thin wrapper:
|
||
|
|
%(colorbar_doc)s
|
||
|
|
"""
|
||
|
|
if ax is None:
|
||
|
|
ax = self.gca()
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
# Store the value of gca so that we can set it back later on.
|
||
|
|
current_ax = self.gca()
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
if cax is None:
|
||
|
|
if use_gridspec and isinstance(ax, SubplotBase) \
|
||
|
|
and (not self.get_constrained_layout()):
|
||
|
|
cax, kw = cbar.make_axes_gridspec(ax, **kw)
|
||
|
|
else:
|
||
|
|
cax, kw = cbar.make_axes(ax, **kw)
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
# need to remove kws that cannot be passed to Colorbar
|
||
|
|
NON_COLORBAR_KEYS = ['fraction', 'pad', 'shrink', 'aspect', 'anchor',
|
||
|
|
'panchor']
|
||
|
|
cb_kw = {k: v for k, v in kw.items() if k not in NON_COLORBAR_KEYS}
|
||
|
|
cb = cbar.colorbar_factory(cax, mappable, **cb_kw)
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
self.sca(current_ax)
|
||
|
|
self.stale = True
|
||
|
|
return cb
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
def subplots_adjust(self, left=None, bottom=None, right=None, top=None,
|
||
|
|
wspace=None, hspace=None):
|
||
|
|
"""
|
||
|
|
Update the :class:`SubplotParams` with *kwargs* (defaulting to rc when
|
||
|
|
*None*) and update the subplot locations.
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
"""
|
||
|
|
if self.get_constrained_layout():
|
||
|
|
self.set_constrained_layout(False)
|
||
|
|
cbook._warn_external("This figure was using "
|
||
|
|
"constrained_layout==True, but that is "
|
||
|
|
"incompatible with subplots_adjust and or "
|
||
|
|
"tight_layout: setting "
|
||
|
|
"constrained_layout==False. ")
|
||
|
|
self.subplotpars.update(left, bottom, right, top, wspace, hspace)
|
||
|
|
for ax in self.axes:
|
||
|
|
if not isinstance(ax, SubplotBase):
|
||
|
|
# Check if sharing a subplots axis
|
||
|
|
if isinstance(ax._sharex, SubplotBase):
|
||
|
|
ax._sharex.update_params()
|
||
|
|
ax.set_position(ax._sharex.figbox)
|
||
|
|
elif isinstance(ax._sharey, SubplotBase):
|
||
|
|
ax._sharey.update_params()
|
||
|
|
ax.set_position(ax._sharey.figbox)
|
||
|
|
else:
|
||
|
|
ax.update_params()
|
||
|
|
ax.set_position(ax.figbox)
|
||
|
|
self.stale = True
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
def ginput(self, n=1, timeout=30, show_clicks=True, mouse_add=1,
|
||
|
|
mouse_pop=3, mouse_stop=2):
|
||
|
|
"""
|
||
|
|
Blocking call to interact with a figure.
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
Wait until the user clicks *n* times on the figure, and return the
|
||
|
|
coordinates of each click in a list.
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
There are three possible interactions:
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
- Add a point.
|
||
|
|
- Remove the most recently added point.
|
||
|
|
- Stop the interaction and return the points added so far.
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
The actions are assigned to mouse buttons via the arguments
|
||
|
|
*mouse_add*, *mouse_pop* and *mouse_stop*. Mouse buttons are defined
|
||
|
|
by the numbers:
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
- 1: left mouse button
|
||
|
|
- 2: middle mouse button
|
||
|
|
- 3: right mouse button
|
||
|
|
- None: no mouse button
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
Parameters
|
||
|
|
----------
|
||
|
|
n : int, optional, default: 1
|
||
|
|
Number of mouse clicks to accumulate. If negative, accumulate
|
||
|
|
clicks until the input is terminated manually.
|
||
|
|
timeout : scalar, optional, default: 30
|
||
|
|
Number of seconds to wait before timing out. If zero or negative
|
||
|
|
will never timeout.
|
||
|
|
show_clicks : bool, optional, default: True
|
||
|
|
If True, show a red cross at the location of each click.
|
||
|
|
mouse_add : {1, 2, 3, None}, optional, default: 1 (left click)
|
||
|
|
Mouse button used to add points.
|
||
|
|
mouse_pop : {1, 2, 3, None}, optional, default: 3 (right click)
|
||
|
|
Mouse button used to remove the most recently added point.
|
||
|
|
mouse_stop : {1, 2, 3, None}, optional, default: 2 (middle click)
|
||
|
|
Mouse button used to stop input.
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
Returns
|
||
|
|
-------
|
||
|
|
points : list of tuples
|
||
|
|
A list of the clicked (x, y) coordinates.
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
Notes
|
||
|
|
-----
|
||
|
|
The keyboard can also be used to select points in case your mouse
|
||
|
|
does not have one or more of the buttons. The delete and backspace
|
||
|
|
keys act like right clicking (i.e., remove last point), the enter key
|
||
|
|
terminates input and any other key (not already used by the window
|
||
|
|
manager) selects a point.
|
||
|
|
"""
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
blocking_mouse_input = BlockingMouseInput(self,
|
||
|
|
mouse_add=mouse_add,
|
||
|
|
mouse_pop=mouse_pop,
|
||
|
|
mouse_stop=mouse_stop)
|
||
|
|
return blocking_mouse_input(n=n, timeout=timeout,
|
||
|
|
show_clicks=show_clicks)
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
def waitforbuttonpress(self, timeout=-1):
|
||
|
|
"""
|
||
|
|
Blocking call to interact with the figure.
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
This will return True is a key was pressed, False if a mouse
|
||
|
|
button was pressed and None if *timeout* was reached without
|
||
|
|
either being pressed.
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
If *timeout* is negative, does not timeout.
|
||
|
|
"""
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
blocking_input = BlockingKeyMouseInput(self)
|
||
|
|
return blocking_input(timeout=timeout)
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
def get_default_bbox_extra_artists(self):
|
||
|
|
bbox_artists = [artist for artist in self.get_children()
|
||
|
|
if (artist.get_visible() and artist.get_in_layout())]
|
||
|
|
for ax in self.axes:
|
||
|
|
if ax.get_visible():
|
||
|
|
bbox_artists.extend(ax.get_default_bbox_extra_artists())
|
||
|
|
# we don't want the figure's patch to influence the bbox calculation
|
||
|
|
if self.patch in bbox_artists:
|
||
|
|
bbox_artists.remove(self.patch)
|
||
|
|
return bbox_artists
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
def get_tightbbox(self, renderer, bbox_extra_artists=None):
|
||
|
|
"""
|
||
|
|
Return a (tight) bounding box of the figure in inches.
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
Artists that have ``artist.set_in_layout(False)`` are not included
|
||
|
|
in the bbox.
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
Parameters
|
||
|
|
----------
|
||
|
|
renderer : `.RendererBase` instance
|
||
|
|
renderer that will be used to draw the figures (i.e.
|
||
|
|
``fig.canvas.get_renderer()``)
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
bbox_extra_artists : list of `.Artist` or ``None``
|
||
|
|
List of artists to include in the tight bounding box. If
|
||
|
|
``None`` (default), then all artist children of each axes are
|
||
|
|
included in the tight bounding box.
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
Returns
|
||
|
|
-------
|
||
|
|
bbox : `.BboxBase`
|
||
|
|
containing the bounding box (in figure inches).
|
||
|
|
"""
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
bb = []
|
||
|
|
if bbox_extra_artists is None:
|
||
|
|
artists = self.get_default_bbox_extra_artists()
|
||
|
|
else:
|
||
|
|
artists = bbox_extra_artists
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
for a in artists:
|
||
|
|
bbox = a.get_tightbbox(renderer)
|
||
|
|
if bbox is not None and (bbox.width != 0 or bbox.height != 0):
|
||
|
|
bb.append(bbox)
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
for ax in self.axes:
|
||
|
|
if ax.get_visible():
|
||
|
|
# some axes don't take the bbox_extra_artists kwarg so we
|
||
|
|
# need this conditional....
|
||
|
|
try:
|
||
|
|
bbox = ax.get_tightbbox(renderer,
|
||
|
|
bbox_extra_artists=bbox_extra_artists)
|
||
|
|
except TypeError:
|
||
|
|
bbox = ax.get_tightbbox(renderer)
|
||
|
|
bb.append(bbox)
|
||
|
|
bb = [b for b in bb
|
||
|
|
if (np.isfinite(b.width) and np.isfinite(b.height)
|
||
|
|
and (b.width != 0 or b.height != 0))]
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
if len(bb) == 0:
|
||
|
|
return self.bbox_inches
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
_bbox = Bbox.union(bb)
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
bbox_inches = TransformedBbox(_bbox,
|
||
|
|
Affine2D().scale(1. / self.dpi))
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
return bbox_inches
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
def init_layoutbox(self):
|
||
|
|
"""Initialize the layoutbox for use in constrained_layout."""
|
||
|
|
if self._layoutbox is None:
|
||
|
|
self._layoutbox = layoutbox.LayoutBox(parent=None,
|
||
|
|
name='figlb',
|
||
|
|
artist=self)
|
||
|
|
self._layoutbox.constrain_geometry(0., 0., 1., 1.)
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
def execute_constrained_layout(self, renderer=None):
|
||
|
|
"""
|
||
|
|
Use ``layoutbox`` to determine pos positions within axes.
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
See also `.set_constrained_layout_pads`.
|
||
|
|
"""
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
from matplotlib._constrained_layout import do_constrained_layout
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
_log.debug('Executing constrainedlayout')
|
||
|
|
if self._layoutbox is None:
|
||
|
|
cbook._warn_external("Calling figure.constrained_layout, but "
|
||
|
|
"figure not setup to do constrained layout. "
|
||
|
|
" You either called GridSpec without the "
|
||
|
|
"fig keyword, you are using plt.subplot, "
|
||
|
|
"or you need to call figure or subplots "
|
||
|
|
"with the constrained_layout=True kwarg.")
|
||
|
|
return
|
||
|
|
w_pad, h_pad, wspace, hspace = self.get_constrained_layout_pads()
|
||
|
|
# convert to unit-relative lengths
|
||
|
|
fig = self
|
||
|
|
width, height = fig.get_size_inches()
|
||
|
|
w_pad = w_pad / width
|
||
|
|
h_pad = h_pad / height
|
||
|
|
if renderer is None:
|
||
|
|
renderer = layoutbox.get_renderer(fig)
|
||
|
|
do_constrained_layout(fig, renderer, h_pad, w_pad, hspace, wspace)
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
def tight_layout(self, renderer=None, pad=1.08, h_pad=None, w_pad=None,
|
||
|
|
rect=None):
|
||
|
|
"""
|
||
|
|
Automatically adjust subplot parameters to give specified padding.
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
To exclude an artist on the axes from the bounding box calculation
|
||
|
|
that determines the subplot parameters (i.e. legend, or annotation),
|
||
|
|
then set `a.set_in_layout(False)` for that artist.
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
Parameters
|
||
|
|
----------
|
||
|
|
renderer : subclass of `~.backend_bases.RendererBase`, optional
|
||
|
|
Defaults to the renderer for the figure.
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
pad : float, optional
|
||
|
|
Padding between the figure edge and the edges of subplots,
|
||
|
|
as a fraction of the font size.
|
||
|
|
h_pad, w_pad : float, optional
|
||
|
|
Padding (height/width) between edges of adjacent subplots,
|
||
|
|
as a fraction of the font size. Defaults to *pad*.
|
||
|
|
rect : tuple (left, bottom, right, top), optional
|
||
|
|
A rectangle (left, bottom, right, top) in the normalized
|
||
|
|
figure coordinate that the whole subplots area (including
|
||
|
|
labels) will fit into. Default is (0, 0, 1, 1).
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
See Also
|
||
|
|
--------
|
||
|
|
.Figure.set_tight_layout
|
||
|
|
.pyplot.tight_layout
|
||
|
|
"""
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
from .tight_layout import (
|
||
|
|
get_renderer, get_subplotspec_list, get_tight_layout_figure)
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
subplotspec_list = get_subplotspec_list(self.axes)
|
||
|
|
if None in subplotspec_list:
|
||
|
|
cbook._warn_external("This figure includes Axes that are not "
|
||
|
|
"compatible with tight_layout, so results "
|
||
|
|
"might be incorrect.")
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
if renderer is None:
|
||
|
|
renderer = get_renderer(self)
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
kwargs = get_tight_layout_figure(
|
||
|
|
self, self.axes, subplotspec_list, renderer,
|
||
|
|
pad=pad, h_pad=h_pad, w_pad=w_pad, rect=rect)
|
||
|
|
if kwargs:
|
||
|
|
self.subplots_adjust(**kwargs)
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
def align_xlabels(self, axs=None):
|
||
|
|
"""
|
||
|
|
Align the ylabels of subplots in the same subplot column if label
|
||
|
|
alignment is being done automatically (i.e. the label position is
|
||
|
|
not manually set).
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
Alignment persists for draw events after this is called.
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
If a label is on the bottom, it is aligned with labels on axes that
|
||
|
|
also have their label on the bottom and that have the same
|
||
|
|
bottom-most subplot row. If the label is on the top,
|
||
|
|
it is aligned with labels on axes with the same top-most row.
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
Parameters
|
||
|
|
----------
|
||
|
|
axs : list of `~matplotlib.axes.Axes`
|
||
|
|
Optional list of (or ndarray) `~matplotlib.axes.Axes`
|
||
|
|
to align the xlabels.
|
||
|
|
Default is to align all axes on the figure.
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
See Also
|
||
|
|
--------
|
||
|
|
matplotlib.figure.Figure.align_ylabels
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
matplotlib.figure.Figure.align_labels
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
Notes
|
||
|
|
-----
|
||
|
|
This assumes that ``axs`` are from the same `.GridSpec`, so that
|
||
|
|
their `.SubplotSpec` positions correspond to figure positions.
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
Examples
|
||
|
|
--------
|
||
|
|
Example with rotated xtick labels::
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
fig, axs = plt.subplots(1, 2)
|
||
|
|
for tick in axs[0].get_xticklabels():
|
||
|
|
tick.set_rotation(55)
|
||
|
|
axs[0].set_xlabel('XLabel 0')
|
||
|
|
axs[1].set_xlabel('XLabel 1')
|
||
|
|
fig.align_xlabels()
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
"""
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
if axs is None:
|
||
|
|
axs = self.axes
|
||
|
|
axs = np.asarray(axs).ravel()
|
||
|
|
for ax in axs:
|
||
|
|
_log.debug(' Working on: %s', ax.get_xlabel())
|
||
|
|
ss = ax.get_subplotspec()
|
||
|
|
nrows, ncols, row0, row1, col0, col1 = ss.get_rows_columns()
|
||
|
|
labpo = ax.xaxis.get_label_position() # top or bottom
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
# loop through other axes, and search for label positions
|
||
|
|
# that are same as this one, and that share the appropriate
|
||
|
|
# row number.
|
||
|
|
# Add to a grouper associated with each axes of sibblings.
|
||
|
|
# This list is inspected in `axis.draw` by
|
||
|
|
# `axis._update_label_position`.
|
||
|
|
for axc in axs:
|
||
|
|
if axc.xaxis.get_label_position() == labpo:
|
||
|
|
ss = axc.get_subplotspec()
|
||
|
|
nrows, ncols, rowc0, rowc1, colc, col1 = \
|
||
|
|
ss.get_rows_columns()
|
||
|
|
if (labpo == 'bottom' and rowc1 == row1 or
|
||
|
|
labpo == 'top' and rowc0 == row0):
|
||
|
|
# grouper for groups of xlabels to align
|
||
|
|
self._align_xlabel_grp.join(ax, axc)
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
def align_ylabels(self, axs=None):
|
||
|
|
"""
|
||
|
|
Align the ylabels of subplots in the same subplot column if label
|
||
|
|
alignment is being done automatically (i.e. the label position is
|
||
|
|
not manually set).
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
Alignment persists for draw events after this is called.
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
If a label is on the left, it is aligned with labels on axes that
|
||
|
|
also have their label on the left and that have the same
|
||
|
|
left-most subplot column. If the label is on the right,
|
||
|
|
it is aligned with labels on axes with the same right-most column.
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
Parameters
|
||
|
|
----------
|
||
|
|
axs : list of `~matplotlib.axes.Axes`
|
||
|
|
Optional list (or ndarray) of `~matplotlib.axes.Axes`
|
||
|
|
to align the ylabels.
|
||
|
|
Default is to align all axes on the figure.
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
See Also
|
||
|
|
--------
|
||
|
|
matplotlib.figure.Figure.align_xlabels
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
matplotlib.figure.Figure.align_labels
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
Notes
|
||
|
|
-----
|
||
|
|
This assumes that ``axs`` are from the same `.GridSpec`, so that
|
||
|
|
their `.SubplotSpec` positions correspond to figure positions.
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
Examples
|
||
|
|
--------
|
||
|
|
Example with large yticks labels::
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
fig, axs = plt.subplots(2, 1)
|
||
|
|
axs[0].plot(np.arange(0, 1000, 50))
|
||
|
|
axs[0].set_ylabel('YLabel 0')
|
||
|
|
axs[1].set_ylabel('YLabel 1')
|
||
|
|
fig.align_ylabels()
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
"""
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
if axs is None:
|
||
|
|
axs = self.axes
|
||
|
|
axs = np.asarray(axs).ravel()
|
||
|
|
for ax in axs:
|
||
|
|
_log.debug(' Working on: %s', ax.get_ylabel())
|
||
|
|
ss = ax.get_subplotspec()
|
||
|
|
nrows, ncols, row0, row1, col0, col1 = ss.get_rows_columns()
|
||
|
|
labpo = ax.yaxis.get_label_position() # left or right
|
||
|
|
# loop through other axes, and search for label positions
|
||
|
|
# that are same as this one, and that share the appropriate
|
||
|
|
# column number.
|
||
|
|
# Add to a list associated with each axes of sibblings.
|
||
|
|
# This list is inspected in `axis.draw` by
|
||
|
|
# `axis._update_label_position`.
|
||
|
|
for axc in axs:
|
||
|
|
if axc != ax:
|
||
|
|
if axc.yaxis.get_label_position() == labpo:
|
||
|
|
ss = axc.get_subplotspec()
|
||
|
|
nrows, ncols, row0, row1, colc0, colc1 = \
|
||
|
|
ss.get_rows_columns()
|
||
|
|
if (labpo == 'left' and colc0 == col0 or
|
||
|
|
labpo == 'right' and colc1 == col1):
|
||
|
|
# grouper for groups of ylabels to align
|
||
|
|
self._align_ylabel_grp.join(ax, axc)
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
def align_labels(self, axs=None):
|
||
|
|
"""
|
||
|
|
Align the xlabels and ylabels of subplots with the same subplots
|
||
|
|
row or column (respectively) if label alignment is being
|
||
|
|
done automatically (i.e. the label position is not manually set).
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
Alignment persists for draw events after this is called.
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
Parameters
|
||
|
|
----------
|
||
|
|
axs : list of `~matplotlib.axes.Axes`
|
||
|
|
Optional list (or ndarray) of `~matplotlib.axes.Axes`
|
||
|
|
to align the labels.
|
||
|
|
Default is to align all axes on the figure.
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
See Also
|
||
|
|
--------
|
||
|
|
matplotlib.figure.Figure.align_xlabels
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
matplotlib.figure.Figure.align_ylabels
|
||
|
|
"""
|
||
|
|
self.align_xlabels(axs=axs)
|
||
|
|
self.align_ylabels(axs=axs)
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
def add_gridspec(self, nrows, ncols, **kwargs):
|
||
|
|
"""
|
||
|
|
Return a `.GridSpec` that has this figure as a parent. This allows
|
||
|
|
complex layout of axes in the figure.
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
Parameters
|
||
|
|
----------
|
||
|
|
nrows : int
|
||
|
|
Number of rows in grid.
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
ncols : int
|
||
|
|
Number or columns in grid.
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
Returns
|
||
|
|
-------
|
||
|
|
gridspec : `.GridSpec`
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
Other Parameters
|
||
|
|
----------------
|
||
|
|
**kwargs
|
||
|
|
Keyword arguments are passed to `.GridSpec`.
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
See Also
|
||
|
|
--------
|
||
|
|
matplotlib.pyplot.subplots
|
||
|
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Examples
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|
--------
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Adding a subplot that spans two rows::
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fig = plt.figure()
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gs = fig.add_gridspec(2, 2)
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ax1 = fig.add_subplot(gs[0, 0])
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ax2 = fig.add_subplot(gs[1, 0])
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# spans two rows:
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|
ax3 = fig.add_subplot(gs[:, 1])
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|
|
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|
"""
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_ = kwargs.pop('figure', None) # pop in case user has added this...
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gs = GridSpec(nrows=nrows, ncols=ncols, figure=self, **kwargs)
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self._gridspecs.append(gs)
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return gs
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def figaspect(arg):
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"""
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|
Calculate the width and height for a figure with a specified aspect ratio.
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|
|
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|
While the height is taken from :rc:`figure.figsize`, the width is
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|
|
adjusted to match the desired aspect ratio. Additionally, it is ensured
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|
|
that the width is in the range [4., 16.] and the height is in the range
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|
|
[2., 16.]. If necessary, the default height is adjusted to ensure this.
|
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|
|
|
||
|
|
Parameters
|
||
|
|
----------
|
||
|
|
arg : scalar or 2d array
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||
|
|
If a scalar, this defines the aspect ratio (i.e. the ratio height /
|
||
|
|
width).
|
||
|
|
In case of an array the aspect ratio is number of rows / number of
|
||
|
|
columns, so that the array could be fitted in the figure undistorted.
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
Returns
|
||
|
|
-------
|
||
|
|
width, height
|
||
|
|
The figure size in inches.
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
Notes
|
||
|
|
-----
|
||
|
|
If you want to create an axes within the figure, that still preserves the
|
||
|
|
aspect ratio, be sure to create it with equal width and height. See
|
||
|
|
examples below.
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
Thanks to Fernando Perez for this function.
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
Examples
|
||
|
|
--------
|
||
|
|
Make a figure twice as tall as it is wide::
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
w, h = figaspect(2.)
|
||
|
|
fig = Figure(figsize=(w, h))
|
||
|
|
ax = fig.add_axes([0.1, 0.1, 0.8, 0.8])
|
||
|
|
ax.imshow(A, **kwargs)
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
Make a figure with the proper aspect for an array::
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
A = rand(5,3)
|
||
|
|
w, h = figaspect(A)
|
||
|
|
fig = Figure(figsize=(w, h))
|
||
|
|
ax = fig.add_axes([0.1, 0.1, 0.8, 0.8])
|
||
|
|
ax.imshow(A, **kwargs)
|
||
|
|
"""
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
isarray = hasattr(arg, 'shape') and not np.isscalar(arg)
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
# min/max sizes to respect when autoscaling. If John likes the idea, they
|
||
|
|
# could become rc parameters, for now they're hardwired.
|
||
|
|
figsize_min = np.array((4.0, 2.0)) # min length for width/height
|
||
|
|
figsize_max = np.array((16.0, 16.0)) # max length for width/height
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
# Extract the aspect ratio of the array
|
||
|
|
if isarray:
|
||
|
|
nr, nc = arg.shape[:2]
|
||
|
|
arr_ratio = nr / nc
|
||
|
|
else:
|
||
|
|
arr_ratio = arg
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
# Height of user figure defaults
|
||
|
|
fig_height = rcParams['figure.figsize'][1]
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
# New size for the figure, keeping the aspect ratio of the caller
|
||
|
|
newsize = np.array((fig_height / arr_ratio, fig_height))
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
# Sanity checks, don't drop either dimension below figsize_min
|
||
|
|
newsize /= min(1.0, *(newsize / figsize_min))
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
# Avoid humongous windows as well
|
||
|
|
newsize /= max(1.0, *(newsize / figsize_max))
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
# Finally, if we have a really funky aspect ratio, break it but respect
|
||
|
|
# the min/max dimensions (we don't want figures 10 feet tall!)
|
||
|
|
newsize = np.clip(newsize, figsize_min, figsize_max)
|
||
|
|
return newsize
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
docstring.interpd.update(Figure=martist.kwdoc(Figure))
|