forked from tdwojak/Python2017
770 lines
14 KiB
Plaintext
770 lines
14 KiB
Plaintext
{
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"cells": [
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{
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"cell_type": "markdown",
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"metadata": {
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"slideshow": {
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"slide_type": "slide"
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}
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},
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"source": [
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"# Ogólne wprowadzenie do Pythona\n",
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"\n",
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" \n",
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"\n",
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"## 19 Listopada 2017"
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]
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},
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{
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"cell_type": "markdown",
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"metadata": {
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"slideshow": {
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"slide_type": "slide"
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}
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},
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"source": [
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"## Hello Python!"
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]
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},
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{
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"cell_type": "code",
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"execution_count": null,
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"metadata": {
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"collapsed": true,
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"slideshow": {
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"slide_type": "fragment"
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}
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},
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"outputs": [],
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"source": [
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"print('Hello Python')"
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]
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},
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{
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"cell_type": "code",
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"execution_count": null,
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"metadata": {
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"collapsed": true,
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"slideshow": {
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"slide_type": "fragment"
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}
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},
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"outputs": [],
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"source": [
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"print('Hello Python')\n",
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"print(10) \n",
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"print(3.14)\n",
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"print(123456789 * 987654321)\n",
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"print(10 ** 20)\n",
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"print(12 ** (3 + 4 *(567 % 8) / 9))\n",
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"print(\"PI\", \"jest równe \", 3.1415)"
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]
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},
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{
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"cell_type": "markdown",
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"metadata": {
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"slideshow": {
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"slide_type": "slide"
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}
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},
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"source": [
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"## Komentarze\n",
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" * Komentarze nie są interpretowane.\n",
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" * Komentarze w Pythonie zaczynają się od znaku '#'\n",
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" * Istnieją komentarze wielolinijkowe tagowane potrójnym \", czyli \"\"\" \"\"\"\n"
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]
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},
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{
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"cell_type": "code",
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"execution_count": null,
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"metadata": {
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"collapsed": true,
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"slideshow": {
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"slide_type": "fragment"
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}
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},
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"outputs": [],
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"source": [
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"print(\"Bardzo ważna wiadomość\") # A to jest komentarz\n",
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"\"\"\"\n",
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"Komentarz\n",
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"wielo-\n",
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"linijkowy\n",
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"\"\"\"\n",
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"# print(\"Nie chcę być wydrukowanym\")\n",
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"print(\"A teraz chcę\")"
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]
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},
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{
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"cell_type": "markdown",
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"metadata": {
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"slideshow": {
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"slide_type": "slide"
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}
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},
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"source": [
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"## Zmienne\n",
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" * case sensitive,\n",
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" * brak deklaracji typu,\n",
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" * do zmiennej można pezypisać wszystko."
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]
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},
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{
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"cell_type": "code",
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"execution_count": null,
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"metadata": {
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"collapsed": true,
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"slideshow": {
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"slide_type": "fragment"
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}
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},
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"outputs": [],
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"source": [
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"zmienna = \"Zmienna\"\n",
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"zmienna = 10 ** 44\n",
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"ocena_z_pythona = 5\n",
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"pi = 3.1415\n",
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"imie_prowadzacego = 'Tomek'\n",
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"nazwisko_prowadzego = \"Dwojak\"\n",
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"czy_lubie_pythona = True # False \n",
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"nic = None"
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]
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},
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{
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"cell_type": "code",
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"execution_count": null,
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"metadata": {
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"collapsed": true,
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"slideshow": {
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"slide_type": "fragment"
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}
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},
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"outputs": [],
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"source": [
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"lucky_number = 7\n",
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"lucky_number +=8\n",
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"lucky_number = lucky_number / 3\n",
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"print(lucky_number)"
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]
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},
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{
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"cell_type": "code",
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"execution_count": null,
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"metadata": {
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"collapsed": true,
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"slideshow": {
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"slide_type": "fragment"
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}
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},
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"outputs": [],
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"source": [
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"print(type(ocena_z_pythona))\n",
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"print(type(pi))\n",
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"print(type(imie_prowadzacego))\n",
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"print(type(nazwisko_prowadzego))\n",
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"print(type(czy_lubie_pythona))"
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]
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},
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{
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"cell_type": "markdown",
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"metadata": {
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"slideshow": {
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"slide_type": "slide"
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}
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},
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"source": [
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"## Listy\n",
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" * W Pythonie nie ma tablic, są listy;\n",
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" * Listy mogą przechowywać elementy różnych typów;\n",
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" * Indeksowanie zaczyna się od 0."
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]
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},
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{
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"cell_type": "code",
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"execution_count": null,
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"metadata": {
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"collapsed": true,
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"slideshow": {
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"slide_type": "slide"
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}
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},
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"outputs": [],
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"source": [
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"pusta_lista = [] # albo równoważnie pusta_lista = list()\n",
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"oceny = [5, 4, 3, 5, 5]\n",
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"roznosci = [3.14, \"pi\", [\"pi\"], 3]\n",
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"ciag_10_elem = range(10)\n",
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"\n",
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"print(\"ciąg:\", ciag_10_elem)\n",
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"print(\"rożności:\", roznosci)"
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]
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},
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{
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"cell_type": "markdown",
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"metadata": {
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"slideshow": {
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"slide_type": "slide"
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}
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},
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"source": [
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"## Dodawanie i usuwanie elementów z listy"
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]
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},
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{
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"cell_type": "code",
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"execution_count": null,
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"metadata": {
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"collapsed": true,
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"slideshow": {
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"slide_type": "fragment"
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}
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},
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"outputs": [],
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"source": [
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"oceny.append(4) # Dodanie elementu na koniec\n",
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"print(oceny)"
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]
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},
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{
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"cell_type": "code",
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"execution_count": null,
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"metadata": {
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"collapsed": true,
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"slideshow": {
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"slide_type": "fragment"
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}
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},
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"outputs": [],
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"source": [
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"oceny.extend([4,4,4]) # Rozszerzenie o inną listę\n",
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"print(oceny)"
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]
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},
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{
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"cell_type": "code",
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"execution_count": null,
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"metadata": {
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"collapsed": true,
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"slideshow": {
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"slide_type": "fragment"
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}
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},
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"outputs": [],
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"source": [
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"oceny.pop(4) # Domyślnie usuwa ostatni element z listy\n",
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"print(oceny)"
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]
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},
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{
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"cell_type": "markdown",
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"metadata": {
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"slideshow": {
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"slide_type": "slide"
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}
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},
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"source": [
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"## Indeksowanie"
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]
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},
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{
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"cell_type": "code",
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"execution_count": null,
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"metadata": {
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"collapsed": true,
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"slideshow": {
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"slide_type": "fragment"
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}
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},
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"outputs": [],
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"source": [
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"print(oceny)\n",
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"print('pierwszy element:', oceny[0])\n",
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"print('ostatni element:', oceny[-1])\n",
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"print('5 pierwszych:', oceny[:5])\n",
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"print('5 ostatnich', oceny[-5:])\n",
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"print('od drugiego, do piątego', oceny[1:5])\n",
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"print('parzyste:', oceny[::2])\n",
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"print('od tyłu', oceny[::-1])"
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]
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},
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{
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"cell_type": "markdown",
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"metadata": {
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"slideshow": {
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"slide_type": "slide"
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}
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},
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"source": [
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"## Co możemy zrobić z listą?"
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]
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},
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{
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"cell_type": "code",
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"execution_count": null,
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"metadata": {
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"collapsed": true,
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"slideshow": {
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"slide_type": "fragment"
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}
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},
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"outputs": [],
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"source": [
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"oceny.sort()\n",
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"print(oceny)\n",
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"oceny.reverse()\n",
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"print(\"liczba piątek\", oceny.count(5))"
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]
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},
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{
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"cell_type": "markdown",
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"metadata": {
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"slideshow": {
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"slide_type": "slide"
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}
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},
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"source": [
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"## Pętla typu ```for```\n",
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" * W Pythonie pętla *for* działa jak pętla *for each* w innych językach;\n",
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" * W Pythonie nie ma klamr, ani *begin* i *end*; jako ciało pętli musi być wcięte (najcześciej 4 spacje)."
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]
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},
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{
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"cell_type": "code",
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"execution_count": null,
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"metadata": {
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"collapsed": true,
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"slideshow": {
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"slide_type": "fragment"
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}
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},
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"outputs": [],
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"source": [
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"for i in range(10):# range[5] = [0,1,2,3,4]\n",
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" pass\n",
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" \n",
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"print('element:', i) # Uwaga wcięcie!\n",
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"print('sqr:', i **2) # Uwaga wcięcie!"
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]
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},
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{
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"cell_type": "markdown",
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"metadata": {
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"slideshow": {
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"slide_type": "fragment"
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}
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},
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"source": [
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"Schemat:"
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]
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},
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{
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"cell_type": "code",
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"execution_count": null,
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"metadata": {
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"collapsed": true,
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"slideshow": {
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"slide_type": "fragment"
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}
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},
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"outputs": [],
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"source": [
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"for zmienna in lista:\n",
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" # jakiś kod"
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]
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},
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{
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"cell_type": "code",
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"execution_count": null,
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"metadata": {
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"collapsed": true,
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"slideshow": {
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"slide_type": "fragment"
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}
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},
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"outputs": [],
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"source": [
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"for ocena in oceny:\n",
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" print(\"Ocena:\", ocena)"
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]
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},
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{
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"cell_type": "markdown",
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"metadata": {
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"slideshow": {
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"slide_type": "slide"
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}
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},
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"source": [
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"## Lista kwadratów"
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]
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},
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{
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"cell_type": "code",
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"execution_count": null,
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"metadata": {
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"collapsed": true,
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"slideshow": {
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"slide_type": "fragment"
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}
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},
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"outputs": [],
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"source": [
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"kwadraty = []\n",
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"for i in range(10):\n",
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" kwadraty.append(i ** 2)\n",
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"print(kwadraty)\n",
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"print(kwadraty[5])"
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]
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},
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{
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"cell_type": "markdown",
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"metadata": {
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"slideshow": {
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"slide_type": "slide"
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}
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},
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"source": [
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"## Słowniki, czyli mapy"
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]
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},
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{
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"cell_type": "code",
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"execution_count": null,
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"metadata": {
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"collapsed": true,
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"slideshow": {
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"slide_type": "fragment"
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}
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},
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"outputs": [],
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"source": [
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"slownik = {}\n",
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"s_oceny = {\"Justyna\" : [5,5,5], \"Bartek\" : [3,4,5], \"Ola\": [3,3,3]}\n",
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"print(s_oceny)\n",
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"s_oceny[1234567890] = [3,4,5]\n",
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"#print(\"ADAM:\", s_oceny[\"Adam\"])\n",
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"print(s_oceny)"
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]
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},
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{
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"cell_type": "code",
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"execution_count": null,
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"metadata": {
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"collapsed": true,
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"slideshow": {
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"slide_type": "fragment"
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}
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},
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"outputs": [],
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"source": [
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"s_oceny['Ala'] = [2,2,2,4,4,4,3,3,3]\n",
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"print(s_oceny)"
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]
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},
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{
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"cell_type": "markdown",
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"metadata": {
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"slideshow": {
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"slide_type": "slide"
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}
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},
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"source": [
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"## Iterowanie po słowniku"
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]
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},
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{
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"cell_type": "code",
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"execution_count": null,
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"metadata": {
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"collapsed": true,
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"slideshow": {
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"slide_type": "fragment"
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}
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},
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"outputs": [],
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"source": [
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"for osoba in s_oceny:\n",
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" print(osoba,':', s_oceny[osoba])"
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]
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},
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{
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"cell_type": "code",
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"execution_count": null,
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"metadata": {
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"collapsed": true,
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"slideshow": {
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"slide_type": "fragment"
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}
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},
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"outputs": [],
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"source": [
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"for osoba, oceny in s_oceny.items():\n",
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" print(osoba,':', oceny)"
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]
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},
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{
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"cell_type": "markdown",
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"metadata": {
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"slideshow": {
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"slide_type": "slide"
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}
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},
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"source": [
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"## Instrukcja sterująca ```if ... else```"
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]
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},
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{
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"cell_type": "markdown",
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|
"metadata": {
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|
"slideshow": {
|
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"slide_type": "fragment"
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}
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},
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"source": [
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" * działa tak samo, jak w innych języka;\n",
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" * jest dodatkowa instrukcja następnego warunku *elif...*;"
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]
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},
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{
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"cell_type": "code",
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"execution_count": null,
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|
"metadata": {
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|
"collapsed": true,
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|
"slideshow": {
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"slide_type": "fragment"
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}
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},
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"outputs": [],
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"source": [
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"zmienna = 7\n",
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"if zmienna < 0:\n",
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" print(\"Ujemna!\")\n",
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"elif zmienna == 0:\n",
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" print(\"Zero!\")\n"
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]
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},
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{
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"cell_type": "code",
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|
"execution_count": null,
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|
"metadata": {
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|
"collapsed": true,
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|
"slideshow": {
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"slide_type": "fragment"
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|
}
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},
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"outputs": [],
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"source": [
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"if \"Ala\" in s_oceny:\n",
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" print(\"Ala jest w grupie!\")\n",
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"else:\n",
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" print(\"Niestety Ali nie ma grupie!\")"
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]
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},
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{
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"cell_type": "markdown",
|
|
"metadata": {
|
|
"slideshow": {
|
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"slide_type": "slide"
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}
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},
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"source": [
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"## Funkcje"
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]
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},
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{
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|
"cell_type": "code",
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|
"execution_count": null,
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"metadata": {
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"collapsed": true,
|
|
"slideshow": {
|
|
"slide_type": "fragment"
|
|
}
|
|
},
|
|
"outputs": [],
|
|
"source": [
|
|
"def is_greater_than_5(x):\n",
|
|
" if x > 5:\n",
|
|
" return True\n",
|
|
" else:\n",
|
|
" return False"
|
|
]
|
|
},
|
|
{
|
|
"cell_type": "code",
|
|
"execution_count": null,
|
|
"metadata": {
|
|
"collapsed": true,
|
|
"slideshow": {
|
|
"slide_type": "fragment"
|
|
}
|
|
},
|
|
"outputs": [],
|
|
"source": [
|
|
"print(is_greater_than_5(5))\n",
|
|
"print(is_greater_than_5(-100))\n",
|
|
"print(is_greater_than_5(500))"
|
|
]
|
|
},
|
|
{
|
|
"cell_type": "markdown",
|
|
"metadata": {
|
|
"collapsed": true,
|
|
"slideshow": {
|
|
"slide_type": "slide"
|
|
}
|
|
},
|
|
"source": [
|
|
"# Łańcuchy znakowe"
|
|
]
|
|
},
|
|
{
|
|
"cell_type": "code",
|
|
"execution_count": 2,
|
|
"metadata": {
|
|
"slideshow": {
|
|
"slide_type": "fragment"
|
|
}
|
|
},
|
|
"outputs": [
|
|
{
|
|
"name": "stdout",
|
|
"output_type": "stream",
|
|
"text": [
|
|
"Wiadomość\n"
|
|
]
|
|
}
|
|
],
|
|
"source": [
|
|
"napis = \"Wiadomość\"\n",
|
|
"print(napis)"
|
|
]
|
|
},
|
|
{
|
|
"cell_type": "code",
|
|
"execution_count": 3,
|
|
"metadata": {
|
|
"slideshow": {
|
|
"slide_type": "slide"
|
|
}
|
|
},
|
|
"outputs": [
|
|
{
|
|
"name": "stdout",
|
|
"output_type": "stream",
|
|
"text": [
|
|
"W 87\n",
|
|
"i 105\n",
|
|
"a 97\n",
|
|
"d 100\n",
|
|
"o 111\n",
|
|
"m 109\n",
|
|
"o 111\n",
|
|
"ś 347\n",
|
|
"ć 263\n"
|
|
]
|
|
}
|
|
],
|
|
"source": [
|
|
"for znak in napis:\n",
|
|
" print(znak, ord(znak))"
|
|
]
|
|
},
|
|
{
|
|
"cell_type": "code",
|
|
"execution_count": null,
|
|
"metadata": {
|
|
"collapsed": true,
|
|
"slideshow": {
|
|
"slide_type": "slide"
|
|
}
|
|
},
|
|
"outputs": [],
|
|
"source": [
|
|
"if 'dom' in napis:\n",
|
|
" print(True)\n",
|
|
"else:\n",
|
|
" print(False)"
|
|
]
|
|
},
|
|
{
|
|
"cell_type": "code",
|
|
"execution_count": null,
|
|
"metadata": {
|
|
"collapsed": true,
|
|
"slideshow": {
|
|
"slide_type": "slide"
|
|
}
|
|
},
|
|
"outputs": [],
|
|
"source": [
|
|
"slowa = ['Bardzo' , 'ważna', 'wiadomość']\n",
|
|
"print(' '.join(slowa))"
|
|
]
|
|
},
|
|
{
|
|
"cell_type": "code",
|
|
"execution_count": null,
|
|
"metadata": {
|
|
"collapsed": true,
|
|
"slideshow": {
|
|
"slide_type": "fragment"
|
|
}
|
|
},
|
|
"outputs": [],
|
|
"source": [
|
|
"text = \"Bardzo ważna wiadomość\"\n",
|
|
"print(text.split(' '))"
|
|
]
|
|
},
|
|
{
|
|
"cell_type": "code",
|
|
"execution_count": null,
|
|
"metadata": {
|
|
"collapsed": true,
|
|
"slideshow": {
|
|
"slide_type": "fragment"
|
|
}
|
|
},
|
|
"outputs": [],
|
|
"source": [
|
|
"text = \"Nie wszyscy lubią spacje na końcu linii. \"\n",
|
|
"print(text)\n",
|
|
"print(text.strip(' '))"
|
|
]
|
|
},
|
|
{
|
|
"cell_type": "markdown",
|
|
"metadata": {
|
|
"slideshow": {
|
|
"slide_type": "slide"
|
|
}
|
|
},
|
|
"source": [
|
|
"# Pytania?"
|
|
]
|
|
}
|
|
],
|
|
"metadata": {
|
|
"celltoolbar": "Slideshow",
|
|
"kernelspec": {
|
|
"display_name": "Python 3",
|
|
"language": "python",
|
|
"name": "python3"
|
|
},
|
|
"language_info": {
|
|
"codemirror_mode": {
|
|
"name": "ipython",
|
|
"version": 3
|
|
},
|
|
"file_extension": ".py",
|
|
"mimetype": "text/x-python",
|
|
"name": "python",
|
|
"nbconvert_exporter": "python",
|
|
"pygments_lexer": "ipython3",
|
|
"version": "3.6.3"
|
|
}
|
|
},
|
|
"nbformat": 4,
|
|
"nbformat_minor": 1
|
|
}
|