454 lines
10 KiB
Plaintext
454 lines
10 KiB
Plaintext
{
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"cells": [
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{
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"cell_type": "markdown",
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"metadata": {
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"collapsed": true,
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"slideshow": {
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"slide_type": "slide"
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}
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},
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"source": [
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"# Wprowadzenie do Pythona: część 2\n",
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"\n",
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"## Tomasz Dwojak\n",
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"\n",
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"## 2 grudnia 2017"
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]
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},
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{
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"cell_type": "markdown",
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"metadata": {
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"slideshow": {
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"slide_type": "slide"
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}
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},
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"source": [
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"# Plan na dziś:\n",
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" * ciąg dalszy podstaw,\n",
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" * klasy,\n",
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" * moduły,"
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]
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},
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{
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"cell_type": "markdown",
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"metadata": {
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"slideshow": {
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"slide_type": "slide"
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}
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},
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"source": [
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"## Python jest językiem obiektowym \n",
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" * Wszystko jest obiektem: liczby, napisy, None, funkcje, moduły (biblioteki)..."
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]
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},
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{
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"cell_type": "code",
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"execution_count": 11,
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"metadata": {
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"slideshow": {
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"slide_type": "fragment"
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}
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},
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"outputs": [
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{
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"name": "stdout",
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"output_type": "stream",
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"text": [
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"0\n",
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"Python da się lubić !\n"
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]
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}
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],
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"source": [
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"print((2017).imag)\n",
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"print(' '.join(['Python', 'da', 'się', 'lubić', '!']))"
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]
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},
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{
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"cell_type": "markdown",
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"metadata": {
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"slideshow": {
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"slide_type": "slide"
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}
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},
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"source": [
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"## Konstrukcja"
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]
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},
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{
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"cell_type": "code",
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"execution_count": 18,
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"metadata": {
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"slideshow": {
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"slide_type": "fragment"
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}
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},
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"outputs": [
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{
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"name": "stdout",
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"output_type": "stream",
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"text": [
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"<class '__main__.NajprostszaKlasa'>\n"
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]
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}
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],
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"source": [
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"class NajprostszaKlasa:\n",
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" pass\n",
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"\n",
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"nasza_klasa = NajprostszaKlasa() # Uwaga na nawiasy na końcu!\n",
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"print(type(nasza_klasa))"
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]
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},
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{
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"cell_type": "markdown",
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"metadata": {
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"slideshow": {
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"slide_type": "slide"
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}
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},
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"source": [
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"## (Pseudo) Konstruktor \n",
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"\n"
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]
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},
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{
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"cell_type": "code",
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"execution_count": 30,
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"metadata": {
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"slideshow": {
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"slide_type": "fragment"
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}
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},
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"outputs": [
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{
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"name": "stdout",
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"output_type": "stream",
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"text": [
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"2\n"
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]
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}
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],
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"source": [
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"class Punkt:\n",
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" def __init__(self, x, y):\n",
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" self.x = x\n",
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" self.y = y\n",
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"\n",
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"punkt = Punkt(2, 3)\n",
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"print(punkt.x)"
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]
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},
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{
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"cell_type": "code",
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"execution_count": 25,
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"metadata": {
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"collapsed": true,
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"slideshow": {
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"slide_type": "slide"
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}
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},
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"outputs": [],
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"source": [
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"class Figura:\n",
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" def __init__(self, vertexes):\n",
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" self.vertexes = vertexes\n",
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" \n",
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" def liczba_wierzcholkow(self):\n",
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" return len(self.vertexes)\n",
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" \n",
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" def dodaj_wierzcholek(self, x):\n",
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" self.vertexes.append(x)"
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]
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},
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{
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"cell_type": "code",
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"execution_count": 26,
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"metadata": {
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"collapsed": true,
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"slideshow": {
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"slide_type": "slide"
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}
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},
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"outputs": [],
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"source": [
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"class Prostokat(Figura):\n",
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" def __init__(self, vertexes):\n",
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" super().__init__(vertexes)\n",
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" \n",
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" def czy_jestem_kwadratem(self):\n",
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" pass\n",
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" "
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]
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},
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{
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"cell_type": "code",
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"execution_count": 28,
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"metadata": {
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"slideshow": {
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"slide_type": "slide"
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}
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},
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"outputs": [
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{
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"data": {
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"text/plain": [
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"3"
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]
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},
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"execution_count": 28,
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"metadata": {},
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"output_type": "execute_result"
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}
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],
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"source": [
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"class Figura:\n",
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" def __init__(self, vertexes):\n",
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" self.vertexes = vertexes\n",
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" \n",
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" def liczba_wierzcholkow(self):\n",
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" return len(self.vertexes)\n",
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" \n",
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" def __len__(self):\n",
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" return self.liczba_wierzcholkow()\n",
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" \n",
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"len(Figura([Punkt(2,3), Punkt(3,4), Punkt(0, 0)]))"
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]
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},
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{
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"cell_type": "markdown",
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"metadata": {
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"slideshow": {
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"slide_type": "slide"
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}
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},
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"source": [
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"## Dobre praktyki: komentarze"
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]
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},
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{
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"cell_type": "code",
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"execution_count": 38,
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"metadata": {
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"slideshow": {
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"slide_type": "fragment"
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}
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},
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"outputs": [
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{
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"name": "stdout",
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"output_type": "stream",
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"text": [
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"Help on class Punkt in module __main__:\n",
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"\n",
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"class Punkt(builtins.object)\n",
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" | Klasa reprezentująca punkt w 2D.\n",
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" | \n",
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" | Methods defined here:\n",
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" | \n",
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" | __init__(self, x, y)\n",
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" | opis argumentów x i y.\n",
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" | \n",
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" | ----------------------------------------------------------------------\n",
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" | Data descriptors defined here:\n",
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" | \n",
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" | __dict__\n",
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" | dictionary for instance variables (if defined)\n",
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" | \n",
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" | __weakref__\n",
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" | list of weak references to the object (if defined)\n",
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"\n"
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]
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}
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],
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"source": [
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"class Punkt(object):\n",
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" \"\"\"Klasa reprezentująca punkt w 2D.\"\"\"\n",
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" def __init__(self, x, y):\n",
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" \"\"\"opis argumentów x i y.\"\"\"\n",
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" self.x = x\n",
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" self.y = y"
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]
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},
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{
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"cell_type": "code",
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"execution_count": 39,
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"metadata": {
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"slideshow": {
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"slide_type": "slide"
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}
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},
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"outputs": [
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{
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"name": "stdout",
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"output_type": "stream",
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"text": [
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"Help on class Punkt in module __main__:\n",
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"\n",
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"class Punkt(builtins.object)\n",
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" | Klasa reprezentująca punkt w 2D.\n",
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" | \n",
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" | Methods defined here:\n",
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" | \n",
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" | __init__(self, x, y)\n",
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" | opis argumentów x i y.\n",
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" | \n",
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" | ----------------------------------------------------------------------\n",
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" | Data descriptors defined here:\n",
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" | \n",
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" | __dict__\n",
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" | dictionary for instance variables (if defined)\n",
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" | \n",
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" | __weakref__\n",
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" | list of weak references to the object (if defined)\n",
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"\n"
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]
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}
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],
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"source": [
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"help(Punkt)"
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]
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},
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{
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"cell_type": "markdown",
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"metadata": {
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"slideshow": {
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"slide_type": "slide"
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}
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},
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"source": [
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"## Enkapsulacja: publiczne czy prywatne?\n",
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" * Prywatne zaczynają się od dwóch podkreśleń: ``__``, np. ``def __policz(self)``\n",
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" * chronione tylko w konwencji, zaczynają się od '\\_', np. ``def _parse(self)``\n",
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" * publiczne jest wszystko co nie zaczyna się od '\\_'."
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]
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},
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{
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"cell_type": "code",
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"execution_count": 46,
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"metadata": {
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"slideshow": {
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"slide_type": "slide"
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}
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},
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"outputs": [
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{
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"ename": "AttributeError",
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"evalue": "'Parser' object has no attribute '__parse'",
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"output_type": "error",
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"traceback": [
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"\u001b[0;31m---------------------------------------------------------------------------\u001b[0m",
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"\u001b[0;31mAttributeError\u001b[0m Traceback (most recent call last)",
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"\u001b[0;32m<ipython-input-46-80ee186598d3>\u001b[0m in \u001b[0;36m<module>\u001b[0;34m()\u001b[0m\n\u001b[1;32m 4\u001b[0m \u001b[0mparser\u001b[0m \u001b[0;34m=\u001b[0m \u001b[0mParser\u001b[0m\u001b[0;34m(\u001b[0m\u001b[0;34m)\u001b[0m\u001b[0;34m\u001b[0m\u001b[0m\n\u001b[1;32m 5\u001b[0m \u001b[0mparser\u001b[0m\u001b[0;34m.\u001b[0m\u001b[0m_get\u001b[0m\u001b[0;34m(\u001b[0m\u001b[0;34m)\u001b[0m\u001b[0;34m\u001b[0m\u001b[0m\n\u001b[0;32m----> 6\u001b[0;31m \u001b[0mparser\u001b[0m\u001b[0;34m.\u001b[0m\u001b[0m__parse\u001b[0m\u001b[0;34m(\u001b[0m\u001b[0;34m)\u001b[0m\u001b[0;34m\u001b[0m\u001b[0m\n\u001b[0m",
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"\u001b[0;31mAttributeError\u001b[0m: 'Parser' object has no attribute '__parse'"
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]
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}
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],
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"source": [
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"class Parser(object):\n",
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" def __parse(self): pass\n",
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" def _get(self): pass\n",
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"parser = Parser()\n",
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"parser._get()\n",
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"parser.__parse()"
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]
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},
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{
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"cell_type": "markdown",
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"metadata": {
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"slideshow": {
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"slide_type": "slide"
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}
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},
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"source": [
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"## Iteratory"
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]
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},
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{
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"cell_type": "code",
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"execution_count": 52,
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"metadata": {
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"slideshow": {
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"slide_type": "fragment"
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}
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},
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"outputs": [
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{
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"name": "stdout",
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"output_type": "stream",
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"text": [
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"<__main__.Punkt object at 0x7feb78045908>\n",
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"<__main__.Punkt object at 0x7feb78045828>\n",
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"<__main__.Punkt object at 0x7feb780457f0>\n"
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]
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}
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],
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"source": [
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"class Figura:\n",
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" def __init__(self, vertexes):\n",
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" self.vertexes = vertexes \n",
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" \n",
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" def __iter__(self):\n",
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" self.index = -1\n",
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" return self\n",
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" \n",
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" def __next__(self):\n",
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" self.index += 1\n",
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" if self.index == len(self.vertexes):\n",
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" raise StopIteration\n",
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" return self.vertexes[self.index]\n",
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" \n",
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"for v in Figura([Punkt(2,3), Punkt(3,4), Punkt(0, 0)]):\n",
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" print(v)"
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]
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},
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{
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"cell_type": "markdown",
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"metadata": {
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"slideshow": {
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"slide_type": "slide"
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}
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},
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"source": [
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"## Co zostało pominięte?\n",
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" * pola klas i metody statyczne,\n",
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" * dekoratory,\n",
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" * mutable i immutable \n",
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" "
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]
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},
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{
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"cell_type": "code",
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"execution_count": null,
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"metadata": {
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"collapsed": true
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},
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"outputs": [],
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"source": []
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}
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],
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"metadata": {
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"celltoolbar": "Slideshow",
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"kernelspec": {
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"display_name": "Python 3",
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"language": "python",
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"name": "python3"
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},
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"language_info": {
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"codemirror_mode": {
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"name": "ipython",
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"version": 3
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},
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"file_extension": ".py",
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"mimetype": "text/x-python",
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"name": "python",
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"nbconvert_exporter": "python",
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"pygments_lexer": "ipython3",
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"version": "3.6.3"
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}
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},
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"nbformat": 4,
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"nbformat_minor": 2
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}
|