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Inzynierka/Lib/site-packages/pandas/core/arrays/datetimes.py
s464967 bc721132bc first commit
2023-06-02 12:51:02 +02:00

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from __future__ import annotations
from datetime import (
datetime,
time,
timedelta,
tzinfo,
)
from typing import (
TYPE_CHECKING,
Iterator,
cast,
)
import warnings
import numpy as np
from pandas._libs import (
lib,
tslib,
)
from pandas._libs.tslibs import (
BaseOffset,
NaT,
NaTType,
Resolution,
Timestamp,
astype_overflowsafe,
fields,
get_resolution,
get_supported_reso,
get_unit_from_dtype,
ints_to_pydatetime,
is_date_array_normalized,
is_supported_unit,
is_unitless,
normalize_i8_timestamps,
npy_unit_to_abbrev,
timezones,
to_offset,
tz_convert_from_utc,
tzconversion,
)
from pandas._libs.tslibs.dtypes import abbrev_to_npy_unit
from pandas._typing import (
DateTimeErrorChoices,
IntervalClosedType,
TimeAmbiguous,
TimeNonexistent,
npt,
)
from pandas.errors import PerformanceWarning
from pandas.util._exceptions import find_stack_level
from pandas.util._validators import validate_inclusive
from pandas.core.dtypes.common import (
DT64NS_DTYPE,
INT64_DTYPE,
is_bool_dtype,
is_datetime64_any_dtype,
is_datetime64_dtype,
is_datetime64tz_dtype,
is_dtype_equal,
is_extension_array_dtype,
is_float_dtype,
is_object_dtype,
is_period_dtype,
is_sparse,
is_string_dtype,
is_timedelta64_dtype,
pandas_dtype,
)
from pandas.core.dtypes.dtypes import (
DatetimeTZDtype,
ExtensionDtype,
)
from pandas.core.dtypes.missing import isna
from pandas.core.arrays import datetimelike as dtl
from pandas.core.arrays._ranges import generate_regular_range
import pandas.core.common as com
from pandas.tseries.frequencies import get_period_alias
from pandas.tseries.offsets import (
Day,
Tick,
)
if TYPE_CHECKING:
from pandas import DataFrame
from pandas.core.arrays import PeriodArray
_midnight = time(0, 0)
def tz_to_dtype(tz: tzinfo | None, unit: str = "ns"):
"""
Return a datetime64[ns] dtype appropriate for the given timezone.
Parameters
----------
tz : tzinfo or None
unit : str, default "ns"
Returns
-------
np.dtype or Datetime64TZDType
"""
if tz is None:
return np.dtype(f"M8[{unit}]")
else:
return DatetimeTZDtype(tz=tz, unit=unit)
def _field_accessor(name: str, field: str, docstring=None):
def f(self):
values = self._local_timestamps()
if field in self._bool_ops:
result: np.ndarray
if field.endswith(("start", "end")):
freq = self.freq
month_kw = 12
if freq:
kwds = freq.kwds
month_kw = kwds.get("startingMonth", kwds.get("month", 12))
result = fields.get_start_end_field(
values, field, self.freqstr, month_kw, reso=self._creso
)
else:
result = fields.get_date_field(values, field, reso=self._creso)
# these return a boolean by-definition
return result
if field in self._object_ops:
result = fields.get_date_name_field(values, field, reso=self._creso)
result = self._maybe_mask_results(result, fill_value=None)
else:
result = fields.get_date_field(values, field, reso=self._creso)
result = self._maybe_mask_results(
result, fill_value=None, convert="float64"
)
return result
f.__name__ = name
f.__doc__ = docstring
return property(f)
class DatetimeArray(dtl.TimelikeOps, dtl.DatelikeOps):
"""
Pandas ExtensionArray for tz-naive or tz-aware datetime data.
.. warning::
DatetimeArray is currently experimental, and its API may change
without warning. In particular, :attr:`DatetimeArray.dtype` is
expected to change to always be an instance of an ``ExtensionDtype``
subclass.
Parameters
----------
values : Series, Index, DatetimeArray, ndarray
The datetime data.
For DatetimeArray `values` (or a Series or Index boxing one),
`dtype` and `freq` will be extracted from `values`.
dtype : numpy.dtype or DatetimeTZDtype
Note that the only NumPy dtype allowed is 'datetime64[ns]'.
freq : str or Offset, optional
The frequency.
copy : bool, default False
Whether to copy the underlying array of values.
Attributes
----------
None
Methods
-------
None
"""
_typ = "datetimearray"
_internal_fill_value = np.datetime64("NaT", "ns")
_recognized_scalars = (datetime, np.datetime64)
_is_recognized_dtype = is_datetime64_any_dtype
_infer_matches = ("datetime", "datetime64", "date")
@property
def _scalar_type(self) -> type[Timestamp]:
return Timestamp
# define my properties & methods for delegation
_bool_ops: list[str] = [
"is_month_start",
"is_month_end",
"is_quarter_start",
"is_quarter_end",
"is_year_start",
"is_year_end",
"is_leap_year",
]
_object_ops: list[str] = ["freq", "tz"]
_field_ops: list[str] = [
"year",
"month",
"day",
"hour",
"minute",
"second",
"weekday",
"dayofweek",
"day_of_week",
"dayofyear",
"day_of_year",
"quarter",
"days_in_month",
"daysinmonth",
"microsecond",
"nanosecond",
]
_other_ops: list[str] = ["date", "time", "timetz"]
_datetimelike_ops: list[str] = (
_field_ops + _object_ops + _bool_ops + _other_ops + ["unit"]
)
_datetimelike_methods: list[str] = [
"to_period",
"tz_localize",
"tz_convert",
"normalize",
"strftime",
"round",
"floor",
"ceil",
"month_name",
"day_name",
"as_unit",
]
# ndim is inherited from ExtensionArray, must exist to ensure
# Timestamp.__richcmp__(DateTimeArray) operates pointwise
# ensure that operations with numpy arrays defer to our implementation
__array_priority__ = 1000
# -----------------------------------------------------------------
# Constructors
_dtype: np.dtype | DatetimeTZDtype
_freq: BaseOffset | None = None
_default_dtype = DT64NS_DTYPE # used in TimeLikeOps.__init__
@classmethod
def _validate_dtype(cls, values, dtype):
# used in TimeLikeOps.__init__
_validate_dt64_dtype(values.dtype)
dtype = _validate_dt64_dtype(dtype)
return dtype
# error: Signature of "_simple_new" incompatible with supertype "NDArrayBacked"
@classmethod
def _simple_new( # type: ignore[override]
cls,
values: np.ndarray,
freq: BaseOffset | None = None,
dtype=DT64NS_DTYPE,
) -> DatetimeArray:
assert isinstance(values, np.ndarray)
assert dtype.kind == "M"
if isinstance(dtype, np.dtype):
assert dtype == values.dtype
assert not is_unitless(dtype)
else:
# DatetimeTZDtype. If we have e.g. DatetimeTZDtype[us, UTC],
# then values.dtype should be M8[us].
assert dtype._creso == get_unit_from_dtype(values.dtype)
result = super()._simple_new(values, dtype)
result._freq = freq
return result
@classmethod
def _from_sequence(cls, scalars, *, dtype=None, copy: bool = False):
return cls._from_sequence_not_strict(scalars, dtype=dtype, copy=copy)
@classmethod
def _from_sequence_not_strict(
cls,
data,
*,
dtype=None,
copy: bool = False,
tz=lib.no_default,
freq: str | BaseOffset | lib.NoDefault | None = lib.no_default,
dayfirst: bool = False,
yearfirst: bool = False,
ambiguous: TimeAmbiguous = "raise",
):
"""
A non-strict version of _from_sequence, called from DatetimeIndex.__new__.
"""
explicit_none = freq is None
freq = freq if freq is not lib.no_default else None
freq, freq_infer = dtl.maybe_infer_freq(freq)
# if the user either explicitly passes tz=None or a tz-naive dtype, we
# disallows inferring a tz.
explicit_tz_none = tz is None
if tz is lib.no_default:
tz = None
else:
tz = timezones.maybe_get_tz(tz)
dtype = _validate_dt64_dtype(dtype)
# if dtype has an embedded tz, capture it
tz = _validate_tz_from_dtype(dtype, tz, explicit_tz_none)
unit = None
if dtype is not None:
if isinstance(dtype, np.dtype):
unit = np.datetime_data(dtype)[0]
else:
# DatetimeTZDtype
unit = dtype.unit
subarr, tz, inferred_freq = _sequence_to_dt64ns(
data,
copy=copy,
tz=tz,
dayfirst=dayfirst,
yearfirst=yearfirst,
ambiguous=ambiguous,
out_unit=unit,
)
# We have to call this again after possibly inferring a tz above
_validate_tz_from_dtype(dtype, tz, explicit_tz_none)
if tz is not None and explicit_tz_none:
raise ValueError(
"Passed data is timezone-aware, incompatible with 'tz=None'. "
"Use obj.tz_localize(None) instead."
)
freq, freq_infer = dtl.validate_inferred_freq(freq, inferred_freq, freq_infer)
if explicit_none:
freq = None
data_unit = np.datetime_data(subarr.dtype)[0]
data_dtype = tz_to_dtype(tz, data_unit)
result = cls._simple_new(subarr, freq=freq, dtype=data_dtype)
if unit is not None and unit != result.unit:
# If unit was specified in user-passed dtype, cast to it here
result = result.as_unit(unit)
if inferred_freq is None and freq is not None:
# this condition precludes `freq_infer`
cls._validate_frequency(result, freq, ambiguous=ambiguous)
elif freq_infer:
# Set _freq directly to bypass duplicative _validate_frequency
# check.
result._freq = to_offset(result.inferred_freq)
return result
# error: Signature of "_generate_range" incompatible with supertype
# "DatetimeLikeArrayMixin"
@classmethod
def _generate_range( # type: ignore[override]
cls,
start,
end,
periods,
freq,
tz=None,
normalize: bool = False,
ambiguous: TimeAmbiguous = "raise",
nonexistent: TimeNonexistent = "raise",
inclusive: IntervalClosedType = "both",
*,
unit: str | None = None,
) -> DatetimeArray:
periods = dtl.validate_periods(periods)
if freq is None and any(x is None for x in [periods, start, end]):
raise ValueError("Must provide freq argument if no data is supplied")
if com.count_not_none(start, end, periods, freq) != 3:
raise ValueError(
"Of the four parameters: start, end, periods, "
"and freq, exactly three must be specified"
)
freq = to_offset(freq)
if start is not None:
start = Timestamp(start)
if end is not None:
end = Timestamp(end)
if start is NaT or end is NaT:
raise ValueError("Neither `start` nor `end` can be NaT")
if unit is not None:
if unit not in ["s", "ms", "us", "ns"]:
raise ValueError("'unit' must be one of 's', 'ms', 'us', 'ns'")
else:
unit = "ns"
if start is not None and unit is not None:
start = start.as_unit(unit, round_ok=False)
if end is not None and unit is not None:
end = end.as_unit(unit, round_ok=False)
left_inclusive, right_inclusive = validate_inclusive(inclusive)
start, end = _maybe_normalize_endpoints(start, end, normalize)
tz = _infer_tz_from_endpoints(start, end, tz)
if tz is not None:
# Localize the start and end arguments
start_tz = None if start is None else start.tz
end_tz = None if end is None else end.tz
start = _maybe_localize_point(
start, start_tz, start, freq, tz, ambiguous, nonexistent
)
end = _maybe_localize_point(
end, end_tz, end, freq, tz, ambiguous, nonexistent
)
if freq is not None:
# We break Day arithmetic (fixed 24 hour) here and opt for
# Day to mean calendar day (23/24/25 hour). Therefore, strip
# tz info from start and day to avoid DST arithmetic
if isinstance(freq, Day):
if start is not None:
start = start.tz_localize(None)
if end is not None:
end = end.tz_localize(None)
if isinstance(freq, Tick):
i8values = generate_regular_range(start, end, periods, freq, unit=unit)
else:
xdr = _generate_range(
start=start, end=end, periods=periods, offset=freq, unit=unit
)
i8values = np.array([x._value for x in xdr], dtype=np.int64)
endpoint_tz = start.tz if start is not None else end.tz
if tz is not None and endpoint_tz is None:
if not timezones.is_utc(tz):
# short-circuit tz_localize_to_utc which would make
# an unnecessary copy with UTC but be a no-op.
creso = abbrev_to_npy_unit(unit)
i8values = tzconversion.tz_localize_to_utc(
i8values,
tz,
ambiguous=ambiguous,
nonexistent=nonexistent,
creso=creso,
)
# i8values is localized datetime64 array -> have to convert
# start/end as well to compare
if start is not None:
start = start.tz_localize(tz, ambiguous, nonexistent)
if end is not None:
end = end.tz_localize(tz, ambiguous, nonexistent)
else:
# Create a linearly spaced date_range in local time
# Nanosecond-granularity timestamps aren't always correctly
# representable with doubles, so we limit the range that we
# pass to np.linspace as much as possible
i8values = (
np.linspace(0, end._value - start._value, periods, dtype="int64")
+ start._value
)
if i8values.dtype != "i8":
# 2022-01-09 I (brock) am not sure if it is possible for this
# to overflow and cast to e.g. f8, but if it does we need to cast
i8values = i8values.astype("i8")
if start == end:
if not left_inclusive and not right_inclusive:
i8values = i8values[1:-1]
else:
start_i8 = Timestamp(start)._value
end_i8 = Timestamp(end)._value
if not left_inclusive or not right_inclusive:
if not left_inclusive and len(i8values) and i8values[0] == start_i8:
i8values = i8values[1:]
if not right_inclusive and len(i8values) and i8values[-1] == end_i8:
i8values = i8values[:-1]
dt64_values = i8values.view(f"datetime64[{unit}]")
dtype = tz_to_dtype(tz, unit=unit)
return cls._simple_new(dt64_values, freq=freq, dtype=dtype)
# -----------------------------------------------------------------
# DatetimeLike Interface
def _unbox_scalar(self, value) -> np.datetime64:
if not isinstance(value, self._scalar_type) and value is not NaT:
raise ValueError("'value' should be a Timestamp.")
self._check_compatible_with(value)
if value is NaT:
return np.datetime64(value._value, self.unit)
else:
return value.as_unit(self.unit).asm8
def _scalar_from_string(self, value) -> Timestamp | NaTType:
return Timestamp(value, tz=self.tz)
def _check_compatible_with(self, other) -> None:
if other is NaT:
return
self._assert_tzawareness_compat(other)
# -----------------------------------------------------------------
# Descriptive Properties
def _box_func(self, x: np.datetime64) -> Timestamp | NaTType:
# GH#42228
value = x.view("i8")
ts = Timestamp._from_value_and_reso(value, reso=self._creso, tz=self.tz)
return ts
@property
# error: Return type "Union[dtype, DatetimeTZDtype]" of "dtype"
# incompatible with return type "ExtensionDtype" in supertype
# "ExtensionArray"
def dtype(self) -> np.dtype | DatetimeTZDtype: # type: ignore[override]
"""
The dtype for the DatetimeArray.
.. warning::
A future version of pandas will change dtype to never be a
``numpy.dtype``. Instead, :attr:`DatetimeArray.dtype` will
always be an instance of an ``ExtensionDtype`` subclass.
Returns
-------
numpy.dtype or DatetimeTZDtype
If the values are tz-naive, then ``np.dtype('datetime64[ns]')``
is returned.
If the values are tz-aware, then the ``DatetimeTZDtype``
is returned.
"""
return self._dtype
@property
def tz(self) -> tzinfo | None:
"""
Return the timezone.
Returns
-------
datetime.tzinfo, pytz.tzinfo.BaseTZInfo, dateutil.tz.tz.tzfile, or None
Returns None when the array is tz-naive.
"""
# GH 18595
return getattr(self.dtype, "tz", None)
@tz.setter
def tz(self, value):
# GH 3746: Prevent localizing or converting the index by setting tz
raise AttributeError(
"Cannot directly set timezone. Use tz_localize() "
"or tz_convert() as appropriate"
)
@property
def tzinfo(self) -> tzinfo | None:
"""
Alias for tz attribute
"""
return self.tz
@property # NB: override with cache_readonly in immutable subclasses
def is_normalized(self) -> bool:
"""
Returns True if all of the dates are at midnight ("no time")
"""
return is_date_array_normalized(self.asi8, self.tz, reso=self._creso)
@property # NB: override with cache_readonly in immutable subclasses
def _resolution_obj(self) -> Resolution:
return get_resolution(self.asi8, self.tz, reso=self._creso)
# ----------------------------------------------------------------
# Array-Like / EA-Interface Methods
def __array__(self, dtype=None) -> np.ndarray:
if dtype is None and self.tz:
# The default for tz-aware is object, to preserve tz info
dtype = object
return super().__array__(dtype=dtype)
def __iter__(self) -> Iterator:
"""
Return an iterator over the boxed values
Yields
------
tstamp : Timestamp
"""
if self.ndim > 1:
for i in range(len(self)):
yield self[i]
else:
# convert in chunks of 10k for efficiency
data = self.asi8
length = len(self)
chunksize = 10000
chunks = (length // chunksize) + 1
for i in range(chunks):
start_i = i * chunksize
end_i = min((i + 1) * chunksize, length)
converted = ints_to_pydatetime(
data[start_i:end_i],
tz=self.tz,
box="timestamp",
reso=self._creso,
)
yield from converted
def astype(self, dtype, copy: bool = True):
# We handle
# --> datetime
# --> period
# DatetimeLikeArrayMixin Super handles the rest.
dtype = pandas_dtype(dtype)
if is_dtype_equal(dtype, self.dtype):
if copy:
return self.copy()
return self
elif isinstance(dtype, ExtensionDtype):
if not isinstance(dtype, DatetimeTZDtype):
# e.g. Sparse[datetime64[ns]]
return super().astype(dtype, copy=copy)
elif self.tz is None:
# pre-2.0 this did self.tz_localize(dtype.tz), which did not match
# the Series behavior which did
# values.tz_localize("UTC").tz_convert(dtype.tz)
raise TypeError(
"Cannot use .astype to convert from timezone-naive dtype to "
"timezone-aware dtype. Use obj.tz_localize instead or "
"series.dt.tz_localize instead"
)
else:
# tzaware unit conversion e.g. datetime64[s, UTC]
np_dtype = np.dtype(dtype.str)
res_values = astype_overflowsafe(self._ndarray, np_dtype, copy=copy)
return type(self)._simple_new(res_values, dtype=dtype, freq=self.freq)
elif (
self.tz is None
and is_datetime64_dtype(dtype)
and not is_unitless(dtype)
and is_supported_unit(get_unit_from_dtype(dtype))
):
# unit conversion e.g. datetime64[s]
res_values = astype_overflowsafe(self._ndarray, dtype, copy=True)
return type(self)._simple_new(res_values, dtype=res_values.dtype)
# TODO: preserve freq?
elif self.tz is not None and is_datetime64_dtype(dtype):
# pre-2.0 behavior for DTA/DTI was
# values.tz_convert("UTC").tz_localize(None), which did not match
# the Series behavior
raise TypeError(
"Cannot use .astype to convert from timezone-aware dtype to "
"timezone-naive dtype. Use obj.tz_localize(None) or "
"obj.tz_convert('UTC').tz_localize(None) instead."
)
elif (
self.tz is None
and is_datetime64_dtype(dtype)
and dtype != self.dtype
and is_unitless(dtype)
):
raise TypeError(
"Casting to unit-less dtype 'datetime64' is not supported. "
"Pass e.g. 'datetime64[ns]' instead."
)
elif is_period_dtype(dtype):
return self.to_period(freq=dtype.freq)
return dtl.DatetimeLikeArrayMixin.astype(self, dtype, copy)
# -----------------------------------------------------------------
# Rendering Methods
def _format_native_types(
self, *, na_rep: str | float = "NaT", date_format=None, **kwargs
) -> npt.NDArray[np.object_]:
from pandas.io.formats.format import get_format_datetime64_from_values
fmt = get_format_datetime64_from_values(self, date_format)
return tslib.format_array_from_datetime(
self.asi8, tz=self.tz, format=fmt, na_rep=na_rep, reso=self._creso
)
# -----------------------------------------------------------------
# Comparison Methods
def _has_same_tz(self, other) -> bool:
# vzone shouldn't be None if value is non-datetime like
if isinstance(other, np.datetime64):
# convert to Timestamp as np.datetime64 doesn't have tz attr
other = Timestamp(other)
if not hasattr(other, "tzinfo"):
return False
other_tz = other.tzinfo
return timezones.tz_compare(self.tzinfo, other_tz)
def _assert_tzawareness_compat(self, other) -> None:
# adapted from _Timestamp._assert_tzawareness_compat
other_tz = getattr(other, "tzinfo", None)
other_dtype = getattr(other, "dtype", None)
if is_datetime64tz_dtype(other_dtype):
# Get tzinfo from Series dtype
other_tz = other.dtype.tz
if other is NaT:
# pd.NaT quacks both aware and naive
pass
elif self.tz is None:
if other_tz is not None:
raise TypeError(
"Cannot compare tz-naive and tz-aware datetime-like objects."
)
elif other_tz is None:
raise TypeError(
"Cannot compare tz-naive and tz-aware datetime-like objects"
)
# -----------------------------------------------------------------
# Arithmetic Methods
def _add_offset(self, offset) -> DatetimeArray:
assert not isinstance(offset, Tick)
if self.tz is not None:
values = self.tz_localize(None)
else:
values = self
try:
result = offset._apply_array(values).view(values.dtype)
except NotImplementedError:
warnings.warn(
"Non-vectorized DateOffset being applied to Series or DatetimeIndex.",
PerformanceWarning,
stacklevel=find_stack_level(),
)
result = self.astype("O") + offset
result = type(self)._from_sequence(result).as_unit(self.unit)
if not len(self):
# GH#30336 _from_sequence won't be able to infer self.tz
return result.tz_localize(self.tz)
else:
result = DatetimeArray._simple_new(result, dtype=result.dtype)
if self.tz is not None:
result = result.tz_localize(self.tz)
return result
# -----------------------------------------------------------------
# Timezone Conversion and Localization Methods
def _local_timestamps(self) -> npt.NDArray[np.int64]:
"""
Convert to an i8 (unix-like nanosecond timestamp) representation
while keeping the local timezone and not using UTC.
This is used to calculate time-of-day information as if the timestamps
were timezone-naive.
"""
if self.tz is None or timezones.is_utc(self.tz):
# Avoid the copy that would be made in tzconversion
return self.asi8
return tz_convert_from_utc(self.asi8, self.tz, reso=self._creso)
def tz_convert(self, tz) -> DatetimeArray:
"""
Convert tz-aware Datetime Array/Index from one time zone to another.
Parameters
----------
tz : str, pytz.timezone, dateutil.tz.tzfile, datetime.tzinfo or None
Time zone for time. Corresponding timestamps would be converted
to this time zone of the Datetime Array/Index. A `tz` of None will
convert to UTC and remove the timezone information.
Returns
-------
Array or Index
Raises
------
TypeError
If Datetime Array/Index is tz-naive.
See Also
--------
DatetimeIndex.tz : A timezone that has a variable offset from UTC.
DatetimeIndex.tz_localize : Localize tz-naive DatetimeIndex to a
given time zone, or remove timezone from a tz-aware DatetimeIndex.
Examples
--------
With the `tz` parameter, we can change the DatetimeIndex
to other time zones:
>>> dti = pd.date_range(start='2014-08-01 09:00',
... freq='H', periods=3, tz='Europe/Berlin')
>>> dti
DatetimeIndex(['2014-08-01 09:00:00+02:00',
'2014-08-01 10:00:00+02:00',
'2014-08-01 11:00:00+02:00'],
dtype='datetime64[ns, Europe/Berlin]', freq='H')
>>> dti.tz_convert('US/Central')
DatetimeIndex(['2014-08-01 02:00:00-05:00',
'2014-08-01 03:00:00-05:00',
'2014-08-01 04:00:00-05:00'],
dtype='datetime64[ns, US/Central]', freq='H')
With the ``tz=None``, we can remove the timezone (after converting
to UTC if necessary):
>>> dti = pd.date_range(start='2014-08-01 09:00', freq='H',
... periods=3, tz='Europe/Berlin')
>>> dti
DatetimeIndex(['2014-08-01 09:00:00+02:00',
'2014-08-01 10:00:00+02:00',
'2014-08-01 11:00:00+02:00'],
dtype='datetime64[ns, Europe/Berlin]', freq='H')
>>> dti.tz_convert(None)
DatetimeIndex(['2014-08-01 07:00:00',
'2014-08-01 08:00:00',
'2014-08-01 09:00:00'],
dtype='datetime64[ns]', freq='H')
"""
tz = timezones.maybe_get_tz(tz)
if self.tz is None:
# tz naive, use tz_localize
raise TypeError(
"Cannot convert tz-naive timestamps, use tz_localize to localize"
)
# No conversion since timestamps are all UTC to begin with
dtype = tz_to_dtype(tz, unit=self.unit)
return self._simple_new(self._ndarray, dtype=dtype, freq=self.freq)
@dtl.ravel_compat
def tz_localize(
self,
tz,
ambiguous: TimeAmbiguous = "raise",
nonexistent: TimeNonexistent = "raise",
) -> DatetimeArray:
"""
Localize tz-naive Datetime Array/Index to tz-aware Datetime Array/Index.
This method takes a time zone (tz) naive Datetime Array/Index object
and makes this time zone aware. It does not move the time to another
time zone.
This method can also be used to do the inverse -- to create a time
zone unaware object from an aware object. To that end, pass `tz=None`.
Parameters
----------
tz : str, pytz.timezone, dateutil.tz.tzfile, datetime.tzinfo or None
Time zone to convert timestamps to. Passing ``None`` will
remove the time zone information preserving local time.
ambiguous : 'infer', 'NaT', bool array, default 'raise'
When clocks moved backward due to DST, ambiguous times may arise.
For example in Central European Time (UTC+01), when going from
03:00 DST to 02:00 non-DST, 02:30:00 local time occurs both at
00:30:00 UTC and at 01:30:00 UTC. In such a situation, the
`ambiguous` parameter dictates how ambiguous times should be
handled.
- 'infer' will attempt to infer fall dst-transition hours based on
order
- bool-ndarray where True signifies a DST time, False signifies a
non-DST time (note that this flag is only applicable for
ambiguous times)
- 'NaT' will return NaT where there are ambiguous times
- 'raise' will raise an AmbiguousTimeError if there are ambiguous
times.
nonexistent : 'shift_forward', 'shift_backward, 'NaT', timedelta, \
default 'raise'
A nonexistent time does not exist in a particular timezone
where clocks moved forward due to DST.
- 'shift_forward' will shift the nonexistent time forward to the
closest existing time
- 'shift_backward' will shift the nonexistent time backward to the
closest existing time
- 'NaT' will return NaT where there are nonexistent times
- timedelta objects will shift nonexistent times by the timedelta
- 'raise' will raise an NonExistentTimeError if there are
nonexistent times.
Returns
-------
Same type as self
Array/Index converted to the specified time zone.
Raises
------
TypeError
If the Datetime Array/Index is tz-aware and tz is not None.
See Also
--------
DatetimeIndex.tz_convert : Convert tz-aware DatetimeIndex from
one time zone to another.
Examples
--------
>>> tz_naive = pd.date_range('2018-03-01 09:00', periods=3)
>>> tz_naive
DatetimeIndex(['2018-03-01 09:00:00', '2018-03-02 09:00:00',
'2018-03-03 09:00:00'],
dtype='datetime64[ns]', freq='D')
Localize DatetimeIndex in US/Eastern time zone:
>>> tz_aware = tz_naive.tz_localize(tz='US/Eastern')
>>> tz_aware
DatetimeIndex(['2018-03-01 09:00:00-05:00',
'2018-03-02 09:00:00-05:00',
'2018-03-03 09:00:00-05:00'],
dtype='datetime64[ns, US/Eastern]', freq=None)
With the ``tz=None``, we can remove the time zone information
while keeping the local time (not converted to UTC):
>>> tz_aware.tz_localize(None)
DatetimeIndex(['2018-03-01 09:00:00', '2018-03-02 09:00:00',
'2018-03-03 09:00:00'],
dtype='datetime64[ns]', freq=None)
Be careful with DST changes. When there is sequential data, pandas can
infer the DST time:
>>> s = pd.to_datetime(pd.Series(['2018-10-28 01:30:00',
... '2018-10-28 02:00:00',
... '2018-10-28 02:30:00',
... '2018-10-28 02:00:00',
... '2018-10-28 02:30:00',
... '2018-10-28 03:00:00',
... '2018-10-28 03:30:00']))
>>> s.dt.tz_localize('CET', ambiguous='infer')
0 2018-10-28 01:30:00+02:00
1 2018-10-28 02:00:00+02:00
2 2018-10-28 02:30:00+02:00
3 2018-10-28 02:00:00+01:00
4 2018-10-28 02:30:00+01:00
5 2018-10-28 03:00:00+01:00
6 2018-10-28 03:30:00+01:00
dtype: datetime64[ns, CET]
In some cases, inferring the DST is impossible. In such cases, you can
pass an ndarray to the ambiguous parameter to set the DST explicitly
>>> s = pd.to_datetime(pd.Series(['2018-10-28 01:20:00',
... '2018-10-28 02:36:00',
... '2018-10-28 03:46:00']))
>>> s.dt.tz_localize('CET', ambiguous=np.array([True, True, False]))
0 2018-10-28 01:20:00+02:00
1 2018-10-28 02:36:00+02:00
2 2018-10-28 03:46:00+01:00
dtype: datetime64[ns, CET]
If the DST transition causes nonexistent times, you can shift these
dates forward or backwards with a timedelta object or `'shift_forward'`
or `'shift_backwards'`.
>>> s = pd.to_datetime(pd.Series(['2015-03-29 02:30:00',
... '2015-03-29 03:30:00']))
>>> s.dt.tz_localize('Europe/Warsaw', nonexistent='shift_forward')
0 2015-03-29 03:00:00+02:00
1 2015-03-29 03:30:00+02:00
dtype: datetime64[ns, Europe/Warsaw]
>>> s.dt.tz_localize('Europe/Warsaw', nonexistent='shift_backward')
0 2015-03-29 01:59:59.999999999+01:00
1 2015-03-29 03:30:00+02:00
dtype: datetime64[ns, Europe/Warsaw]
>>> s.dt.tz_localize('Europe/Warsaw', nonexistent=pd.Timedelta('1H'))
0 2015-03-29 03:30:00+02:00
1 2015-03-29 03:30:00+02:00
dtype: datetime64[ns, Europe/Warsaw]
"""
nonexistent_options = ("raise", "NaT", "shift_forward", "shift_backward")
if nonexistent not in nonexistent_options and not isinstance(
nonexistent, timedelta
):
raise ValueError(
"The nonexistent argument must be one of 'raise', "
"'NaT', 'shift_forward', 'shift_backward' or "
"a timedelta object"
)
if self.tz is not None:
if tz is None:
new_dates = tz_convert_from_utc(self.asi8, self.tz, reso=self._creso)
else:
raise TypeError("Already tz-aware, use tz_convert to convert.")
else:
tz = timezones.maybe_get_tz(tz)
# Convert to UTC
new_dates = tzconversion.tz_localize_to_utc(
self.asi8,
tz,
ambiguous=ambiguous,
nonexistent=nonexistent,
creso=self._creso,
)
new_dates = new_dates.view(f"M8[{self.unit}]")
dtype = tz_to_dtype(tz, unit=self.unit)
freq = None
if timezones.is_utc(tz) or (len(self) == 1 and not isna(new_dates[0])):
# we can preserve freq
# TODO: Also for fixed-offsets
freq = self.freq
elif tz is None and self.tz is None:
# no-op
freq = self.freq
return self._simple_new(new_dates, dtype=dtype, freq=freq)
# ----------------------------------------------------------------
# Conversion Methods - Vectorized analogues of Timestamp methods
def to_pydatetime(self) -> npt.NDArray[np.object_]:
"""
Return an ndarray of datetime.datetime objects.
Returns
-------
numpy.ndarray
"""
return ints_to_pydatetime(self.asi8, tz=self.tz, reso=self._creso)
def normalize(self) -> DatetimeArray:
"""
Convert times to midnight.
The time component of the date-time is converted to midnight i.e.
00:00:00. This is useful in cases, when the time does not matter.
Length is unaltered. The timezones are unaffected.
This method is available on Series with datetime values under
the ``.dt`` accessor, and directly on Datetime Array/Index.
Returns
-------
DatetimeArray, DatetimeIndex or Series
The same type as the original data. Series will have the same
name and index. DatetimeIndex will have the same name.
See Also
--------
floor : Floor the datetimes to the specified freq.
ceil : Ceil the datetimes to the specified freq.
round : Round the datetimes to the specified freq.
Examples
--------
>>> idx = pd.date_range(start='2014-08-01 10:00', freq='H',
... periods=3, tz='Asia/Calcutta')
>>> idx
DatetimeIndex(['2014-08-01 10:00:00+05:30',
'2014-08-01 11:00:00+05:30',
'2014-08-01 12:00:00+05:30'],
dtype='datetime64[ns, Asia/Calcutta]', freq='H')
>>> idx.normalize()
DatetimeIndex(['2014-08-01 00:00:00+05:30',
'2014-08-01 00:00:00+05:30',
'2014-08-01 00:00:00+05:30'],
dtype='datetime64[ns, Asia/Calcutta]', freq=None)
"""
new_values = normalize_i8_timestamps(self.asi8, self.tz, reso=self._creso)
dt64_values = new_values.view(self._ndarray.dtype)
dta = type(self)._simple_new(dt64_values, dtype=dt64_values.dtype)
dta = dta._with_freq("infer")
if self.tz is not None:
dta = dta.tz_localize(self.tz)
return dta
def to_period(self, freq=None) -> PeriodArray:
"""
Cast to PeriodArray/Index at a particular frequency.
Converts DatetimeArray/Index to PeriodArray/Index.
Parameters
----------
freq : str or Offset, optional
One of pandas' :ref:`offset strings <timeseries.offset_aliases>`
or an Offset object. Will be inferred by default.
Returns
-------
PeriodArray/Index
Raises
------
ValueError
When converting a DatetimeArray/Index with non-regular values,
so that a frequency cannot be inferred.
See Also
--------
PeriodIndex: Immutable ndarray holding ordinal values.
DatetimeIndex.to_pydatetime: Return DatetimeIndex as object.
Examples
--------
>>> df = pd.DataFrame({"y": [1, 2, 3]},
... index=pd.to_datetime(["2000-03-31 00:00:00",
... "2000-05-31 00:00:00",
... "2000-08-31 00:00:00"]))
>>> df.index.to_period("M")
PeriodIndex(['2000-03', '2000-05', '2000-08'],
dtype='period[M]')
Infer the daily frequency
>>> idx = pd.date_range("2017-01-01", periods=2)
>>> idx.to_period()
PeriodIndex(['2017-01-01', '2017-01-02'],
dtype='period[D]')
"""
from pandas.core.arrays import PeriodArray
if self.tz is not None:
warnings.warn(
"Converting to PeriodArray/Index representation "
"will drop timezone information.",
UserWarning,
stacklevel=find_stack_level(),
)
if freq is None:
freq = self.freqstr or self.inferred_freq
if freq is None:
raise ValueError(
"You must pass a freq argument as current index has none."
)
res = get_period_alias(freq)
# https://github.com/pandas-dev/pandas/issues/33358
if res is None:
res = freq
freq = res
return PeriodArray._from_datetime64(self._ndarray, freq, tz=self.tz)
# -----------------------------------------------------------------
# Properties - Vectorized Timestamp Properties/Methods
def month_name(self, locale=None) -> npt.NDArray[np.object_]:
"""
Return the month names with specified locale.
Parameters
----------
locale : str, optional
Locale determining the language in which to return the month name.
Default is English locale (``'en_US.utf8'``). Use the command
``locale -a`` on your terminal on Unix systems to find your locale
language code.
Returns
-------
Series or Index
Series or Index of month names.
Examples
--------
>>> s = pd.Series(pd.date_range(start='2018-01', freq='M', periods=3))
>>> s
0 2018-01-31
1 2018-02-28
2 2018-03-31
dtype: datetime64[ns]
>>> s.dt.month_name()
0 January
1 February
2 March
dtype: object
>>> idx = pd.date_range(start='2018-01', freq='M', periods=3)
>>> idx
DatetimeIndex(['2018-01-31', '2018-02-28', '2018-03-31'],
dtype='datetime64[ns]', freq='M')
>>> idx.month_name()
Index(['January', 'February', 'March'], dtype='object')
Using the ``locale`` parameter you can set a different locale language,
for example: ``idx.month_name(locale='pt_BR.utf8')`` will return month
names in Brazilian Portuguese language.
>>> idx = pd.date_range(start='2018-01', freq='M', periods=3)
>>> idx
DatetimeIndex(['2018-01-31', '2018-02-28', '2018-03-31'],
dtype='datetime64[ns]', freq='M')
>>> idx.month_name(locale='pt_BR.utf8') # doctest: +SKIP
Index(['Janeiro', 'Fevereiro', 'Março'], dtype='object')
"""
values = self._local_timestamps()
result = fields.get_date_name_field(
values, "month_name", locale=locale, reso=self._creso
)
result = self._maybe_mask_results(result, fill_value=None)
return result
def day_name(self, locale=None) -> npt.NDArray[np.object_]:
"""
Return the day names with specified locale.
Parameters
----------
locale : str, optional
Locale determining the language in which to return the day name.
Default is English locale (``'en_US.utf8'``). Use the command
``locale -a`` on your terminal on Unix systems to find your locale
language code.
Returns
-------
Series or Index
Series or Index of day names.
Examples
--------
>>> s = pd.Series(pd.date_range(start='2018-01-01', freq='D', periods=3))
>>> s
0 2018-01-01
1 2018-01-02
2 2018-01-03
dtype: datetime64[ns]
>>> s.dt.day_name()
0 Monday
1 Tuesday
2 Wednesday
dtype: object
>>> idx = pd.date_range(start='2018-01-01', freq='D', periods=3)
>>> idx
DatetimeIndex(['2018-01-01', '2018-01-02', '2018-01-03'],
dtype='datetime64[ns]', freq='D')
>>> idx.day_name()
Index(['Monday', 'Tuesday', 'Wednesday'], dtype='object')
Using the ``locale`` parameter you can set a different locale language,
for example: ``idx.day_name(locale='pt_BR.utf8')`` will return day
names in Brazilian Portuguese language.
>>> idx = pd.date_range(start='2018-01-01', freq='D', periods=3)
>>> idx
DatetimeIndex(['2018-01-01', '2018-01-02', '2018-01-03'],
dtype='datetime64[ns]', freq='D')
>>> idx.day_name(locale='pt_BR.utf8') # doctest: +SKIP
Index(['Segunda', 'Terça', 'Quarta'], dtype='object')
"""
values = self._local_timestamps()
result = fields.get_date_name_field(
values, "day_name", locale=locale, reso=self._creso
)
result = self._maybe_mask_results(result, fill_value=None)
return result
@property
def time(self) -> npt.NDArray[np.object_]:
"""
Returns numpy array of :class:`datetime.time` objects.
The time part of the Timestamps.
"""
# If the Timestamps have a timezone that is not UTC,
# convert them into their i8 representation while
# keeping their timezone and not using UTC
timestamps = self._local_timestamps()
return ints_to_pydatetime(timestamps, box="time", reso=self._creso)
@property
def timetz(self) -> npt.NDArray[np.object_]:
"""
Returns numpy array of :class:`datetime.time` objects with timezones.
The time part of the Timestamps.
"""
return ints_to_pydatetime(self.asi8, self.tz, box="time", reso=self._creso)
@property
def date(self) -> npt.NDArray[np.object_]:
"""
Returns numpy array of python :class:`datetime.date` objects.
Namely, the date part of Timestamps without time and
timezone information.
"""
# If the Timestamps have a timezone that is not UTC,
# convert them into their i8 representation while
# keeping their timezone and not using UTC
timestamps = self._local_timestamps()
return ints_to_pydatetime(timestamps, box="date", reso=self._creso)
def isocalendar(self) -> DataFrame:
"""
Calculate year, week, and day according to the ISO 8601 standard.
.. versionadded:: 1.1.0
Returns
-------
DataFrame
With columns year, week and day.
See Also
--------
Timestamp.isocalendar : Function return a 3-tuple containing ISO year,
week number, and weekday for the given Timestamp object.
datetime.date.isocalendar : Return a named tuple object with
three components: year, week and weekday.
Examples
--------
>>> idx = pd.date_range(start='2019-12-29', freq='D', periods=4)
>>> idx.isocalendar()
year week day
2019-12-29 2019 52 7
2019-12-30 2020 1 1
2019-12-31 2020 1 2
2020-01-01 2020 1 3
>>> idx.isocalendar().week
2019-12-29 52
2019-12-30 1
2019-12-31 1
2020-01-01 1
Freq: D, Name: week, dtype: UInt32
"""
from pandas import DataFrame
values = self._local_timestamps()
sarray = fields.build_isocalendar_sarray(values, reso=self._creso)
iso_calendar_df = DataFrame(
sarray, columns=["year", "week", "day"], dtype="UInt32"
)
if self._hasna:
iso_calendar_df.iloc[self._isnan] = None
return iso_calendar_df
year = _field_accessor(
"year",
"Y",
"""
The year of the datetime.
Examples
--------
>>> datetime_series = pd.Series(
... pd.date_range("2000-01-01", periods=3, freq="Y")
... )
>>> datetime_series
0 2000-12-31
1 2001-12-31
2 2002-12-31
dtype: datetime64[ns]
>>> datetime_series.dt.year
0 2000
1 2001
2 2002
dtype: int32
""",
)
month = _field_accessor(
"month",
"M",
"""
The month as January=1, December=12.
Examples
--------
>>> datetime_series = pd.Series(
... pd.date_range("2000-01-01", periods=3, freq="M")
... )
>>> datetime_series
0 2000-01-31
1 2000-02-29
2 2000-03-31
dtype: datetime64[ns]
>>> datetime_series.dt.month
0 1
1 2
2 3
dtype: int32
""",
)
day = _field_accessor(
"day",
"D",
"""
The day of the datetime.
Examples
--------
>>> datetime_series = pd.Series(
... pd.date_range("2000-01-01", periods=3, freq="D")
... )
>>> datetime_series
0 2000-01-01
1 2000-01-02
2 2000-01-03
dtype: datetime64[ns]
>>> datetime_series.dt.day
0 1
1 2
2 3
dtype: int32
""",
)
hour = _field_accessor(
"hour",
"h",
"""
The hours of the datetime.
Examples
--------
>>> datetime_series = pd.Series(
... pd.date_range("2000-01-01", periods=3, freq="h")
... )
>>> datetime_series
0 2000-01-01 00:00:00
1 2000-01-01 01:00:00
2 2000-01-01 02:00:00
dtype: datetime64[ns]
>>> datetime_series.dt.hour
0 0
1 1
2 2
dtype: int32
""",
)
minute = _field_accessor(
"minute",
"m",
"""
The minutes of the datetime.
Examples
--------
>>> datetime_series = pd.Series(
... pd.date_range("2000-01-01", periods=3, freq="T")
... )
>>> datetime_series
0 2000-01-01 00:00:00
1 2000-01-01 00:01:00
2 2000-01-01 00:02:00
dtype: datetime64[ns]
>>> datetime_series.dt.minute
0 0
1 1
2 2
dtype: int32
""",
)
second = _field_accessor(
"second",
"s",
"""
The seconds of the datetime.
Examples
--------
>>> datetime_series = pd.Series(
... pd.date_range("2000-01-01", periods=3, freq="s")
... )
>>> datetime_series
0 2000-01-01 00:00:00
1 2000-01-01 00:00:01
2 2000-01-01 00:00:02
dtype: datetime64[ns]
>>> datetime_series.dt.second
0 0
1 1
2 2
dtype: int32
""",
)
microsecond = _field_accessor(
"microsecond",
"us",
"""
The microseconds of the datetime.
Examples
--------
>>> datetime_series = pd.Series(
... pd.date_range("2000-01-01", periods=3, freq="us")
... )
>>> datetime_series
0 2000-01-01 00:00:00.000000
1 2000-01-01 00:00:00.000001
2 2000-01-01 00:00:00.000002
dtype: datetime64[ns]
>>> datetime_series.dt.microsecond
0 0
1 1
2 2
dtype: int32
""",
)
nanosecond = _field_accessor(
"nanosecond",
"ns",
"""
The nanoseconds of the datetime.
Examples
--------
>>> datetime_series = pd.Series(
... pd.date_range("2000-01-01", periods=3, freq="ns")
... )
>>> datetime_series
0 2000-01-01 00:00:00.000000000
1 2000-01-01 00:00:00.000000001
2 2000-01-01 00:00:00.000000002
dtype: datetime64[ns]
>>> datetime_series.dt.nanosecond
0 0
1 1
2 2
dtype: int32
""",
)
_dayofweek_doc = """
The day of the week with Monday=0, Sunday=6.
Return the day of the week. It is assumed the week starts on
Monday, which is denoted by 0 and ends on Sunday which is denoted
by 6. This method is available on both Series with datetime
values (using the `dt` accessor) or DatetimeIndex.
Returns
-------
Series or Index
Containing integers indicating the day number.
See Also
--------
Series.dt.dayofweek : Alias.
Series.dt.weekday : Alias.
Series.dt.day_name : Returns the name of the day of the week.
Examples
--------
>>> s = pd.date_range('2016-12-31', '2017-01-08', freq='D').to_series()
>>> s.dt.dayofweek
2016-12-31 5
2017-01-01 6
2017-01-02 0
2017-01-03 1
2017-01-04 2
2017-01-05 3
2017-01-06 4
2017-01-07 5
2017-01-08 6
Freq: D, dtype: int32
"""
day_of_week = _field_accessor("day_of_week", "dow", _dayofweek_doc)
dayofweek = day_of_week
weekday = day_of_week
day_of_year = _field_accessor(
"dayofyear",
"doy",
"""
The ordinal day of the year.
""",
)
dayofyear = day_of_year
quarter = _field_accessor(
"quarter",
"q",
"""
The quarter of the date.
""",
)
days_in_month = _field_accessor(
"days_in_month",
"dim",
"""
The number of days in the month.
""",
)
daysinmonth = days_in_month
_is_month_doc = """
Indicates whether the date is the {first_or_last} day of the month.
Returns
-------
Series or array
For Series, returns a Series with boolean values.
For DatetimeIndex, returns a boolean array.
See Also
--------
is_month_start : Return a boolean indicating whether the date
is the first day of the month.
is_month_end : Return a boolean indicating whether the date
is the last day of the month.
Examples
--------
This method is available on Series with datetime values under
the ``.dt`` accessor, and directly on DatetimeIndex.
>>> s = pd.Series(pd.date_range("2018-02-27", periods=3))
>>> s
0 2018-02-27
1 2018-02-28
2 2018-03-01
dtype: datetime64[ns]
>>> s.dt.is_month_start
0 False
1 False
2 True
dtype: bool
>>> s.dt.is_month_end
0 False
1 True
2 False
dtype: bool
>>> idx = pd.date_range("2018-02-27", periods=3)
>>> idx.is_month_start
array([False, False, True])
>>> idx.is_month_end
array([False, True, False])
"""
is_month_start = _field_accessor(
"is_month_start", "is_month_start", _is_month_doc.format(first_or_last="first")
)
is_month_end = _field_accessor(
"is_month_end", "is_month_end", _is_month_doc.format(first_or_last="last")
)
is_quarter_start = _field_accessor(
"is_quarter_start",
"is_quarter_start",
"""
Indicator for whether the date is the first day of a quarter.
Returns
-------
is_quarter_start : Series or DatetimeIndex
The same type as the original data with boolean values. Series will
have the same name and index. DatetimeIndex will have the same
name.
See Also
--------
quarter : Return the quarter of the date.
is_quarter_end : Similar property for indicating the quarter end.
Examples
--------
This method is available on Series with datetime values under
the ``.dt`` accessor, and directly on DatetimeIndex.
>>> df = pd.DataFrame({'dates': pd.date_range("2017-03-30",
... periods=4)})
>>> df.assign(quarter=df.dates.dt.quarter,
... is_quarter_start=df.dates.dt.is_quarter_start)
dates quarter is_quarter_start
0 2017-03-30 1 False
1 2017-03-31 1 False
2 2017-04-01 2 True
3 2017-04-02 2 False
>>> idx = pd.date_range('2017-03-30', periods=4)
>>> idx
DatetimeIndex(['2017-03-30', '2017-03-31', '2017-04-01', '2017-04-02'],
dtype='datetime64[ns]', freq='D')
>>> idx.is_quarter_start
array([False, False, True, False])
""",
)
is_quarter_end = _field_accessor(
"is_quarter_end",
"is_quarter_end",
"""
Indicator for whether the date is the last day of a quarter.
Returns
-------
is_quarter_end : Series or DatetimeIndex
The same type as the original data with boolean values. Series will
have the same name and index. DatetimeIndex will have the same
name.
See Also
--------
quarter : Return the quarter of the date.
is_quarter_start : Similar property indicating the quarter start.
Examples
--------
This method is available on Series with datetime values under
the ``.dt`` accessor, and directly on DatetimeIndex.
>>> df = pd.DataFrame({'dates': pd.date_range("2017-03-30",
... periods=4)})
>>> df.assign(quarter=df.dates.dt.quarter,
... is_quarter_end=df.dates.dt.is_quarter_end)
dates quarter is_quarter_end
0 2017-03-30 1 False
1 2017-03-31 1 True
2 2017-04-01 2 False
3 2017-04-02 2 False
>>> idx = pd.date_range('2017-03-30', periods=4)
>>> idx
DatetimeIndex(['2017-03-30', '2017-03-31', '2017-04-01', '2017-04-02'],
dtype='datetime64[ns]', freq='D')
>>> idx.is_quarter_end
array([False, True, False, False])
""",
)
is_year_start = _field_accessor(
"is_year_start",
"is_year_start",
"""
Indicate whether the date is the first day of a year.
Returns
-------
Series or DatetimeIndex
The same type as the original data with boolean values. Series will
have the same name and index. DatetimeIndex will have the same
name.
See Also
--------
is_year_end : Similar property indicating the last day of the year.
Examples
--------
This method is available on Series with datetime values under
the ``.dt`` accessor, and directly on DatetimeIndex.
>>> dates = pd.Series(pd.date_range("2017-12-30", periods=3))
>>> dates
0 2017-12-30
1 2017-12-31
2 2018-01-01
dtype: datetime64[ns]
>>> dates.dt.is_year_start
0 False
1 False
2 True
dtype: bool
>>> idx = pd.date_range("2017-12-30", periods=3)
>>> idx
DatetimeIndex(['2017-12-30', '2017-12-31', '2018-01-01'],
dtype='datetime64[ns]', freq='D')
>>> idx.is_year_start
array([False, False, True])
""",
)
is_year_end = _field_accessor(
"is_year_end",
"is_year_end",
"""
Indicate whether the date is the last day of the year.
Returns
-------
Series or DatetimeIndex
The same type as the original data with boolean values. Series will
have the same name and index. DatetimeIndex will have the same
name.
See Also
--------
is_year_start : Similar property indicating the start of the year.
Examples
--------
This method is available on Series with datetime values under
the ``.dt`` accessor, and directly on DatetimeIndex.
>>> dates = pd.Series(pd.date_range("2017-12-30", periods=3))
>>> dates
0 2017-12-30
1 2017-12-31
2 2018-01-01
dtype: datetime64[ns]
>>> dates.dt.is_year_end
0 False
1 True
2 False
dtype: bool
>>> idx = pd.date_range("2017-12-30", periods=3)
>>> idx
DatetimeIndex(['2017-12-30', '2017-12-31', '2018-01-01'],
dtype='datetime64[ns]', freq='D')
>>> idx.is_year_end
array([False, True, False])
""",
)
is_leap_year = _field_accessor(
"is_leap_year",
"is_leap_year",
"""
Boolean indicator if the date belongs to a leap year.
A leap year is a year, which has 366 days (instead of 365) including
29th of February as an intercalary day.
Leap years are years which are multiples of four with the exception
of years divisible by 100 but not by 400.
Returns
-------
Series or ndarray
Booleans indicating if dates belong to a leap year.
Examples
--------
This method is available on Series with datetime values under
the ``.dt`` accessor, and directly on DatetimeIndex.
>>> idx = pd.date_range("2012-01-01", "2015-01-01", freq="Y")
>>> idx
DatetimeIndex(['2012-12-31', '2013-12-31', '2014-12-31'],
dtype='datetime64[ns]', freq='A-DEC')
>>> idx.is_leap_year
array([ True, False, False])
>>> dates_series = pd.Series(idx)
>>> dates_series
0 2012-12-31
1 2013-12-31
2 2014-12-31
dtype: datetime64[ns]
>>> dates_series.dt.is_leap_year
0 True
1 False
2 False
dtype: bool
""",
)
def to_julian_date(self) -> npt.NDArray[np.float64]:
"""
Convert Datetime Array to float64 ndarray of Julian Dates.
0 Julian date is noon January 1, 4713 BC.
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Julian_day
"""
# http://mysite.verizon.net/aesir_research/date/jdalg2.htm
year = np.asarray(self.year)
month = np.asarray(self.month)
day = np.asarray(self.day)
testarr = month < 3
year[testarr] -= 1
month[testarr] += 12
return (
day
+ np.fix((153 * month - 457) / 5)
+ 365 * year
+ np.floor(year / 4)
- np.floor(year / 100)
+ np.floor(year / 400)
+ 1_721_118.5
+ (
self.hour
+ self.minute / 60
+ self.second / 3600
+ self.microsecond / 3600 / 10**6
+ self.nanosecond / 3600 / 10**9
)
/ 24
)
# -----------------------------------------------------------------
# Reductions
def std(
self,
axis=None,
dtype=None,
out=None,
ddof: int = 1,
keepdims: bool = False,
skipna: bool = True,
):
"""
Return sample standard deviation over requested axis.
Normalized by N-1 by default. This can be changed using the ddof argument
Parameters
----------
axis : int optional, default None
Axis for the function to be applied on.
For `Series` this parameter is unused and defaults to `None`.
ddof : int, default 1
Degrees of Freedom. The divisor used in calculations is N - ddof,
where N represents the number of elements.
skipna : bool, default True
Exclude NA/null values. If an entire row/column is NA, the result will be
NA.
Returns
-------
Timedelta
"""
# Because std is translation-invariant, we can get self.std
# by calculating (self - Timestamp(0)).std, and we can do it
# without creating a copy by using a view on self._ndarray
from pandas.core.arrays import TimedeltaArray
# Find the td64 dtype with the same resolution as our dt64 dtype
dtype_str = self._ndarray.dtype.name.replace("datetime64", "timedelta64")
dtype = np.dtype(dtype_str)
tda = TimedeltaArray._simple_new(self._ndarray.view(dtype), dtype=dtype)
return tda.std(axis=axis, out=out, ddof=ddof, keepdims=keepdims, skipna=skipna)
# -------------------------------------------------------------------
# Constructor Helpers
def _sequence_to_dt64ns(
data,
*,
copy: bool = False,
tz: tzinfo | None = None,
dayfirst: bool = False,
yearfirst: bool = False,
ambiguous: TimeAmbiguous = "raise",
out_unit: str | None = None,
):
"""
Parameters
----------
data : list-like
copy : bool, default False
tz : tzinfo or None, default None
dayfirst : bool, default False
yearfirst : bool, default False
ambiguous : str, bool, or arraylike, default 'raise'
See pandas._libs.tslibs.tzconversion.tz_localize_to_utc.
out_unit : str or None, default None
Desired output resolution.
Returns
-------
result : numpy.ndarray
The sequence converted to a numpy array with dtype ``datetime64[ns]``.
tz : tzinfo or None
Either the user-provided tzinfo or one inferred from the data.
inferred_freq : Tick or None
The inferred frequency of the sequence.
Raises
------
TypeError : PeriodDType data is passed
"""
inferred_freq = None
data, copy = dtl.ensure_arraylike_for_datetimelike(
data, copy, cls_name="DatetimeArray"
)
if isinstance(data, DatetimeArray):
inferred_freq = data.freq
# By this point we are assured to have either a numpy array or Index
data, copy = maybe_convert_dtype(data, copy, tz=tz)
data_dtype = getattr(data, "dtype", None)
out_dtype = DT64NS_DTYPE
if out_unit is not None:
out_dtype = np.dtype(f"M8[{out_unit}]")
if (
is_object_dtype(data_dtype)
or is_string_dtype(data_dtype)
or is_sparse(data_dtype)
):
# TODO: We do not have tests specific to string-dtypes,
# also complex or categorical or other extension
copy = False
if lib.infer_dtype(data, skipna=False) == "integer":
data = data.astype(np.int64)
elif tz is not None and ambiguous == "raise":
# TODO: yearfirst/dayfirst/etc?
obj_data = np.asarray(data, dtype=object)
i8data = tslib.array_to_datetime_with_tz(obj_data, tz)
return i8data.view(DT64NS_DTYPE), tz, None
else:
# data comes back here as either i8 to denote UTC timestamps
# or M8[ns] to denote wall times
data, inferred_tz = objects_to_datetime64ns(
data,
dayfirst=dayfirst,
yearfirst=yearfirst,
allow_object=False,
)
if tz and inferred_tz:
# two timezones: convert to intended from base UTC repr
assert data.dtype == "i8"
# GH#42505
# by convention, these are _already_ UTC, e.g
return data.view(DT64NS_DTYPE), tz, None
elif inferred_tz:
tz = inferred_tz
data_dtype = data.dtype
# `data` may have originally been a Categorical[datetime64[ns, tz]],
# so we need to handle these types.
if is_datetime64tz_dtype(data_dtype):
# DatetimeArray -> ndarray
tz = _maybe_infer_tz(tz, data.tz)
result = data._ndarray
elif is_datetime64_dtype(data_dtype):
# tz-naive DatetimeArray or ndarray[datetime64]
data = getattr(data, "_ndarray", data)
new_dtype = data.dtype
data_unit = get_unit_from_dtype(new_dtype)
if not is_supported_unit(data_unit):
# Cast to the nearest supported unit, generally "s"
new_reso = get_supported_reso(data_unit)
new_unit = npy_unit_to_abbrev(new_reso)
new_dtype = np.dtype(f"M8[{new_unit}]")
data = astype_overflowsafe(data, dtype=new_dtype, copy=False)
data_unit = get_unit_from_dtype(new_dtype)
copy = False
if data.dtype.byteorder == ">":
# TODO: better way to handle this? non-copying alternative?
# without this, test_constructor_datetime64_bigendian fails
data = data.astype(data.dtype.newbyteorder("<"))
new_dtype = data.dtype
copy = False
if tz is not None:
# Convert tz-naive to UTC
# TODO: if tz is UTC, are there situations where we *don't* want a
# copy? tz_localize_to_utc always makes one.
shape = data.shape
if data.ndim > 1:
data = data.ravel()
data = tzconversion.tz_localize_to_utc(
data.view("i8"), tz, ambiguous=ambiguous, creso=data_unit
)
data = data.view(new_dtype)
data = data.reshape(shape)
assert data.dtype == new_dtype, data.dtype
result = data
else:
# must be integer dtype otherwise
# assume this data are epoch timestamps
if data.dtype != INT64_DTYPE:
data = data.astype(np.int64, copy=False)
result = data.view(out_dtype)
if copy:
result = result.copy()
assert isinstance(result, np.ndarray), type(result)
assert result.dtype.kind == "M"
assert result.dtype != "M8"
assert is_supported_unit(get_unit_from_dtype(result.dtype))
return result, tz, inferred_freq
def objects_to_datetime64ns(
data: np.ndarray,
dayfirst,
yearfirst,
utc: bool = False,
errors: DateTimeErrorChoices = "raise",
allow_object: bool = False,
):
"""
Convert data to array of timestamps.
Parameters
----------
data : np.ndarray[object]
dayfirst : bool
yearfirst : bool
utc : bool, default False
Whether to convert/localize timestamps to UTC.
errors : {'raise', 'ignore', 'coerce'}
allow_object : bool
Whether to return an object-dtype ndarray instead of raising if the
data contains more than one timezone.
Returns
-------
result : ndarray
np.int64 dtype if returned values represent UTC timestamps
np.datetime64[ns] if returned values represent wall times
object if mixed timezones
inferred_tz : tzinfo or None
Raises
------
ValueError : if data cannot be converted to datetimes
"""
assert errors in ["raise", "ignore", "coerce"]
# if str-dtype, convert
data = np.array(data, copy=False, dtype=np.object_)
result, tz_parsed = tslib.array_to_datetime(
data,
errors=errors,
utc=utc,
dayfirst=dayfirst,
yearfirst=yearfirst,
)
if tz_parsed is not None:
# We can take a shortcut since the datetime64 numpy array
# is in UTC
# Return i8 values to denote unix timestamps
return result.view("i8"), tz_parsed
elif is_datetime64_dtype(result):
# returning M8[ns] denotes wall-times; since tz is None
# the distinction is a thin one
return result, tz_parsed
elif is_object_dtype(result):
# GH#23675 when called via `pd.to_datetime`, returning an object-dtype
# array is allowed. When called via `pd.DatetimeIndex`, we can
# only accept datetime64 dtype, so raise TypeError if object-dtype
# is returned, as that indicates the values can be recognized as
# datetimes but they have conflicting timezones/awareness
if allow_object:
return result, tz_parsed
raise TypeError(result)
else: # pragma: no cover
# GH#23675 this TypeError should never be hit, whereas the TypeError
# in the object-dtype branch above is reachable.
raise TypeError(result)
def maybe_convert_dtype(data, copy: bool, tz: tzinfo | None = None):
"""
Convert data based on dtype conventions, issuing
errors where appropriate.
Parameters
----------
data : np.ndarray or pd.Index
copy : bool
tz : tzinfo or None, default None
Returns
-------
data : np.ndarray or pd.Index
copy : bool
Raises
------
TypeError : PeriodDType data is passed
"""
if not hasattr(data, "dtype"):
# e.g. collections.deque
return data, copy
if is_float_dtype(data.dtype):
# pre-2.0 we treated these as wall-times, inconsistent with ints
# GH#23675, GH#45573 deprecated to treat symmetrically with integer dtypes.
# Note: data.astype(np.int64) fails ARM tests, see
# https://github.com/pandas-dev/pandas/issues/49468.
data = data.astype(DT64NS_DTYPE).view("i8")
copy = False
elif is_timedelta64_dtype(data.dtype) or is_bool_dtype(data.dtype):
# GH#29794 enforcing deprecation introduced in GH#23539
raise TypeError(f"dtype {data.dtype} cannot be converted to datetime64[ns]")
elif is_period_dtype(data.dtype):
# Note: without explicitly raising here, PeriodIndex
# test_setops.test_join_does_not_recur fails
raise TypeError(
"Passing PeriodDtype data is invalid. Use `data.to_timestamp()` instead"
)
elif is_extension_array_dtype(data.dtype) and not is_datetime64tz_dtype(data.dtype):
# TODO: We have no tests for these
data = np.array(data, dtype=np.object_)
copy = False
return data, copy
# -------------------------------------------------------------------
# Validation and Inference
def _maybe_infer_tz(tz: tzinfo | None, inferred_tz: tzinfo | None) -> tzinfo | None:
"""
If a timezone is inferred from data, check that it is compatible with
the user-provided timezone, if any.
Parameters
----------
tz : tzinfo or None
inferred_tz : tzinfo or None
Returns
-------
tz : tzinfo or None
Raises
------
TypeError : if both timezones are present but do not match
"""
if tz is None:
tz = inferred_tz
elif inferred_tz is None:
pass
elif not timezones.tz_compare(tz, inferred_tz):
raise TypeError(
f"data is already tz-aware {inferred_tz}, unable to "
f"set specified tz: {tz}"
)
return tz
def _validate_dt64_dtype(dtype):
"""
Check that a dtype, if passed, represents either a numpy datetime64[ns]
dtype or a pandas DatetimeTZDtype.
Parameters
----------
dtype : object
Returns
-------
dtype : None, numpy.dtype, or DatetimeTZDtype
Raises
------
ValueError : invalid dtype
Notes
-----
Unlike _validate_tz_from_dtype, this does _not_ allow non-existent
tz errors to go through
"""
if dtype is not None:
dtype = pandas_dtype(dtype)
if is_dtype_equal(dtype, np.dtype("M8")):
# no precision, disallowed GH#24806
msg = (
"Passing in 'datetime64' dtype with no precision is not allowed. "
"Please pass in 'datetime64[ns]' instead."
)
raise ValueError(msg)
if (
isinstance(dtype, np.dtype)
and (dtype.kind != "M" or not is_supported_unit(get_unit_from_dtype(dtype)))
) or not isinstance(dtype, (np.dtype, DatetimeTZDtype)):
raise ValueError(
f"Unexpected value for 'dtype': '{dtype}'. "
"Must be 'datetime64[s]', 'datetime64[ms]', 'datetime64[us]', "
"'datetime64[ns]' or DatetimeTZDtype'."
)
if getattr(dtype, "tz", None):
# https://github.com/pandas-dev/pandas/issues/18595
# Ensure that we have a standard timezone for pytz objects.
# Without this, things like adding an array of timedeltas and
# a tz-aware Timestamp (with a tz specific to its datetime) will
# be incorrect(ish?) for the array as a whole
dtype = cast(DatetimeTZDtype, dtype)
dtype = DatetimeTZDtype(tz=timezones.tz_standardize(dtype.tz))
return dtype
def _validate_tz_from_dtype(
dtype, tz: tzinfo | None, explicit_tz_none: bool = False
) -> tzinfo | None:
"""
If the given dtype is a DatetimeTZDtype, extract the implied
tzinfo object from it and check that it does not conflict with the given
tz.
Parameters
----------
dtype : dtype, str
tz : None, tzinfo
explicit_tz_none : bool, default False
Whether tz=None was passed explicitly, as opposed to lib.no_default.
Returns
-------
tz : consensus tzinfo
Raises
------
ValueError : on tzinfo mismatch
"""
if dtype is not None:
if isinstance(dtype, str):
try:
dtype = DatetimeTZDtype.construct_from_string(dtype)
except TypeError:
# Things like `datetime64[ns]`, which is OK for the
# constructors, but also nonsense, which should be validated
# but not by us. We *do* allow non-existent tz errors to
# go through
pass
dtz = getattr(dtype, "tz", None)
if dtz is not None:
if tz is not None and not timezones.tz_compare(tz, dtz):
raise ValueError("cannot supply both a tz and a dtype with a tz")
if explicit_tz_none:
raise ValueError("Cannot pass both a timezone-aware dtype and tz=None")
tz = dtz
if tz is not None and is_datetime64_dtype(dtype):
# We also need to check for the case where the user passed a
# tz-naive dtype (i.e. datetime64[ns])
if tz is not None and not timezones.tz_compare(tz, dtz):
raise ValueError(
"cannot supply both a tz and a "
"timezone-naive dtype (i.e. datetime64[ns])"
)
return tz
def _infer_tz_from_endpoints(
start: Timestamp, end: Timestamp, tz: tzinfo | None
) -> tzinfo | None:
"""
If a timezone is not explicitly given via `tz`, see if one can
be inferred from the `start` and `end` endpoints. If more than one
of these inputs provides a timezone, require that they all agree.
Parameters
----------
start : Timestamp
end : Timestamp
tz : tzinfo or None
Returns
-------
tz : tzinfo or None
Raises
------
TypeError : if start and end timezones do not agree
"""
try:
inferred_tz = timezones.infer_tzinfo(start, end)
except AssertionError as err:
# infer_tzinfo raises AssertionError if passed mismatched timezones
raise TypeError(
"Start and end cannot both be tz-aware with different timezones"
) from err
inferred_tz = timezones.maybe_get_tz(inferred_tz)
tz = timezones.maybe_get_tz(tz)
if tz is not None and inferred_tz is not None:
if not timezones.tz_compare(inferred_tz, tz):
raise AssertionError("Inferred time zone not equal to passed time zone")
elif inferred_tz is not None:
tz = inferred_tz
return tz
def _maybe_normalize_endpoints(
start: Timestamp | None, end: Timestamp | None, normalize: bool
):
if normalize:
if start is not None:
start = start.normalize()
if end is not None:
end = end.normalize()
return start, end
def _maybe_localize_point(ts, is_none, is_not_none, freq, tz, ambiguous, nonexistent):
"""
Localize a start or end Timestamp to the timezone of the corresponding
start or end Timestamp
Parameters
----------
ts : start or end Timestamp to potentially localize
is_none : argument that should be None
is_not_none : argument that should not be None
freq : Tick, DateOffset, or None
tz : str, timezone object or None
ambiguous: str, localization behavior for ambiguous times
nonexistent: str, localization behavior for nonexistent times
Returns
-------
ts : Timestamp
"""
# Make sure start and end are timezone localized if:
# 1) freq = a Timedelta-like frequency (Tick)
# 2) freq = None i.e. generating a linspaced range
if is_none is None and is_not_none is not None:
# Note: We can't ambiguous='infer' a singular ambiguous time; however,
# we have historically defaulted ambiguous=False
ambiguous = ambiguous if ambiguous != "infer" else False
localize_args = {"ambiguous": ambiguous, "nonexistent": nonexistent, "tz": None}
if isinstance(freq, Tick) or freq is None:
localize_args["tz"] = tz
ts = ts.tz_localize(**localize_args)
return ts
def _generate_range(
start: Timestamp | None,
end: Timestamp | None,
periods: int | None,
offset: BaseOffset,
*,
unit: str,
):
"""
Generates a sequence of dates corresponding to the specified time
offset. Similar to dateutil.rrule except uses pandas DateOffset
objects to represent time increments.
Parameters
----------
start : Timestamp or None
end : Timestamp or None
periods : int or None
offset : DateOffset
unit : str
Notes
-----
* This method is faster for generating weekdays than dateutil.rrule
* At least two of (start, end, periods) must be specified.
* If both start and end are specified, the returned dates will
satisfy start <= date <= end.
Returns
-------
dates : generator object
"""
offset = to_offset(offset)
# Argument 1 to "Timestamp" has incompatible type "Optional[Timestamp]";
# expected "Union[integer[Any], float, str, date, datetime64]"
start = Timestamp(start) # type: ignore[arg-type]
if start is not NaT:
start = start.as_unit(unit)
else:
start = None
# Argument 1 to "Timestamp" has incompatible type "Optional[Timestamp]";
# expected "Union[integer[Any], float, str, date, datetime64]"
end = Timestamp(end) # type: ignore[arg-type]
if end is not NaT:
end = end.as_unit(unit)
else:
end = None
if start and not offset.is_on_offset(start):
# Incompatible types in assignment (expression has type "datetime",
# variable has type "Optional[Timestamp]")
start = offset.rollforward(start) # type: ignore[assignment]
elif end and not offset.is_on_offset(end):
# Incompatible types in assignment (expression has type "datetime",
# variable has type "Optional[Timestamp]")
end = offset.rollback(end) # type: ignore[assignment]
# Unsupported operand types for < ("Timestamp" and "None")
if periods is None and end < start and offset.n >= 0: # type: ignore[operator]
end = None
periods = 0
if end is None:
# error: No overload variant of "__radd__" of "BaseOffset" matches
# argument type "None"
end = start + (periods - 1) * offset # type: ignore[operator]
if start is None:
# error: No overload variant of "__radd__" of "BaseOffset" matches
# argument type "None"
start = end - (periods - 1) * offset # type: ignore[operator]
start = cast(Timestamp, start)
end = cast(Timestamp, end)
cur = start
if offset.n >= 0:
while cur <= end:
yield cur
if cur == end:
# GH#24252 avoid overflows by not performing the addition
# in offset.apply unless we have to
break
# faster than cur + offset
next_date = offset._apply(cur).as_unit(unit)
if next_date <= cur:
raise ValueError(f"Offset {offset} did not increment date")
cur = next_date
else:
while cur >= end:
yield cur
if cur == end:
# GH#24252 avoid overflows by not performing the addition
# in offset.apply unless we have to
break
# faster than cur + offset
next_date = offset._apply(cur).as_unit(unit)
if next_date >= cur:
raise ValueError(f"Offset {offset} did not decrement date")
cur = next_date
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